Capt RobinRoster no: 44OBC : 75

Child labor situation in Bangladeshand its future impact

INTRODUCTION

What is child laborchild labor situation in BangladeshLaws against child laborRecommendationEnforce mechanism

SCOPES

Definition Child labor refers to the employment of childrenin any work that deprives children of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school,and that is mentally, physically, socially or morallydangerous and harmful

CHILD LABOR •At least one hour of economic work or 28 hrs of domestic work per week.

Ages 5-11:

•At least 14 hours of economic work •or 28 hours of domestic work per weekAges 12-14

•At least 43 hours of economic or domestic work per weekAges 15-17

Key statistics

Working children, aged 5-17 7.4 million

Working children, aged 5-14 4.7 million

Child laborers (according to definition, below), aged 5-17 3.2 million

Children engaged in hazardous labor, aged 5-17 1.3 million

Child domestic workers1 421,000

Percentage of children (aged 5-14) engaged in child labor (2006)2

12.8 %

*All other statistics from Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Report on National Child Labor Survey, 2002-2003

Poverty & child labor

Fig: vicious cycle of poverty & child labor

Child labor in the world

Child activity

Schooling

Employment

Both

neither

PovertyIlliteracyFamily breakupsRapid population growthAdult unemploymentLack of minimum wagesEarly marriageLack of knowledge by parents about education

Causes

CHILD LABOR IN BANGLADESH

CHILD LABOR IN BANGLADESHBangladesh is a third world developing country. Because of its developing child labor abounds in Bangladesh. It has the largest number of child workers in the world. Child labor is a deterrent to schooling. Most child laborers in Bangladesh work in agriculture. Domestic servants in child-age in many cases

have a massive amount of labor.

Some special laws in Bangladesh Labor Act 2006 (Bangladesh) sets the minimum age for work to 14 years & 18 years for hazardous work. Also, light work for children between the ages of 12 - 14 years is defined as non-hazardous work that does not impede education..The Employment of Children Act, 1938: This Act applies only to those occupations that relate to transport of passengers, handling of goods and processing work. A child is defined in this Act as a person under the age of 15 years and this Act prevents them from working in the transport of passengers and handling of goods by road, railway or any sea port.

Child labor in Bangladesh LawsName of the acts or ordnance Child

child act 1974 Up to 16 years

child act 1933(pledging of labor) Up to 15 years

employment of child act 1938 Up to 15 years in case of railway transport and carriage of goods in port.

Up to 12 years in case of hazardous occupations

tea plantation labor ordnance,1962 Up to 15 years

factories acts,1965 Up to 16 years

shop and establishment,1965 Up to 12 years

road transport workers ord,1961 Up to 18 years

The Children (Pledging of Labor) Act, 1933:

Section 5Employment of children below 12 years is prohibited in the following works…like Tobacco, Carpet ,Cement manufacturing/bagging ,Cloth printing, dyeing and weaving, Manufacturing of explosive fireworks and matches, soap manufacturing, Tanning, Wool cleaning

Section 66No child who has not Completed 14 years shall be required or allowed to work in any factory

The Children Act, 1974This law enacted to consolidate and among the existing laws relating to the custody, protection and treatment of children and trial and punishment of young offenders. Section 44 of part (IV) of the Act is relevant for child labor. Section 44whoever secures a child ostensibly for the purpose of manual employment or for labor in a factory or other establishment, but in fact exploits the child for his own ends, with holds or lives on his earnings, all be punishable with fine which may extend to taka one thousand.

International laws against child labor

a. ILO Minimum Age Convention 138 (C138), 1973

b. UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), 1990

c. ILO Worst Forms Convention 182 (C182), 1999

d. International Program on Elimination of child labor

AnalysisCase laws/precedents regarding child labor law issues

in Bangladesh are not available. No law has defined ‘hazardous’ or worst forms Not many cases have been filed challenging the violation of child labor laws.

Bangladesh has signed and ratified the UNCRC and ILO convention no. 182. For implementing the provisions of the convention in Bangladesh some amendments are required to be made in existing laws or a new law needs to be enacted.

Elimination

Enforce mechanism

• Formulation of Pragmatic Strategy • Education • Monitoring and Evaluation • Health and Nutrition • Legislation Enforcement • Prevention of Child Labor and Safety of Children

Engaged in Labor • Social Awareness Raising and• Social and Family Reintegration • Motivation

Recommendation • Basic primary education should be free as far as direct

costs & school books free up to high school level by govt.

• Vocation skills training ,quality of skills trainings could be an attractive option to working children and their families.

• To improve the level of awareness in family and society.• To prevent child labor we should strictly maintain the

laws, acts established by our government.• We have to increase productivity and thus the incomes

of parents

Conclusion

EACH

take home message…. Lets eliminate worst forms of child labor “Together, we can reach our goal”

Thank you