chapters 1 – 6 summary · social structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapters 1 – 6 Summary
Sociology 101
Spring, 2017
Prof. Fisher
![Page 2: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Chapter 1 THINKING LIKE A SOCIOLOGIST
• Key terms
– Sociology
– Sociological Imagination
• POET = Population, Organization,Environment,Technology
![Page 3: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Four Paradigms,
– Functionalist
– Conflict
– Feminist
– Symbolic Interaction
• Macro
• Micro
Chapter 1 THINKING LIKE A SOCIOLOGIST
![Page 4: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• Functions are purposes and activities to meet different needs that contribute to a society’s stability.
• Manifest functions are intended and recognized.
• Latent functions are unintended and unrecognized.
• Dysfunctions have negative impacts.
Chapter 1 THINKING LIKE A SOCIOLOGIST
![Page 5: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Chapter 2EXAMINING OUR SOCIAL WORLD
• Method – how we do sociological research– Tradition: We’ve always done it that way
Mystical awareness
– Authority: an important source said soNaïve Awareness
– Scientific method: careful data collection and measurement, appropriate generalizations
Critical Awareness
![Page 6: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Scientific method: a research process that includes:
• careful data collection,
• exact measurement,
• accurate recording and
• analysis of findings,
• thoughtful interpretation of the results, and
• appropriate generalizations
Chapter 2EXAMINING OUR SOCIAL WORLD
![Page 7: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• Data Collection
– Secondary Analysis
– Content Analysis
– Field Research
• Observation
• Participant Observation
• Survey
• Interview
– Experiment
Chapter 2EXAMINING OUR SOCIAL WORLD
![Page 8: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Basic Ethical Considerations:
• Do no harm.
• Get the subjects’ informed consent.
• Protect subjects’ confidentiality.
Chapter 2EXAMINING OUR SOCIAL WORLD
![Page 9: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Chapter 3Culture
• Culture vs. Society
• Material vs. Non-material
• Symbol
• Values
• Norms – Folkways, Mores, Laws
• Sanctions
• Ethnocentrism vs. Cultural Relativism
![Page 10: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Process of Cultural Transmission and Change
• Discovery
• Invention
• Innovation
• Diffusion
Cultural Lag
Chapter 3Culture
![Page 11: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Chapter 4Socialization
• What is socialization?
• Nature vs. Nurture
• Social Learning Theory
– Direct
– Indirect
• Age and Socialization
• Looking Glass Self
![Page 12: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• Agents of Socialization
• Reference Groups
• Parenting Style –
– Authoritarian,
– Authoritative,
– Permissive,
– Uninvolved
• Resocialization
Chapter 4Socialization
![Page 13: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Social Interaction The process by which we act toward and react to people around us
Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships
Status Social position that a person occupies in a society
Role The behavior expected of a person who has a particular status
Social Construction (Symbolic Interactionism) Perception of reality is a creation of the social interaction of individuals and groups.
Chapter 5Interaction
![Page 14: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• Status
– Status Set
– Ascribed v. Achieved Status
– Status Inconsistency
• Role
– Role Set
– Role Strain v. Role Conflict
Chapter 5Interaction
![Page 15: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• Functionalist – Emile Durkheim– Social Integration
• Conflict– Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels– Alienation
• Symbolic– Max Weber– Status as a function of education, power, kinship– Self fulfilling prophecy– Goffman and Dramaturgical Analysis
Chapter 5Interaction
![Page 16: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
• Social Group– Primary Group
– Secondary Group
• Social Network– Dyad, Tryad, Network
– Sociogram – star, isolate, un-chosen,etc.
• In-group v. out-group
• Reference group
Chapter 6Groups and Organizations
![Page 17: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
• Formal Organizations
• Amatai Etzioni’s organizational types
– Normative - Voluntary
– Coercive
– Utilitarian
• Bureaucracy
Chapter 6Groups and Organizations
![Page 18: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
• Functionalist
– Manifest, Latent and Dysfunction
• Conflict
– Discrimination
– Glass Ceiling (feminist)
• Symbolic
– Formal and informal elements in organizations
Chapter 6Groups and Organizations
![Page 19: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
• Social Institutions
– Family, economy, politics, education, religion (for example)
Chapter 6Groups and Organizations
![Page 20: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Chapter 15Population
• Demographic EquationPop2 = Pop1 + Births – Deaths + In Mig – Out Mig
• Population growth rate
• CBR
• CDR
• Infant Death Rate
• Life Expectancy
• Sex Ratio
• Migration
![Page 21: Chapters 1 – 6 Summary · Social Structure organized pattern of behavior that governs people’s relationships Status Social position that a person occupies in a society Role The](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022050120/5f501ef7dff1746fc03fefbb/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• Malthusian theory
• Demographic Transition model
– Preindustrial
– Early industrialization
– Advance industrialization
– Post Industrialization
Chapter 15Population