chemical reaction types

13
Chemical Reaction Types

Upload: zizi

Post on 04-Jan-2016

87 views

Category:

Documents


1 download

DESCRIPTION

Chemical Reaction Types. We will study these five general types of reactions: synthesis decomposition single displacement double displacement combustion . Once you know these reaction types, you will be able to look at the reactants of a reaction and predict what products will be formed. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Chemical Reaction Types

Chemical Reaction Types

Page 2: Chemical Reaction Types

Chemical reaction types

• We will study these five general types of reactions:

• synthesis • decomposition• single displacement• double displacement• combustion.

Once you know these reaction types, you will be able to look at the reactants of a reaction and

predict what products will be formed.

Page 3: Chemical Reaction Types

Synthesis: two simple substances combine to form a more complex one.

The general form is: element + element compound

2Na + Cl2→ 2NaCl

4Fe + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3

Page 4: Chemical Reaction Types

SYNTHESIS

More Examples:

2H2 + O2 2H2O

4Al + 3O2 2Al2O3

Ca + Cl2 CaCl2

Page 5: Chemical Reaction Types

Decomposition: a complex substance breaks down into two simple substances.

The general form is: Compound element + element

2H2O → 2H2 + O2

H2CO3 → H2O + CO2

Page 6: Chemical Reaction Types

DECOMPOSITION

More Examples:

2HgO 2Hg + O2

2KClO3 2KCl+ 3O2

Page 7: Chemical Reaction Types

The general form is:

element + compound compound + element

• Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2

• 2Na + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2

Single displacement: a single element replaces an element in a compound.

Page 8: Chemical Reaction Types
Page 9: Chemical Reaction Types

SINGLE REPLACEMENT

More Examples:

Zn + Cu(NO3)2 Cu + Zn(NO3)2

Cu + 2 AgNO3 2Ag + Cu(NO3)2

Mg + 2HCl H2 + MgCl2

Page 10: Chemical Reaction Types

The general form is:

compound + compound compound + compound

• MgCO3 + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2CO3

• 2KCl + Pb(NO3)2 2KNO3 + PbCl2

Double displacement: different atoms in two different compounds replace each other.

Page 11: Chemical Reaction Types

DOUBLE REPLACEMENTMore Examples:

AgNO3 + NaCl AgCl + NaNO3

NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O

Ba(NO3)2 + Na2SO4 BaSO4 + 2NaNO3

Page 12: Chemical Reaction Types

The general form is:

hydrocarbon + oxygen carbon dioxide + water

• CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O

• C7H16 + 11O2 7CO2 + 8H2O

Combustion: a hydrocarbon (molecule containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms) reacts with oxygen. The products of combustion are always carbon dioxide and water.

Page 13: Chemical Reaction Types

COMPLETE COMBUSTION

Example:

2CH4 + 4O2 2CO2 + 4 H2O