chapters 1-13 ap test review questions

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapters 1-13 AP Test Review Questions

The Cultural Landscape: An Introduction to Human Geography


Question 1: LanguageThe Indo-European language family

includes the major languages of Europe and those dominant in all the following regions EXCEPT

a. Russia

b. Germany

c. Iran

d. Eastern and South Australia

e. Central Asia


E


Question 2: Basic Vocabulary

Which of the following is an example of a cultural landscape?

a. Coastal rain forest

b. Cloud base below a mountain

c. Ancient ruins

d. Receding glaciers

e. Erosion of farmland


C


Question 3: Chp. 4 Culture

Which of the following is the belief that one’s own culture is the best or better than other cultures?

a. Ethos

b. Stereotyping

c. Acculturation

d. Ethnocentrism

e. Pluralism


D


Question 4: Political Geography

The European Union is an example ofa. Supranationalislm

b. Nationalism

c. A fragmented state

d. A unitary state

e. Nation-state


A


Question 5: Ethnicity

Which of the following is an example of Balkanization?

a. Greece

b. Hungary

c. Kosovo

d. Yugoslavia

e. Lithuania


D


Question 6: Population Which of the following is a correct statement about the demographic transition model? a.It predicts the population growth of Bulgaria

b.It is characterized by relatively low growth rates at stage 1 and stage 4.

c.It divides the demographic changes of a country into 2 stage of slow growth and high growth.

d.It predicts growth of population over 5 stages.


B


Question 7: Development

Which of the following sectors of the economy has grown the fastest in the U.S. since the mid-1970s?a.Service

b.Agriculture

c.Retail

d.Manufacturing

e.Military


A


Question 8: Agriculture

India is most associated with which of the following types of agriculture?

a. Truck farming

b. Plantation agriculture

c. Slash-and-burn cultivation

d. Rice cultivation

e. Dairy farming

Figure 13-1


E


Question 9: Political GeographyCulturally defined political boundaries, such as those determined by the spatial patterns of religion or language, are called?a.Consequent

b.Geometric

c.Relic

d.Natural

e.antecedent


A


Question 10: MigrationThe first wave of immigrants to the U.S. during the 19th century came froma.Asia and Latin America

b.Italy, Russian, and Poland

c.England, Ireland, and Germany

d.Sweden, Norway, and Slovakia

e.Africa and Oceania


C


Question 11: AgricultureWhat is industrial agriculture?

a. Slash and burn cultivation

b. Organic farming

c. Transhumance

d. Shift from the family farm to current stage of commercial agriculture (fertilizers, irrigation, GMOs, Green R.)

e. Truck farming


D


Question 12: Language

What is a lingua franca?a. Any language used as a common means of

communication, esp. in trade or business transactions, in an area where several different languages are spoken

b. A system of communication through the use of speech, a collection of sounds understood by a group of people to have the same meaning.

c. The language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents


A



Which are two reasons for the current rate of diffusion of English as a lingua franca?

a.GIS overlays comparing various languages and GPS navigation

b.Global communications and tourism

c.Political alliances and supranationalism


B


Question 14: Services All of the following were crucial to the

emergence of the first cities EXCEPTa.An agricultural surplus

b.A stratified social system

c.Labor specialization

d.A system for food storage and distribution

e.Separation of the ruling system and the religious system


E


Question 15: Urban PatternsWhich of the following is true of an edge

city?a. It is located on the edge of a lake, river, or

other physical feature

b. It is close to foreclosure.

c. It is an outlet for a region’s trade.

d. It is increasingly used for heavy industry.

e. It has a large amount of recently developed retail and office space.


E


Question 16: AgricultureWhat is an integrated commodity chain?a. Products (grain feed, meat, vegetable, dairy,

etc.) that are interconnected.

b. Products that are the result of the Green Revolution.

c. Products produced and approved by the certified U.S. organic farming label.

d. Products which are approved by dietary and religious considerations.


A


Question 17: Industry

What is the new industrial division of labor?

a.Turning over much of the production to independent suppliers.

b.Selective transfer of some jobs to LDCs.

c. Where a company controls all phases of a highly complex production process.

d.Turning over problems to a team to figure out themselves how to perform a task.


B


18. What Urban Model is this? a. Multi-nuclei b. Latin American c. Peripheral d. Concentric

Figure 13-4


D


19. What urban model is this? a. mutli-nuclei b. concentric c. sector d. Latin American e.

peripheral

Figure 13-5


C


20. What urban model? a. Mutli-nuclei b.

Concentric c. Peripheral d. Sector e. Latin American

Figure 13-6


A



What is shifting cultivation? a. Farming methods that preserve long-term

productivity of land and minimize pollution.

b. Slash-and-burn cultivation – clear fields by slashing vegetation and then burning debris.

c. A large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in 1 or 2 crops for sale in an LDC but owned by an MDC.

d. A flooded field for growing rice.


B


Question 22: IndustryWhat is an agglomeration?a.Adoption by companies of flexible work rules.

b.Firms with related or similar products locate together in clusters or regions.

c. A decision by corporations to turn over much of the responsibility for production to independent suppliers.

d.Transfer of some types of jobs from MDCs to LDCs.


B


Question 23: Urban Patterns

The following are criticisms of the 3 urban models EXCEPT

a.Models may be too simple

b.Models may be outdated (1918-1945)

c.Models studied together are of no use.

d.None of the models completely explains

why different types of people live in distinctive parts of the city


C


Question 24: IndustryWhat is a bulk-reducing industry?a.Manufacturing based in homes rather than

in a factory.

b.An industry for which labor costs comprise a higher percentage of total expenses.

c.An industry in which the final product weighs more or comprises a great volume than the inputs.

d.None of the above


D


25. What urban city pattern is shown below? a. sector b. Latin American c. peripheral

d. segment e. concentric

Figure 13-10


A



What is a nation-state?a.State that contains more than one ethnicity.

b.State that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination.

c. State whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity.

d.A culture group that is not included or allowed to share in the state political process.


C



The HDI or Human Development Index contains these factors EXCEPT

a.One economic factor

b.Two social factors

c. One demographic factor

d.One political factor


D



The following are positives of the urban city models EXCEPT

a.If they are combined rather than independent, they help geographers

b.Helps geographers explain where urban sprawl is most likely.

c.Models say: most people prefer to live near others who have similar characteristics


B



The following countries are examples of

Andorra, Bahrain, Grenada, Monacoa.Confederations

b.Micro-states

c. Judicial unions

d.Free-trade unions

e.Exclusive economic zones


B



All of the following statements support the situation of European cities EXCEPT

a. Poor are in suburbs

b.Often there is a ban on vehicles in the historical sections of CBDs

c.Vertical geography allowed in the CBD

d.Wealthy located in sector extending from the center

e.Lack of services plague the suburbs


C



Which of the following is not an European example of Supranationalism?

a.North Atlantic Treaty Organization

b.United Nations

c. North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement

d. International Monetary Association

e.World Bank


C



Fisheries, mining, and timber are types of economic production that are part of the

a.Primary sector

b.Secondary sector

c. Tertiary sector

d.Quartenary sector

e.Quinary sector


A



Cohen’s Shatterbelt Theory predicted that armed conflicts after 1950 would likely occur in areas of

a.Former Communists countries of Russia

b.Middle East or Inner/Outer Fertile Crescent

c. Northern Hemisphere

d.South Asia

e.Southeast Asia


B


Question 34: Basic ConceptsThe theory of environmental determinism

generalizes a region’s culture as being shaped by

a.The combined influences of physical geography of the region

b.Access to waterways for transport

c. The population’s choice of staple food crop

d.The dominant religion of the region

e.People’s ability to live sustainably


A


Question 35: Religion

All of the following are branches or denominations of Islam EXCEPT

a.Shia

b.Sunni

c. Sufism

d.Quranism

e.Hinduism


E



European colonial policies left a heavy mark on the development of cities in LDCs EXCEPT

a. A mall for the wealthy to stroll upon

b. Colonial cities

c. Public housing

d. Spine extending to the mall as a wealthy sector

e. After Independence cities


C



Jerusalem is considered a holy place by all of the following religions EXCEPT

a.Catholicism

b. Protestantism

c. Islam

d. Hinduism

e. Judaism


D



Secondary industries such as fish canneries and lumber mills where manufacturing is dependent on a single natural resource tend to be located

a. Dispersed near consumer retail locations in a decentralized pattern

b. Centralized close to natural resource locations

c. Centrally within consumer market regions

d. Dispersed near wholesale distribution centers


B


Question 39: PopulationThe relationship between Malthus’s theory of

population & the Green Revolution is best historically characterized by the following

a. Green Rev. agricultural technologies have increased food production, extending global carrying capacity & decreasing the overpopulation predicted by Malthus.

b. Green Rev. theorists ideologically rejected Malthus and were not accepted until the late 20th century by Neo-Malthusians.

c. Malthus predicted the Green Rev. & his inventions would allow for larger global population.


A



Which of the following countries is the best example of a current theocracy?

a.China

b.Greece

c. Great Britain

d. Iran

e.Turkey


D



Which level of development is a First world country?

A. High level development – MDCs with some upcoming LDCs in Stage 3 at brink of Stage 4.

B. Communist countries with hard-line states (Cuba and North Korea)

C.Countries with mainly agricultural and resource-based economies.

D.States that are in crisis (Afghanistan, Syria)

E. States that lack a functioning economy (Somalia)


A


Question 42: From the 2 population pyramids below, what can we deduce about

these countries?

a. Country A is slow-growing and country B is growing quickly

b. Country A is likely is in the Third World and B in the Firstc. Country A has a low percentage of dependent population

and Country B has almost no dependentsd. Country A is a shrinking population and Country B has

stable population growth.

A B


B



• 1st ring - religious core• 2nd – businesses• 3rd – food products, blacksmiths, basket makers,

potters• 4th – Jews, Christians, foreigners• (Islamic or Aztec religion in power)

The following points above describe what kind of Latin American city? a. Colonial b. pre-Colonial c. Concentric d. After Independence


B


Question 44: Population + Migration

The long-term demographic effect of the One-Child Policy in China has been

a.Large-scale out-migration of Chinese to foreign countries

b.Reduction of the totally fertility rate below the replacement rate

c. Mass rural to urban migration

d.Smaller total population of China


B


Question 45: Countries that would fall into Stage 2, are characterized as:

a. Service based

b. Heavy industrial

c. Agricultural

d. High technology

e. Post-industrial


C


Question 46: The point where population growth would at its highest rate

be? a. The beginning of

Stage 1

b. The end of Stage 3

c. The line between Stage 1 and Stage 2

d. The line between Stage 2 and 3


B


Question 47: Which stage did the Agricultural Revolution begin?

a. Stage 1

b. Stage 2

c. Stage 3

d. Stage 4


A


Question 48: What stage of the demographic transition had the highest

immigration from Europe to USA?

a. Between Stage 3 and 4

b. Between Stage 2 and 3

c. Between Stage 1 and 2


B


Question 49: Which stage did the Industrial Revolution begin?

a. Stage 1

b. Stage 2

c. Stage 3

d. Stage 4


B


Question 50: During which stage did immigration from Africa to Europe occur in

the 1960s?a. Stage 2

b. Stage 3

c. Stage 4


B



What is extensive land use in agriculture?a.Large amounts of labor, capital, fertilizers,

high agro-chemicals, and large quantities of land are needed resulting in a higher yield (Green Revolution).

b.Uses small amounts of labor, capital, fertilizers, and smaller land area resulting in a lesser yield (organic).


A


Question 52: This population pyramid best represents a/an ____?

a. Military base

b. Edge city

c. College town

d. Retirement town

e. Stage 3 country


C


Question 53: This picture best represents which type of Latin American city?

a. Pre-colonial cityb. After

independencec. Colonial cityd. Squatter

settlemente. Ziggurat


A



The staple crop of the Andean culture hearth of the Inca people wasa.maize (corn)

b.Potatoes

c.Yams

d.Manioc

e.Wheat


B (Inca) – (Aztec = Corn)



• Spanish: Mexico City• French: Fez, Morocco• French: Saigon, Vietnam (Ho Chi Minh)• British: Delhi, India

The cities above are examples of what type of cities? a. Pre-Colonial b. Colonial c. Cities after Independence


B



Which of the following is a list of newly industrialized countries or NICs?a.Brazil, Mexico, India

b.Kenya, Zambia, Tanzania

c.Russia, Ukraine, Poland

d.United States, Great Britain, France

e.Japan, South Korea, Taiwan


A



A global religion founded on the principle of polytheism isa.Judaism

b.Zoroastrianism

c.Christianity

d.Islam

e.Hinduism


E


Question 58: Population

• The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) isa.The estimated # of children born to each

mother during a 1-year period

b.The difference between crude birth rates and crude death rates divided by 10

c. The estimated # of children born to each female of birthing age (15-45)

d.The total # of children each female given birth in the previous 10-year period


C


Question 59: PoliticalThe political geographic concept of the “state” is defined asa.Population and defined area controlled by an organized government

b.A sub-unit of a federal system such as the US or Brazil

c.A population represented by a single culture

d.A population with a single culture and single government


A


Question 60: Basic ConceptThe borders of American South or “Dixie”

as a culture region area.Defined by the locations of all NASCAR races

and country music radio stations

b.Poorly-defined fuzzy borders which overlap other American culture regions

c. A finite political boundary which surrounds the Civil War-era Confederate states

d.Defined by the planting range of agricultural products like peanuts and cotton


B


Question 61: Basic Concepts

The concept of “place” in human geography can be best defined asa.A location on the Earth’s surface with a distinctive characteristic

b.A point formed by the intersection of two or more transportation lines

c.A point where a natural resource is located

d.A sub-unit of a region composed of villages or small town


A


Question 62: Political

An example of a nation without a representative state would bea.Greek

b.Egyptians

c.Panamanians

d.Indonesians

e.Kurds


E



What is found at the 0 degree latitude?a.Prime meridian

b.International Date Line

c.Absolute location

d.Equator

e.Relative location


D



A functional region is defined asa.Area based upon a perception

b.Node that focusses on a point of origin

c.Point or place on the map compared to a known place or geographic feature

d.Measure of distance

e.Succession of groups and cultural influences through a place’s history


B



A point of origin or place of innovation isa.Toponymn

b.Absolute location

c.Relative location

d.Hearth

e.Situation


D


Question 66: What urban model is depicted below?

Figure 13-14

a. Peripheral modelb. Latin American cityc. Concentricd. Sectore. Multiple-nuclei


B



Physiological density measuresa.The number of people per square unit of arable land

b.The number of things per square unit of distance

c.The number of people per square unit of land actively under cultivation

d.The number of clustering purposely around a central point


A



In order for a country to double in size, the natural increase rate must be divided into what number?a.10

b.70

c.1,000

d.2.1

e.20


B


Question 69: PopulationIn order to figure out the Natural Increase Rate you must a.Subtract the birth rate from the death rate and divide by 100

b.Subtract the death rate from the birth rate and divide by 20

c.Subtract the birth rate from the death rate and divide by 10

d.Subtract the death rate from the birth rate and divide by 10


D



Which religion adheres to the Five Pillars of Faith?

a.Muslim

b.Hindu

c.Christian

d.Buddhist

e.Judaism


A


Question 71:Urban Patterns

The picture best depictsa.MDC urban sprawl

b.MDC European city

c.LDC Squatter settlement

d.MDC Megalopolis


C



An Exclusive Economic Zone isa.Sovereign territory which includes the area of sea out to the 12-nautical-mile limit.

b.Total economic rights from shore out to the 200-nautical-mile-limit

c.Technically outside of the 12-mile limit where cruise ships can open their casinos

d.Beyond the 200 mile limit, international fishing fleets can hook or net whatever ocean life they catch


B



Arithmetic density is the # of people per square unit of land. Which country has the highest arithmetic density?a.Australia

b.India

c.Nepal

d.United Kingdom

e.United States


B



What political concept is shown here?

a.Exclave

b.Assimilation

c. Gentrification

d.Filtering

e.Gerrymandering


E


Question 75:Services

What concept is being shown?

a.Circular rural settlement

b.Clustered rural linear

c. Dispersed rural


B


Question 76: ServicesEarliest urban settlements

were found in all of these countries EXCEPT

a.Egypt

b.China

c.Italy

d.Germany

e. Greece


D


Question 77: What cultural hearth did sheep

originate?

a. Africa

b. Fertile Crescent

c. South America

d. Southeast Asia

e. Russia


B



Identity with a group of people who share a legal attachment and personal allegiance to a particular country is

a.Ethnicity

b.Nationalism

c.Self-determination

d.Nationality


D



A collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few difference in grammar and vocabulary is

a.Language group d. Official language

b.Language family

c.Standard language


A



The picture represents which kind of farming?

a.Slash and burn

b.Pastoral nomadism

c. Intensive subsistence with wet rice

d.Nomadism

e.Transhumance


C



The picture conveys the concept of ghettos as found in

a.Buddhism

b.Shintoism

c. Christianity

d.Judaism

e. Islam


D



Bangladesh as of 2012 would be classified as in which stage of the Demographic Transition Model?

a. Stage 1

b. Stage 2

c. Stage 3

d. Stage 4


B


Question 83: CultureThe Amish began in

Switzerland and eventually settled in Pennsylvania which indicates

a.Hierarchical diffusion

b.Relocation diffusion

c. Expansion diffusion

d.Contagious diffusion


B



The shape of Iceland is

a.Elongated

b.Compact

c.Prorupted

d.Perforated

e.Fragmented


B



The picture conveys which farming principle?

a.Sustainable

b.Subsistence

c.Green Revolution

d.Truck farming


A


Question 86: ReligionReligion is spread

by what kind of diffusion?

a.Hierarchical

b.Relocation

c.Contagious

d.Expansion

e.All of the above


E


Question 87: Services

The diagram illustrates

a.Population momentum

b.S Curve

c.Bid-Rent Curve

d.Gravity Model


C



Germany’s population pyramid indicates

a.Stage 1

b.Stage 2

c. Stage 3

d.Stage 4


D



The picture explains

a.Urban sprawl

b.Arithmetic density

c.Physiological density

d.Relocation diffusion


B



Language spoken by the largest # of people on Earth is

a.Hindi

b.English

c.Chinese/Mandarin

d.Arabic


C


Question 91: Early in the settling of the

Midwest, the rectangle shape land areas were a. Purchased from

Midwest state governments

b. Created by the USA government

c. Created by Territorial governments

d. Created Bureau of Indian Affairs


B



Which religion has the most adherents?a. Islam

b.Buddhism

c. Christianity

d.Judaism

e.Hinduism


C


93. Absolute or Relative Distance?

The map of D.C. with the yellow urbanized area is shown as an absolute or relative distance?


Relative Distance

Absolute distance is linear.

Relative distance is measured as farther away, giving the larger view of D.C. and the surrounding area.


Question 94: Industry: The map of Europe shows industrial areas. Which is not?

a. Mid-Rhine

b. Po Basin

c. Rhine-Ruhr Valley

d. Northeastern Spain

e. Yangtse River Valley


E


Question 95 : Political

A boundary lines that exist from prehistoric times are called

A.Antecedent

B.Relic

C.Subsequent

D.Superimposed

E.Physical


A



Former state boundaries that still have political or cultural meaning are:

a. Antecedent

b. Relic

c. Subsequent

d. Superimposed


B



Cultural boundaries area.Boundaries between nations, ethnic

groups, or tribes

b.Natural boundaries – rivers, lakes, oceans

c. Boundaries surveyed mostly along lines of latitude and longitude

d.Boundary lines that exist from prehistoric times


A


Question 98: Migration

The most important intraregional migration trends for MDCs are

a.Rural to urban areas

b.Cities to suburbs

c. Suburbs to rural

d.East Coast to West Coast


B



A Federal State allocatesa.Strong power to units of local government

within the country

b.Places most power in the hands of central government officials

c. Redrawing of boundaries due to Electoral Geography

d.Three types of voting: excess, stacked, and wasted


A



Inner City Physical Issues include all EXCEPT

a.Filtering

b.Redlining

c. Eroding tax base

d.Urban renewal

e.Public housing


C



Reasons for declining birth rates includes all EXCEPT

A.Improving local economic conditions

B.Contraception

C.Free clinics

D.Education

E.Epidemiologic data


E



Rostow’s modernization model is concerned with which of the following concepts?

a.Dependency

b.Structuralism

c. Core-periphery relations

d.Economic development

e.neocolonialism


D



What is a footloose industry?a. Suppliers send parts to assembly plants on an as-needed

basis.

b. Businesses whose locations are not tied to resources, transportation, or consumer locations.

c. Services dependent on the relationship between variable cost and revenue surfaces


B



What is the largest economy in the world currently?

a.China

b.USA

c. European Union

d.Russian Federation

e. India


C



What countries make up the Four Asian Dragons/Tigers?

a.South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, Hong Kong

b.China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia

c. South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, Japan

d.South Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong, China


A


Question 106: Culture

The Creole culture found in and around the Caribbean and Golf of Mexico is a mix of the following influences

a. Anglo-American and Mexican

b. Asian, Africa, and European

c. Native American, African, and European

d. European, Asian, and Native American


C


Question 107: The following pictures portrays?

a. Redlining

b. Urban renewal

c. Filtering

d. Gentrification

e. Blockbusting


B


a. Destroying the social cohesion of older

neighborhoods

b. Reducing the supply of low-cost

housing

c. “Negro Removal” during 1960s

d. USA and Europe have turned away

from urban renewal late 1970s

e. None of the above

Question 108: Urban: Which is NOT a criticism of urban renewal?


E


Question 109: Urban

Public housing includes all BUTa. For low-income people who must pay 30% of their income for rent

b. Mortgage companies manage the buildings

c. Accounts for only 1% of all USA housing

d. USA stopped funding

e. Hope VI gives families rent $ for private housing


B



• Which of the following religions originated in northern Indian and then spread across central and SE Asia, Indonesia, and Japan?

a.Hinduism

b.Buddhism

c. Islam

d.Taoism e. Judaism


B


Question 111: Basic Concept

Longitude isa.The angular distance north or south of the

prime meridian.

b.The angular distance east or west of Greenwich, England

c. The angular distance north or south of the equator.

d.Useful in determining relative location.

e.Useful in describing a place’s situation.


B


a. Filtering

b. Blockbusting

c. Gentrification

d. Urban renewal

e. redlining

Question 112: Urban: The pictures is an example of?


C


Question 113: What kind of map is displayed?

a. Choropleth

b. Isoline

c. Dot distribution

d. Symbol

e. Classification

Figure 13-16


C



The following are reasons for the 2008 Recession EXCEPTa.Housing market collapse – primarily inner city

b.First-time buyers were given mortgages without proper credit check

c.House prices fell, worth less than in earlier years

d.Redlining


D


Question 115: Foreclosures in Baltimore are a result of what?

• a. Urbanization• b. Urban sprawl• c. City to suburb

migration• d. Recession of

2008• e. Gentrification

Figure 13-18


D



The religious practices of some Native American groups combine elements from their traditional religion and from Christianity. This is an example ofa.Cultural complex

b.Cultural confluence

c.Counter culture

d.Diametric culture e. Cultural syncretism


E


Question 117: Urban: Which idea is not correct about current urban facts?

a. 50% in suburbs

b. 30% in cities

c. Continuation of urban renewal

d. 20% in rural

e. Hope VI is replacing Public Housing


C


Approximately how long did it take for Eurasian hunter-gatherers to reach the tip of South America after their initial arrival in Alaska?a.500 years

b.2,000 years

c.5,000 years

d.20,000 years e. 40,000 years

Question118: Population


B


Question 119: Urban:

Process of legally adding land area to a city is:

a.Gentrification

b.Annexation

c.Redlining

d.Filtering

e.Blockbusting


B


Figure 13-19


The study of the interaction between human cultures and natural ecosystems is calleda.Cultural ecology

b.Semiotics

c.Cognitive science

d.Linguistics

e.sociobiology


A


Question 121: Urbanized areas in the USA contain all BUT

a. Central city

b. Squatter settlements

c. Contiguous built-up suburbs

d. Edge cities

e. Sprawl where population density exceeds 1,000 persons


B


Question 121: All of the following explains what an MSA is EXCEPT

a. The area of influence of a city extends beyond legal boundaries and suburbs.

b. U.S. State Department created MSAs as a method of measuring the functional city area

c.MSA: 50,000, the county within which the city is located, adjacent counties with a high density

d.Includes Urban sprawl

e. Includes annexed areas


C – U.S. Census Bureau


Question 122: Basic Facts

The word “geography” literally means

a.The study of space

b.Earth study

c.People and nature

d.Earth writing

e.Human ground


D


Question 122 : Services

This is a definition for? Cities that fall at the point on a river where ocean-going ships cannot sail farther upstreama.Gateway cities

b.Fall cities

c.Entrepots

d.Megalopolis

e.Conurbation


B



Syncretism means

a.Population cartogram

b.North Pole and South Pole are the center of the map

c.When 2 or more culture traits converge to form something new

d.Mental map


C



Rap culture first appeared in NYC in the 1970s. Later, it spread to large cities with vibrant African-American populations without being absorbed by the smaller cities and rural areas-in-between. This type of spatial diffusion is calleda.Relocation c. contagious

b.Hierarchical d. in determinant


B


Question 125: PopulationPopulation pyramida.Shows the age and sex structure of a population

b.Cannot be used to compare two different countries.

c.Demonstrates the demographic transition model

d.Only accurately depicts declining populations

e.Is most useful in illustrating social upheaval


A



In an address to the 1994 UN International Conference on Population and Development, India argued that, although population growth has placed pressure on the world’s natural resources, ____ by industrialized nations has also had extreme consequences for environmental quality.

a.Fiscal policy c. Tourism d. International aid

b.Material consumption e. racism


B


Question 127: Urban

The map best shows the concept of

a.Urbanized area

b. MSA

c.Urban Sprawl

d.Megalopolis

e.Gateway city

Figure 13-20


B – Metropolitan Statistical Area



The idea that our impressions and experiences of the world around us are filtered through the lens of our culture and our individual experiences, which critiques the sort of scientific, universalist grand theories offered by modernists is called

a.Post-modernism d. Reductionism

b.Ecofeminism e. Possitivism

c.Consumptionism


A


Questions 129: Population

The demographic transition model posits a.Advanced industrialized countries will have rapid population growth.

b.Pre-industrial states will have both low birth and death rates.

c.Countries with high levels of economic production will have lower birth rates

d.Undeveloped countries cannot become developed.


C



Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of Balkanization?a.Ethnic divisions

b.Varying levels of economic development within a country

c.External pressures

d.Centripetal forces

e.Strong central government


D



Since 1960, the difference between per capita Gross National Products of the world’s wealthiest countries and the world’s poorest countries hasa.Remained about the same

b.Decreased somewhat

c.Decreased dramatically

d.Increased dramatically e. Increased slightly


D


Question 132: Which model?

a. Hoyt

b. Ford and Griffin

c. Harris

d. Ullman and Harris

e. Burgess


C - Harris



Von Thunen’s model of rural land use is based on which of the following premises?a.Land values decrease farther from the urban center

b.Land values increase farther from the urban center

c.Perishable goods are least valuable

d.Railroads provide fixed transportation costs


A



Which of the following regions has little dairying in its traditional agriculture?

a. Eastern Europe

b.Western Europe

c. South Asia

d. East Asia

e. North America


D



By 2020, most the world’s biggest cities will be located in?a.Western Europe

b.Russia

c.South America

d.Asia

e.Africa


D



Outsourced industrial production in less-developed countries often relies on female labor because

a. Men are engaged mainly in agriculture

b. Wage rates for women are much lower than for men

c. Women are more skilled at operating machinery than men are

d. Social taboos prevent women from working in the service sector


B



The spread of specialty coffee shops across the USA in the 1990s is an example of

a.Hierarchical diffusion

b.Contagious diffusion

c. Stimulus diffusion

d.Periodic movement

e.Relocation diffusion


A



Which of the following is a subsistence crop?

a.Corn

b.Cotton

c. Rubber

d.Cocoa

e.Timber


A



A formal region defines an area in whicha. A core dominates its surrounding hinterland

b. A transportation network links different types of land use

c. There is a uniformity in one or more physical or human characteristics

d. There are significant geographic variations in physical or human characteristics

e. A unified government system has been established


C



It is generally agreed that the current trend in climate change is caused by

a.Sea-level rise

b. Increased use of fossil fuels

c. Reduction in biodiversity

d.Tilt of Earth’s axis

e.Changes in the velocity of ocean currents


B



Since 1960 Brazil, Kazakhstan, Myanmar, Pakistan, and Tanzania have relocated their capital cities. Which of the following statements about the new location is true for all 5 countries?

a.A military strategic location was chosen

b.An isolated location was chosen

c. An ethnically mixed location was chosen

d.A more central location was chosen


D


Question 142: Squatter cities exist in cities of LDCs because

a. City governments set aside vacant areas for new migrants.

b. People want to live near the center of the city where jobs are located.

c. Affordable housing is not available elsewhere for new migrants to the city.

d. New migrants prefer to live in squatter settlements with other recent migrants.


C


Question 143: Geography

The AP Region of South Asia contains all of the following countries EXCEPT?

a. India

b.Nepal

c. Pakistan

d.Myanmar

e.Bangladesh


D



The AP Region of SE Asia contains all EXCEPT

a.Philippines

b.South Korea

c. Indonesia

d.East Timor-Leste

e.Singapore


B



East Asia is comprised of these places EXCEPT

a.Japan

b.China

c. Vietnam

d.North Korea

e.Hong Kong


C



Southwest Asia contains all EXCEPTa. Israel

b.Azjerbaijan

c. Morocco

d.Egypt

e.Togo


E



Sub-Saharan Africa contains all EXCEPT

a.Botswana

b.Eritrea

c.Somalia

d.Lesotho

e.Burundi


B



The vernacular region of the USA called the “rust belt” is found in the

a.Great Lakes

b.Dakotas

c.Pacific Northwest

d.Sunbelt of Southwest

e.Truck farming southeast


A



Environmental laws, labor availability, and access to markets are major factors affecting which of the following?

a.Political affiliation

b.Gross domestic product

c. Property tax rates

d.Manufacturing locations

e.Transportation costs


D



Identity with a group of people that share distinct physical and mental traits as product of common heredity and cultural traditions is

a.Nationality

b.Ethnicity

c. Race

d.Self-determination


B



In LDCs, currently, the migration trend isa.Rural to urban

b.Urban to suburban

c. Suburban to CBD

d.Suburban to urban sprawl

e.CBD to edge cities


A



Zelinsky’s model positsa.11 laws or characteristics of migrants

b.Migration follows the demographic transition model

c. Push and pull factors affect immigration

d.Centrifugal and centripetal forces affect migration

e.Net-in migration is a positive sign for a state


B



Latin America is made up of all of these countries EXCEPTa.Guatemala

b.Sri Lanka

c.Dominican Republic

d.Brazil

e.Cuba


B



Modern day English was formed by the following tribes EXCEPTa.Angles

b.Saxons

c.Goths

d.Jutes


C



Oceania contains the following countries EXCEPTa.Tasmania

b.New Zealand

c.Australia

d.Borneo


D


Entrepot: port city in which goods are shipped in at one price and shipped out to other

ports at a higher price – profitable trade

• Singapore• Hong Kong• Dubai


Gateway Cities: places where immigrants make their way into a country

• NYC• Miami• Toronto• Vancouver, B.C.• Rotterdam• Hamburg


Megacity: metropolitan city with more than 10 million people

1. Tokyo

2. NYC

3. Mexico City

4. Mumbai

5. Sao Paulo

6. Delhi

7. Shanghai

chapters 1-13 ap test review questions

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