Name: ______________________________

Chapter 2 Assignment1. What is an organelle

2. Look at the table below. The left column has a list of organelles. In the centre column, fill in the function of each organelle. In the right column, state whether the organelle is found in animal cells, plant cells, or both types of cells.

Organelle Function(s)Found in animal cells,

plant cells, or both

cell membrane

cell wall

cytoplasm

nucleus

nuclear envelope

vacuole

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

rough endoplasmic reticulum

ribosomes

Name: ______________________________

Golgi apparatus

lysosome

mitchondria

chloroplast

3. Why do cells need membranes?

4. Explain the function of proteins in the cell membrane and list some examples of substances that require proteins to move into the cell.

5. Explain how the fluid – mosaic model of the cell membrane gives the cell certain advantages.

6. Fill in the parts of the following cell membrane diagram.

Name: ______________________________

7. How does the cell membrane regulate which particles enter and leave the cell?

8. What is meant when the cell membrane is referred to as semi-permeable?

9. The following questions are a review of the particle model of matter learned in previous studies. Use the following word bank to complete the questions in the space provided.

Particles (atoms) Slowly VibrateHigh or Low In motion Faster

a. All matter is made up of ____________.

b. Particles that make up matter are always ____________.

c. In a solid substance, particles may ___________ but remain in a fixed position.

d. Particles in a liquid move ____________ than the particles in a solid.

e. When a liquid is cooled, its particles move more ____________.

f. Diffusion is the movement of particles from a region of ____________ concentration to a

region of ____________ concentration.

10. For each scenario, identify what is “diffusing” and explain why. Use scientific terminology.

Name: ______________________________

a. You open the window and smell the fragrant flowers in the garden.

b. You finish painting a picture and decide to take a break. You dunk your paintbrush into some clean water. When you return, you notice that the water has turned green.

11. What is the relationship between temperature and the rate of diffusion? Why?

12. What is passive transport and identify the three types.

13. Oxygen and carbon dioxide are able to cross the cell membrane by passive transport. What is passive transport and why is it called passive?

14. How is osmosis different from diffusion?

Low Weak Hypotonic

(2% Solute)

High Strong Hypertonic

(10% Solute)

Name: ______________________________

Look at the diagram below. The solutions on either side of the semi-permeable membrane are of different concentration.

Whenever you have two solutions separated by a semi-permeable membrane, you have an osmotic system. Living cells exist in an osmotic system. The solutions in an osmotic system are given the following specific names to indicate their relative concentrations.

15. A hypertonic solution has a low ___________concentration but a high ____________ concentration.

16. A hypotonic solution has a low ___________ concentration but a high____________ concentration.

17. Isotonic solutions have ____________________________________.

18. Consider a paramecium (single celled water organism) living in a freshwater lake.a. Do solutes within the cell make it isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic to the lake water?

b. If the cell membrane around the paramecium make it semi-permeable (that is, permeable to water, but impermeable to solutes), will water diffuse into or out of the paramecium?

c. Hypothesize how a paramecium would deal with this situation.

Name: ______________________________

19. What is facilitated diffusion, why is it necessary to the cell and what are some of the substances that are facilitated across the cell membrane?

20. Explain what active transport is and give an example.

21. Cells are not limited to using only one process to move materials across their membranes. Review the following diagrams. Describe the different types of transport that are shown.

Name: ______________________________

22. Fill in the blanks on the diagram, using the following terms. You may have to use a term more than once.

Cell membrane vesicle phagocytosis exocytosis

solid Solute Secreted solute pinocytosis

23. Describe how the process shown in A works.

24. Describe how the process shown in B works.

25. Describe how the process shown in C works.

Name: ______________________________

26. Is endocytosis a type of active transport or passive transport, or neither type of transport? Explain using complete sentences.

27. Explain how water is purified through the process of reverse osmosis.

Use the following diagram to answer the questions below.

28. Why is the membrane in the dialysis machine semi-permeable?

29. If the blood has 0.1 % glucose and the dialysis machine has a concentration of 0.1% is there a concentration gradient?

30. Given the situation in #41, one could expect glucose will:a. Move from the blood to the dialysis fluidb. Move from the dialysis fluid to the bloodc. Not move at alld. Move in both directions equally