Chemistry 2411:Chemistry 2411:Organic Chemistry IOrganic Chemistry I

Dr. Caroline ClowerDr. Caroline Clower

Spring 2014Spring 2014

Introduction to the courseIntroduction to the course

Role/check majors/id no showsRole/check majors/id no shows

Attendance sheetAttendance sheet

Short Syllabus / Syllabus on webpageShort Syllabus / Syllabus on webpage

Course webpageCourse webpage

CHEM 2411 Lab:CHEM 2411 Lab:

Starts January 23 (introduction and safety)Starts January 23 (introduction and safety) If taken previously and passed, don’t retake If taken previously and passed, don’t retake

(see department head)(see department head)

Index CardsIndex Cards Index cards:Index cards:

NameName MajorMajor Plans after graduationPlans after graduation Job/hours work per weekJob/hours work per week Hobbies, etc.Hobbies, etc. Previous experience with organicPrevious experience with organic Grade you plan to earn in this classGrade you plan to earn in this class Anything else?Anything else?

ChemDraw Std 13.0ChemDraw Std 13.0

You will need this program for both You will need this program for both lecture and laboratory.lecture and laboratory.

To download the program, go to To download the program, go to http://sitesubscription.cambridgesoft.chttp://sitesubscription.cambridgesoft.com/sitelicense.cfm?sid=2560om/sitelicense.cfm?sid=2560

Use Internet Explorer or FirefoxUse Internet Explorer or Firefox Use your CSU email to log on and Use your CSU email to log on and

follow instructions to download the follow instructions to download the programprogram

What is organic chemistry?What is organic chemistry?

The study of the compounds of The study of the compounds of carboncarbon

What did you do this What did you do this morning?morning?

ThalidomideThalidomide

Synthesized in 1954Synthesized in 1954 Derivative of Valium and barbitalDerivative of Valium and barbital Used as sedativeUsed as sedative Apparently low toxicityApparently low toxicity Caused deformities in newbornsCaused deformities in newborns

N

N

O

O O

O

H

What will we learn about What will we learn about thalidomide in this class?thalidomide in this class?

StructureStructure Functional groupsFunctional groups NomenclatureNomenclature Physical propertiesPhysical properties ReactivityReactivity How do these reactions occur How do these reactions occur

(mechanisms)(mechanisms) The chemical reason for its therapeutic The chemical reason for its therapeutic

activity and side effectsactivity and side effects

N

N

O

O O

O

H

General chemistry topics to General chemistry topics to reviewreview

Chapter 1: sections 1-5Chapter 1: sections 1-5 Chapter 2: sections 1-3, 7-9, 12Chapter 2: sections 1-3, 7-9, 12

Atomic structureAtomic structure pp++, n, n00, e, e--, atomic number, isotopes, etc., atomic number, isotopes, etc. Orbitals, shapes of Orbitals, shapes of ss and and pp orbitals, nodes orbitals, nodes

Electronic structure of the atomElectronic structure of the atom Electron configurations (C = 1sElectron configurations (C = 1s222s2s222p2p22)) Valence electronsValence electrons

Chemical BondingChemical Bonding Ionic, covalentIonic, covalent Sigma bondsSigma bonds Bond strength and lengthBond strength and length

General chemistry topics to General chemistry topics to reviewreview

Covalent BondsCovalent Bonds ElectronegativityElectronegativity Bond polarityBond polarity Dipole momentsDipole moments Inductive effect (learn this term if you don’t already Inductive effect (learn this term if you don’t already

know it)know it) Formal chargesFormal charges

General chemistry topics to General chemistry topics to reviewreview

Acids and BasesAcids and Bases Brønsted-Lowry definitionBrønsted-Lowry definition Conjugate acids and basesConjugate acids and bases KKaa and pK and pKaa (and relation to acid strength) (and relation to acid strength) Strong acids have weak conjugate basesStrong acids have weak conjugate bases Lewis acid definitionLewis acid definition

Interactions between molecules (intermolecular Interactions between molecules (intermolecular forces, noncovalent interactions)forces, noncovalent interactions) Dipole-dipoleDipole-dipole Hydrogen bondingHydrogen bonding Dispersion (van der Waals forces)Dispersion (van der Waals forces)

General chemistry topics to General chemistry topics to reviewreview

Lewis (electron dot) structures and line-bond Lewis (electron dot) structures and line-bond structuresstructures

Typical number of bonds:Typical number of bonds: H = 1H = 1 C = 4 (never 5!!)C = 4 (never 5!!) N = 3N = 3 O = 2O = 2 Halogen (X) = 1Halogen (X) = 1

Lone pairs (nonbonding electrons):Lone pairs (nonbonding electrons): N = 1 lone pairN = 1 lone pair O = 2 lone pairsO = 2 lone pairs X = 3 lone pairsX = 3 lone pairs

Draw these structures…Draw these structures…

CC22HH66

CHCH44OO CC33HH66 (contains C=C) (contains C=C) CC44HH1010 (multiple possible answers) (multiple possible answers)