chapter09: internet and new information technology infrastructure

9.1 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

99

THE INTERNET AND THETHE INTERNET AND THE

NEW INFORMATIONNEW INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY

INFRASTRUCTUREINFRASTRUCTURE

Chapter


• What is the new information technology (IT) What is the new information technology (IT) infrastructure for business? Why is infrastructure for business? Why is connectivity so important in this connectivity so important in this infrastructure?infrastructure?

• How does the Internet work? What are its How does the Internet work? What are its major capabilities?major capabilities?

• How can organizations benefit from the How can organizations benefit from the Internet?Internet?

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 9 The Internet and the New information Technology InfrastructureChapter 9 The Internet and the New information Technology Infrastructure

OBJECTIVES


• What are the principal technologies for What are the principal technologies for supporting electronic commerce and electronic supporting electronic commerce and electronic business?business?

• What management problems are raised by the What management problems are raised by the new information technology (IT) infrastructure? new information technology (IT) infrastructure? How can businesses solve these problems?How can businesses solve these problems?

OBJECTIVES



• Taking a broader perspective on Taking a broader perspective on infrastructure developmentinfrastructure development

• Selecting technologies for the new Selecting technologies for the new information technology (IT) information technology (IT) infrastructureinfrastructure

MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES



The New Information Technology (IT) Infrastructure for the Digital Firm

Enterprise NetworkingEnterprise Networking

• Arrangement of organization’s hardware, Arrangement of organization’s hardware, software, network, and data resources software, network, and data resources

• Creates a company-wide network linking Creates a company-wide network linking many smaller networksmany smaller networks

InternetworkingInternetworking• Links separate networks into an Links separate networks into an

interconnected networkinterconnected network


Enterprise Networking and Internetworking




The New Information Technology (IT) Infrastructure

Figure 9-1



ConnectivityConnectivity

• Measures how well computers and computer-Measures how well computers and computer-based devices communicatebased devices communicate

Open SystemOpen System

• Software systems Software systems

• Operate on different hardware platformsOperate on different hardware platforms


Standards and Connectivity for Digital Integration



Models of Connectivity for NetworksModels of Connectivity for Networks

• Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)Protocol (TCP/IP)

• Open Systems Interconnect (OSI)Open Systems Interconnect (OSI)

• 802.11b802.11b

• BluetoothBluetooth


Standards and Connectivity for Digital Integration




(TCP/IP) Reference Model

Figure 9-2


The Internet: Information Technology Infrastructure for the Digital Firm

Internet Service Provider (ISP)Internet Service Provider (ISP)

• Commercial organization with a permanent Commercial organization with a permanent connection to Internet connection to Internet

• Sells temporary connections to Sells temporary connections to subscriberssubscribers


What is the Internet?



Information applianceInformation appliance

• Device customized to perform few Device customized to perform few specialized computing tasks with minimal specialized computing tasks with minimal user effortuser effort


Internet Technology and Services




Client/Server Computing on the Internet

Figure 9-3



Electronic Mail (E-Mail)Electronic Mail (E-Mail)

• Connects people worldwide Connects people worldwide

• Creates productivity gainCreates productivity gain

LISTSERVLISTSERV

• On-line discussion groupsOn-line discussion groups

• Uses e-mail broadcast from mailing list servers Uses e-mail broadcast from mailing list servers


Internet Tools for Communication




Analysis of an Internet Address

Figure 9-4



ChattingChatting

• Live, interactive conversations over public Live, interactive conversations over public networknetwork

Instant messagingInstant messaging

• Chat service Chat service

• Allows participants to create their own private Allows participants to create their own private chat channels chat channels





TelnetTelnet

• Network tool Network tool

• Allows users to log on to one computer Allows users to log on to one computer system while working on anothersystem while working on another

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

• Tool for retrieving and transferring files from a Tool for retrieving and transferring files from a remote computerremote computer





Internet2Internet2

• Research network with new protocols and Research network with new protocols and transmission speeds transmission speeds

• Provides an infrastructure for supporting Provides an infrastructure for supporting high bandwidth Internet applicationshigh bandwidth Internet applications


The Next Generation Internet and Internet 2


The World Wide Web

• Based on a standard hypertext language Based on a standard hypertext language called hypertext markup language (HTML)called hypertext markup language (HTML)

• Combines text, hypermedia, graphics, and Combines text, hypermedia, graphics, and soundsound

• Handles all types of digital communication Handles all types of digital communication

• Uses graphical user interfaces for easy Uses graphical user interfaces for easy viewingviewing


Overview


The World Wide Web

Search EngineSearch Engine

• Locates specific sites or information on InternetLocates specific sites or information on Internet

Shopping BotShopping Bot

• Software with varying levels of built-in Software with varying levels of built-in intelligenceintelligence

• Helps electronic commerce shoppers locate Helps electronic commerce shoppers locate

and evaluate products or services and evaluate products or services


Searching for Information on the Web


The World Wide Web

““Push” technologyPush” technology

• Obtains relevant information on networks Obtains relevant information on networks

MulticastingMulticasting

• Transmission of data to a selected group of Transmission of data to a selected group of recipientsrecipients


Searching for Information on the Web


The World Wide Web

FirewallFirewall

• Hardware or software placed between an Hardware or software placed between an organization’s internal network and external organization’s internal network and external network network

• Prevents outsiders from invading private Prevents outsiders from invading private networksnetworks

ExtranetsExtranets

• Private intranets extended to authorized users Private intranets extended to authorized users outside company outside company


Intranets and Extranets


The World Wide Web


Model of an Extranet

Figure 9-5


The World Wide Web

• Web-based applications Web-based applications

• Enables users to access digital information Enables users to access digital information from the Internet from the Internet

• Wireless Web Standards:Wireless Web Standards:

– Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)– WML (Wireless Markup Language)– Microbrowser– I-mode– M-Commerce Challenges– Voice portals


The Wireless Web


The World Wide Web


Figure 9-6


The World Wide Web


WAP Versus I-Mode

Figure 9-7


The World Wide Web

• Keyboards and screens of cell phones tiny Keyboards and screens of cell phones tiny and awkward to useand awkward to use

• Very slow data transfer speeds Very slow data transfer speeds

• Minimal memory and limited power supplies Minimal memory and limited power supplies in Internet-enabled phones in Internet-enabled phones

• Web content primarily in text with very little Web content primarily in text with very little graphicsgraphics

• Incompatible technologiesIncompatible technologies


M-Commerce Challenges


The World Wide Web

• Connectivity and global reachConnectivity and global reach

• Reduced communication costsReduced communication costs

• Lower transaction costs Lower transaction costs

• Reduced agency costsReduced agency costs

• Interactivity, flexibility, and customization Interactivity, flexibility, and customization

• Accelerated distribution of knowledgeAccelerated distribution of knowledge


Organizational Benefits of Internet and Web Technology


Support Technology for Electronic Commerce and Electronic Business

HitHit

• Entry into Web server’s log file Entry into Web server’s log file

• Generated by each request to the server for a Generated by each request to the server for a filefile

Electronic commerce server softwareElectronic commerce server software

• Provides functions essential for running Provides functions essential for running e-commerce Web sitese-commerce Web sites


Web Servers and Electronic Commerce Servers



• Collecting and storing data Collecting and storing data

• Combining data with already stored dataCombining data with already stored data

• Analyzing the data Analyzing the data

• Identifying customer preferences and Identifying customer preferences and trendstrends


Customer Tracking and Personalization Tools



• Software to facilitate collection, assembly, Software to facilitate collection, assembly, and management of content on Web site, and management of content on Web site, intranet, or extranetintranet, or extranet


Web Content Management Tool



• Monitors time taken for downloading Web Monitors time taken for downloading Web pages pages

• Identifies broken links between Web pages, Identifies broken links between Web pages, Web site problems, and bottlenecks Web site problems, and bottlenecks


Web Site Performance Monitoring Tool



• Company with large Web server computers Company with large Web server computers

• Maintain Web sites of fee-paying Maintain Web sites of fee-paying subscriberssubscribers


Web Hosting Services


Management Issues and Decisions

• Loss of management controlLoss of management control

• Connectivity and application integration Connectivity and application integration challengeschallenges

• Organizational change requirementsOrganizational change requirements

• Hidden costs of enterprise computingHidden costs of enterprise computing

• Scalability, reliability, and securityScalability, reliability, and securitydowntimedowntime


The Challenge of Managing the New Information Technology Infrastructure


Management Issues and Decisions

• Change managementChange management

• Education and trainingEducation and training

• Data administration disciplinesData administration disciplines

• Planning for connectivity and application Planning for connectivity and application integrationintegration


Some Solutions


99

THE INTERNET AND THETHE INTERNET AND THE

NEW INFORMATIONNEW INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY

INFRASTRUCTUREINFRASTRUCTURE

Chapter

chapter09: internet and new information technology infrastructure

Education

internet figure

infrastructure figure

internet work

infrastructure development

information appliance

internet address figure

management problems

digital integration