China And Mao Zedong

Tomas Chapman, Emily Champagne, Joseph Sears, Taylor Sorge, Josh Gaze

NationalistsFirst great leader of the Kuomintang was

Sun Yixian, which was a nationalist party.The nationalist party overthrew the last

emperor of the Qing Dynasty.Sun yixian wanted to base government off

of the “three principles of the people.”Nationalism-End to foreign controlPeoples rights-DemocracyPeoples livelihood-Economic security for

all chinese

Nationalists Cont. Sun Yixian lacked authority and military

support to secure national unity.He turned over office to general Yuan

Shikai, who then revolted the democratic ways of the revolution.

In 1916, after the general died and civil war broke out, authority fell over to warlords and military leaders.

Problems of WWIIn 1917, Peiping (Beijing) declared war

against Germany.Allied leaders gave Japan promised Chinese

territories.The Treaty of Versailles creates rage in China

On may 4th 1919 3,000 students gathered in the center Beijing. The demonstration they created spread to other cities created a national movement.

Communist PartyIn 1921, Mao Zedong founded the Chinese

communist party, based out of Shanghai.Mao Zedong believed that he could bring

revolution to a real country where the peasants could be the true revolutionaries.

Lenin and China While Mao Zedong was forming Chinese

communism Sun Yixian and his Nationalist party, set up a government in South China.

Sun Yixian decided to ally with the Kuomintang, who was a newly formed communism group.

Lenin helped the Chinese nationalist government by sending military advisors and equipment to the nationalist in return for allowing the communist to join the Kuomintang.

Jiang JieshiWhen Sun Yixian died, he became the

head of the Kuomintang.He feared the communist turning the

country towards socialism.Promised Democracy and political rights.Government became less democratic and

more corrupt.

Civil War By 1930, Nationalist and communist were

fighting a civil war.Mao Zedong recruited peasants to join his

Red Army.The Nationalists attacked the Communists

multiple times but failed to drive them away.Long March- Army of Jiangs men (700,000

men) surrounded Communists who faced defeat.

While civil war went on, Japan invaded China.

Civil War PausesJapan watched as China weakened and

took advantage of it.In 1937, Japanese invaded China with

massive bombings and the killing of Chinese. This led to starvation of villages.

By 1939, Japan had control of a large part of China.

Nationalists and Communists came together to fight the Japanese.

Mao ZedongGreat Leap Forward

This called for larger collective farms and 26,000 were created.

It was actually a giant step backwards because it stopped industry growth.

Red GuardsLarge group of students who pledged

their devotion to Mao Zedong and the revolution they created.

Eventually, Mao turned on them and were exiled, arrested, and executed.

Cultural RevolutionCultural revolution- an uprising that the Red

Guards created.The goal was to establish a society of

peasants and workers where all were equal.

Intellectual and artistic activity were considered useless and dangerous.

Shut down schools and collegesIn 1968, Mao said the revolution had to

stop.

WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED…?1. What group of people composed the

Kuomintang?a. Communist b. Nationalist c. Fascist 2. What infuriated China after the treaty of

WWI?a. Germans invaded China b. China’s economy plummeted c. Chinese land was promised to Japan3. The Chinese Capital was moved by?d. Mao Zedong c. The Treaty of Versailles e. Sun Yixian

4. Who invaded China and put the civil war on hold?a. Japan b. Russia c. Germany5. Who were the Red Guards?b. A group of peasants b. a group of teenagersc. A group of nationalists6. Who took over the rule after Sun Yixan?c. Mao Zedong b. Yuan Shikai c. Jiang Jieshi

Short Answer QuestionsDescribe the nationalist movement in china.

Describe why the civil war in China temporarily paused.

Explain what changes Jiang Jieshi brought to China.

AnswersMultiple Choice1. b.2. c.3. a.4. a.5. b.6. b.

Answers Cont.Short Answer1. Started off with KuomintangWhen Jiang Jieshi took over, he went to civil

war with Mao’s Red Army2. Japan invaded ChinaNationalists and Communists joined together

to fight Japan

Answers Cont.Short Answer3. Promised democracyGave Chinese citizens civil rights