chickenpox by group 1b

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  • 7/29/2019 Chickenpox by Group 1b

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    Is a common, acute, and highly contagiuos viral infection.

    Can occur at any age but most common in childrenbetween 2-8 of age.

    It is usually more severe in adults and very young infants thanchildren.

    It usually common during rainy season. Winter and spring inother countries.

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    Human (alpha) herpes virus 3 or also knownas varicella-zoster virus.

    And is often categorized with other common so-called viral

    exanthems (viral rashes):

    Rubeola

    Rubella

    Roseola

    Mumps Virus

    5th disease(Parvovirus B13)

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    Direct Contact

    Airborne droplets (coughing, sneezing, kissing, talking with an

    infected person)

    Skin to skin (fluid from blisters and sores)

    Acute maternal infection in 1st or early 2nd semester of pregnancy

    Indirect Contact

    > contact with articles of clothing and other items (fomites) exposed to

    fresh drainage from open sores.

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    Lasts from 13-17 days (2-3 wks)

    It is probably communicable from 1 day before lesions

    erupt to 6 days after vesicle form

    Most contagious in early stages of skin lesions eruption.

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    Symptoms tend to appear 14 to 16 days after the initial

    exposure but can occur anytime from 10 days to 21 days

    after contact with the virus.

    Two days of mild fever up to 102F (sometimes with

    cough and cold)

    General weakness and Headache

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    Nausea

    Anorexia

    And a rash (first sign of the disease)* the rash of chicken pox develops in crops with raised red

    spots arriving first, progressing to blisters that burst,

    forming open sores, before crusting over.

    * blisters usually starts on the scalp, then the trunk, andfinally the arms and the legs.

    Pruritus and pain on blisters that burst

    Sore throat

    Myalgia

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    Occurs worldwide and endemic in large cities

    Outbreaks are sporadic usually in areas with large

    groups of susceptible children

    Affects all gender, races, and age groups.

    Second attacks are rare, probably 70% have the disease

    by the time they are 15 years of age.

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    Acute Pain Hyperthermia

    Altered Comfort

    Anxiety

    Imbalance Nutrition: Less than Body Requirement

    Impaired Skin Integrity

    Activity intolerance/Impaired Physical Mobility

    Ineffective Airway clearance/Impaired GasExchange/Ineffective Airway Clearance

    Disturbed Body Image Self-Care Deficit

    Risk For Infection

    Risk For Injury

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    ^ aims to decrease symptoms and to prevent bacterialinfection

    Acetaminophen (Tylenol) - to decrease fever andaches often associated with the initial presentation ofthe viral infection.

    Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) or other antihistamine to control itching.

    Acyclovir (Zovirax) an antiviral that used to shortenthe duration of the infection.

    To control the risk for secondary bacterial infection,nails are trimmed in young children.

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    Bacterial Infection related to an open pox sore.

    CNS: Cerebral Ataxia (with wobbliness, dizziness,tremors, and altered speech).

    Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain withheadache, seizures and decrease level of

    consciousness). Reyes Syndrome (fatal with combination of liver and

    brain disease).

    Patients taking cortisone-related medications are at

    risk patients with AIDS, SLE, Leukemia, and Cancer will

    have serious complications

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    Most people develop lifetime immunity to chickenpoxafter the first occurrence and never experience it again.

    Shingles (zoster) vaccine. The vaccine requires 2 shots.

    1st given at about 1 year of age.

    The second one (booster shot) is given at 4 years ofage.

    If an older person has not had chickenpox, the shotmay be given at any time.

    Vaccinations have been associated with a 90%

    decrease in the incidence of chickenpox andsignificantly lower complication rates in those who dodevelop the symptoms.

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    Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster viruswhich

    also causes shingle.

    Chickenpox is highly contagious and spreads by contact

    with someone with chickenpox.

    Fever, malaise, and a rash (red spot, blisters, and

    crusted lesions) are all symptoms and signs of

    chickenpox.

    Treatment for chickenpox is basically supportive.

    Although usually self-limited, chickenpox can also cause

    more serious complications, including pneumonia,

    encephalitis, and secondary skin infections.

    The chickenpox vaccine has resulted in a decrease in

    chickenpox incidence by 90% after two shots of zoster

    vaccine.

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    Sharmaine Coloma

    Tin Leyba

    Cathreen Sause

    Michael cutedaw Zulueta