chemical hazard & safety the basic chemical hazard classification

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CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

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Page 1: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY

THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Page 2: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

CLASSIFY CHEMICAL HAZARD

The hazard of a chemical needs to be classified for the safe handling, storage, transportation and disposal of toxic chemicals & hazardous wastes

Page 3: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

WHY CLASSIFY THE HAZARD?

Rapid determination of the hazardous substance present and the evaluation of the potential threat to people and the environment;

Determine actions that are needed to isolate the hazardous substance and prevent injury or death;

To prepare for safe transportation to storage area or disposal facility; and

Identify the best place for disposal of the toxic and hazardous waste.

Page 4: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION Use of qualitative analysis to

classify hazard into one of 9 Categories

The 9 Categories are those used internationally on Placards

Identify the toxicity or toxicological properties of the toxic hazardous wastes

Page 5: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

9 HAZARD CATEGORIES

Class 1 - Explosives Class 2 – Flammable Gases Class 3 – Flammable/Combustible Liquids Class 4 – Flam. Solids/Dangerous When

Wet Class 5 – Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides Class 6 – Toxic Materials/Infectious

Substance Class 7 – Radioactive Materials Class 8 – Corrosive Materials Class 9 - Miscellaneous

Page 6: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

CHEMICAL & PHYSICAL TERMS

Common Chemical Terms:Product: Unused chemicals with known

characteristics. Provided in Material Safety Data Sheets

(MSDS)Non-Product: Used chemical (spent), or Wasted into unknown situations, or When mixed with other unknown wastes,

no longer has known characteristics. It is now a hazardous waste

Page 7: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

CHEMICAL & PHYSICAL TERMS(continued)

Hazardous Substances: Any hazardous chemical elements or compounds or hazardous wastes or a combination of the above.

Physical Properties:• Color• Physical State: liquid, solid, or

gaseous

Page 8: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

CHEMICAL & PHYSICAL TERMS(continued)

Chemical Characteristics:• Acid/Base (pH)

–Burns skin, corrodes metal• Flammability/Combustibility

–Fire–Explosion

• Reactivity–Air, water, moisture, with other

materials

Page 9: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

CHEMICAL & PHYSICAL TERMS(continued)

• Water Solubility– Water pollution

• Flash Point– Vapor ignite at certain

temperature• Boiling Point

– Indication of physical state– Vapor concentration at given

temperature

Page 10: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

SUMMARY

• Classify the toxic hazardous wastes for:

– Protection of human health• Workers, people, food

– Protection of the environment• Water, vegetation, air, soil

– Safe handling, storage, transportation and disposal of toxic hazardous wastes

Page 11: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

SEGREGATION AND SEPARATION OF TOXIC & HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

Page 12: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

WHY SEGREGATE AND SEPARATE?

• Safety– Transportation (trucks, rail boxes)– Shipping– Storage (warehouse, storerooms, temporary

indoors or outdoor areas)• Reduce hazardous & toxic materials’ harm

– To citizens– To environment– To workers

• International system apply (GHS)

Page 13: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Segregation & Separation Using International Labels

• Separated & segregated based on IWIC, ICAO or similar systems

• Labels: found on “small things” - packages– Labels look like Placards, except

• Labels are smaller (1/3 the size of Placards)• Labels are on boxes, cylinders, drums and

bottles– Labels indicate the hazard the same as those in

the Placards• Placards are on trucks, rail cars – “big things”

Page 14: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION
Page 15: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION
Page 16: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Segregation of Hazards

• Concept: Do not place one hazard in the same place as another hazard

• Example: flammable with toxic gas

Page 17: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

The Segregation & Separation Chart

Page 18: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Mixing Group A with Group B may cause Heat Generation & Violent

Reaction

Group 1-A Group 1-B

Acetylene Acid Sludge

Alkaline Caustic Liquids Acid Water

Alkaline Cleaners Battery Acid

Alkaline Acidic Liquids Chemical Cleaners

Caustic Waste Water Etching Acid Solutions

Lime Sludge Picking Liquor

Lime Waste Water Spent Acid Solutions

Spent Caustics Acid Materials

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Mixing Group A with Group B may cause Heat Generation & Violent

Reaction

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Group 2-A Group 2-B

Aluminum

Any Waste in Group 1-A

or 1-B

Beryllium

Calcium

Lithium

Potassium

Sodium

Zinc Powder

Reactive Metals

Metal Hydrides

Page 20: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Mixing Group A with Group B may cause Fire Explosion, Heat & Toxic

Gases

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Group 3-A Group 3-B

Alcohols Any concentrated wastes

Water From Groups 1-A or 1-B

Any compounds Sodium Metal

containing water Calcium Metal

Lithium Metal

Potassium Metal

Metal Hydrides

SO2Cl2+ SOCl2+ PCl2

Water Reactive Wastes

Page 21: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Mixing Group A with Group B may cause Heat Generation & Violent

ReactionGroup 4-A Group 4-B

Alcohols Concentrated Group 1-A

Aldehydes Or with Group 1-B

Chlorinated Solvents

Nitrated Hydrocarbons

Hydrocarbons Group 2-A

Organic Solvents

Gasoline, Diesels, Fuels

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Page 22: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Mixing Group A with Group B may cause Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) gas

or Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) gas

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Group 5-A Group 5-B

Spent Cyanide Solutions

Group 1-B Wastes

Spent Sulfide Solutions

Page 23: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Mixing Group A with Group B may cause Fire Explosion, or Violent Reactions

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Group 6-A Group 6-B

Chlorates Acetic Acid

Chlorine Organic Acids

Chlorites Mineral Acids

Chromic Acid Group 2-A wastes

Hypochlorites Group 4-A wastes

Nitrates Flammable Wastes

Nitric Acid Combustible wastes

Perchlorates

Permaganates

Peroxides

Strong Oxidizers

Page 24: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Storage Recommendation Segregation/ Separation

Compressed Gas CylinderStorage Area

Flammable Gas Cylinder

Non Flammable Gas Cylinder

Page 25: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Flammable Storage Area

Corrosive Storage Area

Page 26: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Radioactive Storage Area

Poison Storage Area

Oxidizer Storage Area

Etiological/Infectious

Page 27: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Water Reactive AreaOrganic Peroxide Storage Area

Spontaneously CombustibleDangerous When Wet

Page 28: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Explosive Storage Area

Page 29: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION
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Page 32: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Low Hazard Storage Area

Unlabeled low hazard materials (e.g., combustible lubricant or oil) and certain labeled low hazard materials (e.g., lime, label ORM-B) may be stored in a general purpose facility or area

Page 33: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Additional Storage Recommendation Material with more than one hazard (e.g., flammable and

poison) should be stored in an area designed to store both types of hazard.

Compressed gas cylinders are preferably stored out of doors, protected from the ground beneath and direct sunlight.

Separation/ segregation should e by physical means (walls) where possible.

Other regulated materials (ORM) should be stored in an area designated for primary hazard of the material (e.g., flammable aerosol, ORM-D, should stored as a flammable liquid).

Storage area must meet standard requirements for the hazard.

Page 34: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Mixing of Incompatible Chemicals can be DisastrousIncompatible Mixtures

Procedures

Ammonia + Bleach = Noxious FumesAcids +Cyanides = Poison GasFlammable liquid +Hydrogen Peroxide = Fire/ExplosionAcid + Oil or Grease = FireMEKP+ Any Contamination = Heat/GassingAcids + Caustics = Heat/SpatteringCaustics + Epoxies = Extreme HeatChloride Gas + Acetylene = Explosion

Page 35: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

The consequence of these reaction may result in personal injury, death, property damage, and adverse environmental impact.

Avoid mixing incompatible chemicals Separate/ segregate incompatible chemicals When in doubt, consult supervisor.

Page 36: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION
Page 37: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Flammable Liquid

Flammable material can: Burn rapidly Give off intense heat Produce heavy smoke Spread rapidly to other areas.

Some chemicals evaporates making the work area unsafe…flammable

Evaporation is increased by elevated temperatures.

Page 38: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Corrosive Some chemicals will

breakdown into corrosive/ poisonous gases/fumes

Applies to hazardous materials labeled: TOXIC, POISON, RADIOACTIVE, ETIOLOGIC AGENTS and others.

Corrosive materials can burn your skin eyes.

Page 39: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Toxic/Poison

Principal Hazards Poisoning Fire Environmental

contamination

Fumes, vapors and dust pass quickly into the bloodstream from the lungs

Page 40: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Explosive Some chemicals will

EXPLODE in the presence of heat or flame.

Hazardous materials such as Flammable Liquids and Compressed Gasses can react like explosive materials.

Page 41: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Water Reactive Spontaneously Combustible

Flammable solid include water-reactive and spontaneously combustible materials.

Water-reactive materials are likely to become spontaneously flammable or to give off flammable or toxic gasses when in contact with water.

Spontaneously combustible materials are likely to burn

Page 42: CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Thank You !!!