chi presentation
TRANSCRIPT
Comparison for Causes of Cancer and Treatment on an International Level
Daniel LeUNMC College of Pharmacy
Data of Low and Middle Income Countries
• Very limited amount of population are covered by cancer registries
• Harder to access the area for studies so it reduces the data
Infectious Disease
• Infectious disease is common due to poor living conditions
• Infection will causes more co-morbid diseases
• Mask cancer • Makes cancer harder to
treat
Infectious Disease takes priority
• In some countries Infectious disease is the worse problem
• Limited Resources, and therefore goes to curing infection
• Worry more about clean water and living situations
Type of Cancer by region
• Oral cancer = South Central Asia
• Liver cancer = Sub-Saharan Africa
• Bladder cancer = Northern Africa and Western Asia
• Stomach cancer = South America
Reasons of Variations
• Environmental factors• Racial/ethnic factors• Genetics• Diet• Geographical factors, – Green Spaces– Fresh Air– Toxic exposures
Nutrition
• More Western Diet• More fats in food• Increase in obesity,
diabetes, heart disease, and cancer
• Over half of the cancer around the world are link to high fat foods and smoking
Nutrition Education
• Increase fruits and vegetables
• Reduces animal foods• Limit alcohol• Limit smoking• Reduces the amount of
sodium in diet
Risk factor in Low Income Countries
• Lifestyle: such as smoking
• Occupation are usually more dangerous, radiation exposure, pollution in water
• Pollution in the air
Challenges• Harder to find hospital that
will do diagnostic testing • Supplies for treatment and
prevention harder to find in rural areas
• Education rates are lower• Information about the
harm of smoking is limited • Vaccines are not
administered at young age
Vaccines
• Childhood vaccines of Hepatitis B can prevent liver cancer
• HPV vaccinations can prevent cervical cancer
• Influenza vaccines can help prevent flu, which might mask cancer signs
Lack of Training
• Many third world countries have smaller amounts of doctor and nurses to population ratio
• Many doctors do not specialize in oncology
Lack of Resources
• Few Surgeons that are train in cancer surgery
• Many countries cannot afford radiation supply and equipment
• Fewer choices of chemo drugs
Government
• With limited budget government cannot help much
• Healthcare is only a portion of what the government can use money for
How Can We Help?
• Inform low income countries the danger of cancer
• How they are at a disadvantage for adequate treatment
• Look into changing priority and how it can
More Help
• Look into charity, perhaps public health assistance
• Look at solutions that can be meet the demand but does not take up much opportunity cost
• Create immunization center
Resources
• Global Health Education Organization• World Health Organization • International Network For Cancer Treatment