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characteristicsOF SEWAGE

Prepared by: Raphael Nico S. Castaeda

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CHARACTERSTCS

OF SEWAGE

! "ai#Characteristic

Se%a&e:

PhysicalCharacterist

Che'icaCharacterist

(iolo&ica

Characterist

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PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS ) solids that are prese#t o#%aste%ater that 'ay be classi*ed i#to three parts.

Physical Characteri

All the 'atter that re'ai#s as resid+e +po# e,aporatio# at -!/-0/C.

Total Solids 1TS2:

Solids that are 'eas+red as 'l345 %hich is a# appro6i'ate 'eathe sl+d&e that ca# be re'o,ed by pri'ary sedi'e#tatio#.

Settleable Solids

Sa#d5 silt5 roc75 pipe %or7 debris5 colloids5 pla#t 'aterials a#d o%ater i'p+rities.

S+spe#ded Solids 1SS2 a#d FilterableSolids 1FS2

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Temperature: Co''o#ly hi&her tha# that s+pply. 8epe#di#& o# the &eo&raphic locatio'ea# a##+al te'perat+re ,aries i# the ra#&to 9-/C %ith a# a,era&e o$ -/C.

Density: Al'ost the sa'e as the de#sity o$%he# the %aste%ater does#;t i#cl+de sii*a'o+#t o$ i#d+strial %aste.

Turbidity: the a'o+#t o$ s+spe#ded partic

sa'ple %hich ca+se clo+di#ess or the 'eas

Other PhysicalCharacteristics

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COLOR:

So'eti'es the color t+r#s pi#7 d+e to al&ae

i#d+strial to6ic co#ta'i#atio#.

Other PhysicalCharacteristics

SEWAGE DURATIO IPLACE

COLOR

Fresh Waste%ater 4i&ht (ro%#ish Gra

With ti'e 8ar7 Gray

!"re time #$a%&

Ch i l

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CHE!ICAL CHARACTERISTICS< are characteristics o$ se

a=ects its che'ical properties a#d co'positio#.

Che'icalCharacteristics

Or'ani% !atter: Che'ical co'positio# that are deri,ed $ro'

pla#ts a#d 'a# acti,ities.

ORGAIC !ATTER PERCETAGE

CO!POSITIOProtei# >?

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"eas+re'e#t o$ Or&a#ic "atter: "a#y para'eters ha+sed to 'eas+re the co#ce#tratio# o$ or&a#ic 'atter%aste%ater. The $ollo%i#& are the 'ost co''o# +sed

Che'icalCharacteristics

(ioche'ical

o6y&e#de'a#d1(O82

Che'icalo6y&e#

de'a#d 1CO82

Ch i l

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Che'icalCharacteristics

(ioche'ical o6y&e# de'a#d 1(O82

The (O8 o$ the se%a&e is the a'o+#t o$ o6y&e# the bioche'ical deco'positio# o$ biode&radable 'atter +#der aerobic co#ditio#s. The o6y&e# co#process is related to the a'o+#t o$ deco'posable'atter. The &e#eral ra#&e o$ (O8 obser,ed $or ra- to > '&34.

Che'ical o6y&e# de'a#d 1CO82 The CO8 &i,es the 'eas+re o$ the o6y&e# re@+ire

che'ical o6idatio#. t does #ot di=ere#tiate bet%o6idisable a#d #o#o6idisable 'aterial. Ho%e,er5 tthe CO8 to (O8 does #ot cha#&e sii*ca#tly $or%aste a#d he#ce this test co+ld be +sed co#,e#ie

i#terpreti#& per$or'a#ce ecie#cies o$ the treat'&e#eral5 the CO8 o$ ra% se%a&e at ,ario+s places

Ch i l

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In"r'ani% !atter: Chlorides5 Nitro&e#5 Phosphor+s5 S#or&a#ic co'po+#ds 1copper5 lead5 sil,er5 chro'i+'5boro#25 a#d Hea,y "etals 1Nic7el5 Cad'i+'5 i#c5 iro#

Gases: N95 O95 CO95 H9S5 NH!5 CH>are the 'ai# &ases

co#cer# %ith %aste%ater treat'e#t.

pH -P".er "/ Hydr"'en0:The hydro&e#

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(iolo&icalCharacteristics

#ACTERIA

PROTO1OA (UGI

2IRUSES

ALGAEPATHOGEIC

!ICROORGAIS!

#IOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS ) 'icroor&a#is's

prese#t i# the se%a&e that 'ay ha,e $actors a=ecti#treat'e#t. The 'ai# &ro+ps o$ 'icroor&a#is's are th