Cognitive DevelopmentInformation-ProcessingModule 8.1 – 8.3

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Information ProcessingPiaget

Step by step changesStages

Information processingGradual changes

How we learn calculus

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Information-Processing Approach

Emphasizes how individualsManipulate informationMonitorStrategize

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Memory Information Processing Theory

MemoryRetention of information over time

Sensory memoryVery brief

Lasting 1/2 to 1 secondUnless attended to

Extensive memory for sensory events.

Short-term memory (STM)Working memory Holds 5-9 memories

Up to 30 secondsLimited in capacity compared to

sensory memoryIf no rehearsal lost

Memory Information Processing Theory

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Memory Information Processing TheoryShort term memory

9857654

• 2 digits 982 yrs., 5 yrs.

• 5 digits 985767 yrs.

• 7 digits 985765417 yrs. (adult)

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Short term memoryRecent models

Named: Working memory Stores info Processes info

o Retrieves info from LTMo To put in context

o Example?7

Memory Information Processing Theory

Memory Information Processing TheoryJewelry making

(short term memory) Working memoryForgot to glue something

Keep in memory long enough to remind myself

Pull from long term memory know what gluing means and how to do it.

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Long-term Memory

Large capacityStores

information relatively permanently.

Information Processing Theory

Long term: unlimitedBecomes more accurate Varies among individuals,

affected by age & experiencesEmotional impact

Light Blub10

Memory Information Processing TheorySchema

Short termNew mammal

LTM: place in fileTo long term

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FUZZY TRACE MEMORY8.2

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Interviewing techniques can distort reports

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FUZZY TRACE THEORY

Children may give false infoEven when no motivation to

falsifyFactors affect reliability of

eyewitness testimonySuch as?

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Information Processing

Children’s LTM accuracyIncreases with ageImproves with cues & promptsAge differences in suggestion

susceptibility Individual differences in

susceptibility

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Memory Information Processing Theory

Middle school Memory more

sophisticated Learn simple strategies

Flash cards

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Memory Information Processing Theory

AdolescenceMore experience in lifeAbstract thinking

No thumbs?Able to hold more data at once

Coaching sportsKnowledge

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Memory Information Processing Theory

Strategies to Process what is happening nowDo I agree?RepetitionTalk to other’s about it

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Strategies

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Memory Information Processing

Strategies Cont.ElaborateImagesOrganization Support

Asking questionsWhat we process we learn

How many windows are in your house?20

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Information Processing adolescences

Areas of improvementMemory increases in:

Capacity Functioning

Executive functioning Decision making

Critical thinkingThinking reflectivelyEvaluating evidence

Examples?

Memory Information Processing Theory Adolescence

Able to hold more data at onceCoaching sports

Long term memoryPrior knowledge

Ex: Skills of various playersWorking memory

(stores & processes information)Use prior knowledge to formulate game

planAll work together

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MEMORY DEVELOPMENT THROUGHOUT CHILDHOOD

8.3

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DkwEFw0UEz4Episodic Memory: Understanding How Memories are Made in Kids

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_wOlaZlApTYHow Infants Learn from the Media

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xBSYD0dQCAw

Imitation

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