chia po lin ewtec lisbon 1995. phd thesis edinburgh university
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University
![Page 2: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University
![Page 3: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University
![Page 4: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Thanks to
Wikipedia
![Page 5: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Surface tension force = 4 x Side x 73 milliNewton / metre at 15C
Buoyancy force = Side3 x 1000 kilogram /metre3 x g
![Page 7: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
0 2 4 6 8 100
2
4
6
8
Buoyancy and surface tension forces on cubes floating nearly awash
Cube side mm
For
ce m
illi
new
tons
Buoyancy = surface tension at 5.5 mm side cube
![Page 8: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
1% error for a 55 mm cube. One part in 340 for a 100 mm cube
0 20 40 60 80 1000.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1Gravity force / Gravity plus surface tension for cubes as a function of side.
Cube side mm
Err
or
![Page 9: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Combined
Capillary
Gravity
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.20
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Phase velocity of gravity and capillary waves versus wavelength
Wave length metre
Vel
ocity
met
res/
seco
nd
![Page 10: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.50
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10Percentage velocity error as a function of wavelength
Wave length metres
Err
or p
erce
nt
1% error at 121 mm. 1 in 1700 at 500 mm
![Page 11: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Drag coefficients as a functions of Reynolds number. Hermann Schlichting
![Page 12: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
300
300,000
Nearly 1000 :1 OK. Then a drop by a factor of 4 at ReN = 500,000
![Page 13: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Full scale cylinder diameter 10 metres
Full scale wave trough to crest 4 metres
Full scale wave period 9 seconds
What scale gives Reynolds number of 500,000?
![Page 14: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Full scale cylinder diameter 10 metres
Full scale wave trough to crest 4 metres
Full scale wave period 9 seconds
What scale gives Reynolds number of 500,000?
10 :1
![Page 15: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Full scale cylinder diameter 10 metres
Full scale wave trough to crest 4 metres
Full scale wave period 9 seconds
What scale gives Reynolds number of 500,000?
10 :1But drag forces are ~ 1/30 less than inertial forces and 90°out of phase so who cares?
![Page 16: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
KeuleganCNoVelocity Period
Diameter
![Page 17: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
KeuleganCNoVelocity Period
Diameter
KeuleganCNo
HeightPeriod
Period
Diameter
![Page 18: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
KeuleganCNoVelocity Period
Diameter
KeuleganCNo
HeightPeriod
Period
Diameter
![Page 19: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
NASA
![Page 21: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
1/100 1/10 1/1
Model / device cost £5 - £1k £10K- £200k £3m-£20m
Model weight 1kg 1 tonne 1000 tonne
Launch time minutes 1-5 days ~>year
Repeatability 1:1000 Tank 1:1000Open sea 0
0
Test duration 128 sec 10 min months
Control √ √ XFault repair time hours days Months-
>1 year
Drag coefficient error 400%
![Page 22: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Not understanding ‘off-the-shelf’ components and materials.
Because investors give launch date priority over reliability.
![Page 23: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
F ig u r e 5 . P la n a n d e l e v a t io n s k e t c h e s o f t h e t e s t p la t f o r m .
![Page 25: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Trying to survive loads above those at the economic limit.
![Page 30: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
What the sea isdoing to your part
every ~10 seconds
What fractionof your parts
will fail
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 80
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1Probabilty distribution of stress and endurance
Multiple of root mean square stress
sdev1 0.4
MS1 5
![Page 31: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 40
0.0002
0.0004
0.0006
0.0008
Probabilty distribution of stress and endurance
Multiple of root mean square stress
MTBF2 = 67.2 days
Need mean stress 6.3 times std. deviation to get MTBF = 150 years
![Page 32: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 80
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1Probabilty distribution of stress and endurance
Multiple of root mean square stress
sdev2 0.2
MS2 2.4
MTBF2 830.3 yr
![Page 33: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Using the wrong installation equipment.
![Page 34: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
. . . . standing up in a hammock
![Page 35: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
http://www.scanmudring.no/?page=301&menu=4&id=6
![Page 36: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
SUGGESTED CRAWLER SPECIFICATION
Frame dimensions 12.19m x 2.43m x 2.59m
Weight 30 tonne
Power 100kW
Smooth seabed, side-on, no slide current 5 m/sec
Side-on no roll 1 m clearance 11 m/sec
Vertical lift all 8 legs 300 kN
Horizontal thrust 400 kN
Walking speed 280 mm/sec = 0.55 knot
360 degree azimuth rotation 11 min
Step size with digital hydraulics 1 mm
Mud pressure with maximum size feet 12 kPa
Maximum obstacle clearance 2.1 m
Slope climbing on rock 45 degrees
Payload tools and materials 20 tonne
![Page 40: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Conventional work vessel
Pull only. Very slow direction change.
![Page 41: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Conventional work vessel
Pull only. Very slow direction change.
Needs intelligent heavy lift capability at both ends.
![Page 42: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Conventional work vessel
Pull only. Very slow direction change.
Needs intelligent heavy lift capability at both ends.
Hard fragile skin punctured in tens of millimeters.
![Page 43: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Conventional work vessel
Pull only. Very slow direction change.
Needs intelligent heavy lift capability at both ends.
Hard fragile skin punctured in tens of millimeters.
Fixed wave response not matched to client.
![Page 44: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Conventional work vessel
Pull only. Very slow direction change.
Needs intelligent heavy lift capability at both ends.
Hard fragile skin punctured in tens of millimeters.
Fixed wave response not matched to client.
Independent operation.
![Page 45: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Conventional work vessel
Pull only. Very slow direction change.
Needs intelligent heavy lift capability at both ends.
Hard fragile skin punctured in tens of millimeters.
Fixed wave response not matched to client.
Independent operation.
Potentially fatal heel induced by work forces.
![Page 46: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Conventional work vessel
Pull only. Very slow direction change.
Needs intelligent heavy lift capability at both ends.
Hard fragile skin punctured in tens of millimeters.
Fixed wave response not matched to client.
Independent operation.
Potentially fatal heel induced by work forces.
Winches, cranes and own electrical generation .
![Page 47: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Conventional work vessel
Pull only. Very slow direction change.
Needs intelligent heavy lift capability at both ends.
Hard fragile skin punctured in tens of millimeters.
Fixed wave response not matched to client.
Independent operation.
Potentially fatal heel induced by work forces.
Winches, cranes and own electrical generation .
Too heavy to be lifted by container crane.
![Page 48: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Conventional work vessel
Pull only. Very slow direction change.
Needs intelligent heavy lift capability at both ends.
Hard fragile skin punctured in tens of millimeters.
Fixed wave response not matched to client.
Independent operation.
Potentially fatal heel induced by work forces.
Winches, cranes and own electrical generation .
Too heavy to be lifted by container crane.
Conventional GPS with precision of tens of metres.
![Page 49: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Ideal Installation vessel
Push, pull, twist and shear 280 kN in any direction in seconds.
![Page 50: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Ideal Installation vessel
Push, pull, twist and shear 280 kN in any direction in seconds.
Fast connection and disconnection.
![Page 51: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Ideal Installation vessel
Push, pull, twist and shear 280 kN in any direction in seconds.
Fast connection and disconnection.
Soft skin deflecting > 2 metres.
![Page 52: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Ideal Installation vessel
Push, pull, twist and shear 280 kN in any direction in seconds.
Fast connection and disconnection.
Soft skin deflecting > 2 metres.
Wave response adjusted to match client object.
![Page 53: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Ideal Installation vessel
Push, pull, twist and shear 280 kN in any direction in seconds.
Fast connection and disconnection.
Soft skin deflecting > 2 metres.
Wave response adjusted to match client object.
Co-operation between multiple units from a single point.
![Page 54: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Ideal Installation vessel
Push, pull, twist and shear 280 kN in any direction in seconds.
Fast connection and disconnection.
Soft skin deflecting > 2 metres.
Wave response adjusted to match client object.
Co-operation between multiple units from a single point.
No heel induced by work forces.
![Page 55: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Ideal Installation vessel
Push, pull, twist and shear 280 kN in any direction in seconds.
Fast connection and disconnection.
Soft skin deflecting > 2 metres.
Wave response adjusted to match client object.
Co-operation between multiple units from a single point.
No heel induced by work forces.
Source of electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic power.
![Page 56: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Ideal Installation vessel
Push, pull, twist and shear 280 kN in any direction in seconds.
Fast connection and disconnection.
Soft skin deflecting > 2 metres.
Wave response adjusted to match client object.
Co-operation between multiple units from a single point.
No heel induced by work forces.
Source of electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic power.
Sea container handling points.
![Page 57: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Ideal Installation vessel
Push, pull, twist and shear 280 kN in any direction in seconds.
Fast connection and disconnection.
Soft skin deflecting > 2 metres.
Wave response adjusted to match client object.
Co-operation between multiple units from a single point.
No heel induced by work forces.
Source of electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic power.
Sea container handling points.
Local differential, carrier-phase navigation.
![Page 58: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
![Page 59: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
![Page 60: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
![Page 61: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
![Page 62: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
![Page 63: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
![Page 64: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
![Page 65: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
![Page 66: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
![Page 67: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
![Page 68: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
![Page 69: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
![Page 70: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
http://www.voithturbo.com/vt_en_pua_marine_vspropeller.htm
Has lovely animation of rotor blade angles.
![Page 71: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
What we did wrong the first time
Had a leadership which wanted us to fail.
Now every developer wants every other developer to fail.
Will this majority succeed?
![Page 72: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
What went wrong the first time ?
![Page 73: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
What went wrong the first time ?
Having a leadership that secretly wanted the project to fail.
![Page 74: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
What went wrong the first time ?
Having a leadership that secretly wanted the project to fail.
Choosing a single very big target 2 GW.
![Page 75: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
What went wrong the first time ?
Having a leadership that secretly wanted the project to fail.
Choosing a single very big target 2 GW.
Relying on second rate consultants.
![Page 76: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
What went wrong the first time ?
Having a leadership that secretly wanted the project to fail.
Choosing a single very big target 2 GW.
Relying on second rate consultants.
Not thinking enough about phase.
![Page 77: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
What we are doing wrong now
Moving in the wrong direction.
Going to full scale with inadequate small scale measurements.
Not understanding ‘off-the-shelf’ components and materials
because investors give launch date priority over reliability.
Trying to survive loads above those at the economic limit.
Using the wrong installation equipment.
Having sharp corners.
Not reporting failures to one another.
Not thinking enough about phase.
![Page 78: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Moving in the wrong direction.
![Page 79: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Going to full scale with inadequate small-scale measurements.
![Page 80: Chia Po Lin EWTEC Lisbon 1995. PhD Thesis Edinburgh University](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649f275503460f94c3e8c4/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)