che bien khi - chuong2 - gian do pha

8/11/2019 Che Bien Khi - Chuong2 - Gian Do Pha

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CNG NGH

CH BIN KH

Trng i hc Cng nghip

TS. Nguyn Mnh Hun


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Cng nghchbinkh

Gin pha v ng dng trongch bin kh

Gin pha in hnh cho n cht trong h ta P, V, T, gm

Hnh II.1. Gin pha P-V-T cho n cht


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I. Trng thi pha ca n cht trong h trc p sut- nhit

Hnh II.2. S trng thi pha ca n cht

trong h trc P - T

Cc ng HD, HC v FH:ccng cn bngH: im ba pha

FH:pha rnc ththnghoathnh kh

HD: ng cn bng giapha rn v lng (ng boha rn lnghoccn bngrnlng).

HC: ng cn bng hi lng, ng p sut hi,ng im bong bnghayng im sng.C- im ti hn vi nhit

ti hn (Tc)v p sut ti hn(Pc).


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Hnh II.3. Ap sut hi ca n-parafin theo im si chun


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II. Gin pha ca h a cu t

Hnh II.4. Gin pha in hnh cho h acu t

Mt s k hiu:Cricondenbar- im N.Cricondentherm- im M.Vng thoi ha (ngng t

ngc).ng cht lng - % hi cnh, qua C v song song ving bong bng v ng imsng.ng to bong bng - 0% hi

ng im sng - 100% hi.ng ABDE: qu trnh ngng tngc ng


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III. 1Tc ng ca thnh phn h.

Hnh II.5. nh hng cathnh phnln bao phaca h metan-propan.

Hnh II.6. V tr qu tch tihn ca mt s h nh

nguyn

metan + propan: thnh

phn nh hng n dng

v v tr ca bao pha.Qu tch ti hn - ngni tt c cc nh cabao pha, bt u t Cca metan n C propan


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III.2 nh hng ca tp cht

Hnh II.7. nh hng caCO2, H2v N2ln bao pha

ca kh thin nhin

a) CO2

c) N2

b) H2S

P

T

P

TP

T

Cc tp cht phihydrocarbon: nc, CO2,H2S v N2.

Nc c p sut hi boha thp v khng trn lntrong hydrocarbon lng

khng nh hng lndng bao phanh hng ca CO2,H2S v N2:

+Thm lng CO2 vH2S: pha cht lng dy

c s c hnh thnh p sut thp+ Etan, propan v butan:

tng t.+ N2: gim kh nng

trn ln.


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Cng nghchbinkh


IV. 1 ng dng ca gin pha trong ch bin kh

Hnh II.8. ng dng bao pha biu din cc

loi ging du, kh

Ging (1):ging du en: ch di bo ha. Ti im im bongbng: hn hp du v kh bo ha.Ging (2): ging du nh: bn triim C.T l kh : du > b du en (1).Du c mu sng hn.Ging (3): gia C v M : b kh-condensat: gim Pto cht lng,

vn tc kh c th b thay i .Tiim sng: thnh phn kh trongging kh c th thay i.Ging (4): kh thc: trn imcridentherm: cht lng khng th tothnh bt c p sut no.


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Hnh II.9. Cc bao pha c trng cho 4 loiging du- kh

IV. 2 ng Bao Pha


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IV.3 ng dn p sut cao

Hnh II.10. ng dn p sut cao

I v J : iu kin T v P tiu vo ng v ra khi ng.IJ ct ng im sng:

c cht lng hnh thnhTrnh to cht lng trongng dn kh bng hai cch:

+ Loi phn nng trongkh

+ Thay i iu kin u

vo v ra khi ng: IJ MN


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IV.4 Bm Cht Lng

Hnh II.11. Bm Cht Lng

B

C

A

...

P

T

Lng

Hi

ng p sut hi


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Cng nghchbinkh

Hng s cn bng pha

I. nh ngha:

- L i lng c trng cho s phn b cc cu tgia cc pha trong iu kin cn bng

Ki = yi/xi

- L hm s phc tp ca p sut, nhit v thnhphn ca cc pha cn bng trong h.

Trng hp l tng: Ki = Pi/P (nh lut Raoult Dalton)

Phng php tnh hng s cn bng pha:+ Bng phng php gii tch+ Bng phng php th


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Hng s cn bng pha

II. Phng php gii tch tnh hng s cn bng pha

-Benedict Webb Rubin

-Redl ich Kwong

-LeeErbar Edm ister

-Kalasnicow - Kl imenco


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Hng s cn bng pha

III. Phng php th tnh hng s cn bng pha

STT Phngphp lchtrung bnh (%)

1

2

3

4

5

NGPA

Neyrey

Rzaca

Winn

Myers v Lenoir

8.5

7.8

9.3

10.0

7

C h h bi kh


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Hng s cn bng pha

IV. ng dng hng s cn bng pha

1. Xc nh im bong bng

2. Xc nh im sng

3. Xc nh im chp chy

4. Xc nh pha ca hn hp (lng, hi,)

C h h bi kh


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Hng s cn bng pha

V. Bi tp:

Xc nh hng s cn bng pha theo phng php Neyrey

Nhm % Cut

C1 C2 C3 n-C4 n-C5

Ttc 0.8645 0.0486 0.0472 0.0212 0.0185

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