chapter01 discovering

8/14/2019 Chapter01 Discovering

1/47

Chapter 1Introduction toComputers


2/47

Chapter 1 Objectives

Recognize the importance of

computer literacy

Define the term, computer

Identify the components

of a computer

Discuss the advantages anddisadvantages of using computers

Recognize the purpose of a network

Discuss the uses of the Internet andWorld Wide Web

Distinguish between system softwareand application software

Describe the categories of computers

Identify the elements of an information system

Describe the various typesof computer users

Discuss various computerapplications in society

Next


3/47

A World of Computers

What is computer literacy ?

p. 4-5 Fig. 1-1 Next

Knowledge and understandingof computers and their usesComputers are everywhere


4/47

How is a computer defined?

What Is a Computer?

p. 6

Produces and stores results

Next

Electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory

Processes data intoinformationinformation

Data that is organized,meaningful, and useful

Accepts datadataRaw facts, figures, andsymbols


5/47

What Is a Computer?

What is the information processing cycle ?

p. 6 Fig. 1-2 Next

InputProcessOutput

StorageCommunication


6/47

The Components of a Computer

What is an input device ?

p. 7 Fig. 1-3

Hardware usedto enter dataand instructions

Next

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, ClickWeb Linkfrom left navigation,then click InputDevicesbelow Chapter 1
http://www.scsite.com/dc2007cp/ch1/weblink/


7/47


What is an output device ?

p. 8 Fig. 1-3

Hardware thatconveysinformationto one or morepeople

Next

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, ClickWeb Linkfrom left navigation,then click OutputDevicesbelow Chapter 1


8/47


What is the system unit ?

p. 8 Fig. 1-3 Next

Casecontainingelectroniccomponentsused to processdata


9/47


What are two main components on the motherboard?

p. 8

ProcessorProcessorAlso called a Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The electronic component that interprets and carriesout the basic instructions that operate the computer

Next

MemoryMemoryConsists of electronic components that storeinstructions waiting to be executed and data needed bythose instructions


10/47


What is storage?

p. 8

Storage mediaStorage mediaPhysical material on which data, instructions,and information are stored

Storage deviceStorage deviceRecords and retrieves items to and fromstorage media

Next

Holds data, instructions, and informationfor future use


11/47


What is a floppy disk and USB flash drive?

p. 8 Next

USB Flash DriveUSB Flash DriveProvides much

greater storage

capacity than afloppy disk orZip disk

Small and lightweightenough to be transportedon a keychain or in apocket

Floppy DiskFloppy DiskThin, circular, flexible

disk enclosed in a square-

shaped plastic shellStores up to about 1.4

million characters


12/47


What is a hard disk?

p. 8 Fig. 1-4 Next

Provides greater storagecapacity than afloppy disk, Zip disk, or USB flash drive

Most are housed insideof the system unit


13/47


What is a compact disc?

p. 9 Fig. 1-5 Next

Flat, round, portable metal discCD-ROMDVD-ROM


14/47


What is a communications device ?

Nextp. 9

Hardware component thatenables a computer to

send and receive data, instructions,and information

Occurs over cables, telephonelines, cellular radio networks,

satellites, and othertransmission media

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, ClickWeb Linkfrom left navigation,then click

CommunicationsDevices below Chapter1

Ad d Di d


15/47

Storage Communications

Advantages and Disadvantagesof Using Computers

p. 10

What are the advantages of using computers?

Speed Reliability

Next

Consistency

Ad d Di d


16/47

Advantages and Disadvantagesof Using Computers

p. 10 - 11

What are the disadvantages of using computers?

Next

Violation of

Privacy

Impact on

Environment

Impact on

Labor Force

Health Risks


17/47

Networks and the Internet

What is a network ?

p. 11 Next

Collection of computers and devices connected together

Used to share

Resources

Hardwaredevices Software

programsData

Savestimeand

moneyInformation


18/47


What is a server?

p. 11 Fig. 1-6 Next

A server managesthe resources on anetwork Clients accessthe resourceson the server


19/47


What is the Internet ?

p. 12 Fig. 1-7 Next

Worldwide collection of networks that connectsmillions of businesses, government agencies, educationalinstitutions, and individuals

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, ClickWeb Linkfrom left navigation,then click Internet

below Chapter 1


20/47


21/47


What is the Web ?

p. 12 - 14

A Web site isa collection of

related Web pages

A Web page containstext, graphics, audio,

video, and links toother Web pages

You can shareinformation by

creating Web pagesor posting photos on

a photo sharingcommunity

Next

Billions of documents, called Web pages , available toanyone connected to the Internet

A blog consists of time-stamped articles ina journal format

A podcast isrecorded audio

stored on a Web sitethat can be

downloaded

Click to viewWeb Link,click Chapter 1,Click Web Linkfrom left navigation,then click Blogs belowChapter 1


22/47

Consists of a seriesof instructions thattells the computer

what to do

Computer Software

What is software ?

p. 15 Next

Also called aprogram

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, ClickWeb Linkfrom left navigation,then click Computer

Programs belowChapter 1


23/47

Computer Software

What is a graphical user interface (GUI) ?

p. 15 Fig. 1-10 Next

Allows you tointeract with thesoftware usinggraphics and iconsControls how youenter data and howthe screen displaysinformation


24/47

Computer Software

What is system software ?

p. 15-16

Operating System (OS)Operating System (OS)is a set of programsthat coordinates allactivities amongcomputer hardware

devices and allowsusers to runapplication software

Utility ProgramsUtility Programs allow the user to perform maintenance-type tasksusually related to managing acomputer, its devices or its programs

Next

Programs that control or maintain the operations of thecomputer and its devices


25/47

Computer Software

What is application software ?


PresentationGraphics

Spreadsheet

Database

WordProcessing

Programs that perform specifictasks for users

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, ClickWeb Linkfrom left navigation,then click Application

Software belowChapter 1


26/47

Computer Software

How do you install and run programs?


Step 1: INSTALLWhen you insert a greetingcard program discin the CD drive for the firsttime, the computerbegins the procedure of

installing the greetingcard program on the harddisk.

Step 3: USEThe greeting card programexecutes. Using this program,you can create custom greetingcards.

Step 2: RUNOnce installed, you can

instruct the computer to runthe greeting card program.The computer transfersinstructions from the harddisk to memory.


27/47

Computer Software

What is a programmer?


Someone who developsapplication or systemsoftware

Programmer writes

the instructions todirect the computer to process data intoinformation

JavaScript

Web application


28/47

Categories of Computers

p. 19 Next

What are the categories of computers?Personal Computers

(desktop)

Mobile Computers andMobile Devices

Game Consoles

Servers

Mainframes

Supercomputers

Embedded Computers


29/47

Personal Computers

What are the two most popular series of personalcomputers ?

p. 19 Figs. 1-151-16

Next

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, ClickWeb Link from leftnavigation, then clickPersonal Computers

below Chapter 1

PC and compatiblesuse the Windows

operating system

Apple Macintoshuses the Macintoshoperating system

(Mac OS)


30/47

Personal Computers

What is a desktop computer ?

p. 19-20 Fig. 1-15 Next

Designed so all of the components fit entirely on or under a desk or table

o e ompu ers an o e


31/47

o e ompu ers an o eDevicesWhat is a notebook computer ?


Portable, small enough tofit on your lapAlso called a laptopcomputer Generally more expensivethan a desktop computer

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, ClickWeb Link from leftnavigation, then clickNotebook Computers

below Chapter 1

o e ompu ers an o e


32/47

o e ompu ers an o eDevicesWhat is a Tablet PC ?


Especially useful for takingnotes

Resembles a letter-sized slateAllows you to write on thescreen using a digital pen

o e ompu ers an o e


33/47

o e ompu ers an o eDevicesWhat are mobile devices ?

p. 21 Next

Internet-enabledtelephone is a

smart telephone

Small enough to

carry in a pocket

o e ompu ers an o e


34/47

o e ompu ers an o eDevicesWhat is a handheld computer ?

p. 21 Next

Usedby mobile

employees such asmeter readers and

delivery people

Smallenough to fit

in onehand

o e ompu ers an o e


35/47

o e ompu ers an o eDevicesWhat is a personal digital assistant (PDA) ?


Provides personal organizer functionsCalendar Appointment book

Address book Calculator

Notepad

o e ompu ers an o e


36/47

o e ompu ers an o eDevicesWhat are smart phones ?


A smart phone isan Internet-enabled

telephone that usuallyprovides PDA capabilities


37/47

Game Consoles

What are game consoles ?


Mobile computing device designed forsingle-player or multiplayer video games


38/47

Servers

What types of servers are there?

p. 23 Figs. 1-231-25

Mainframe Very powerful,expensive computer that supportsthousands of computers

Supercomputer The fastest, mostpowerful, most expensivecomputer. Used for applicationsrequiring complex mathematicalcalculations

Next

A server controls access to network resources and provides centralizedstorage

b dd d


39/47

Embedded Computers

What is an embedded computer ?A special-purpose computer that functions as acomponent in a larger product


emen s o an n orma on


40/47

emen s o an n orma onSystemWhat are information system elements?


HardwareSoftwareDataPeopleProcedures

E l f C U


41/47

Examples of Computer Usage

What software is available for a home user ?

p. 26-27 Fig. 1-28 Next

Personal financemanagementWeb accessCommunications

Entertainment

E l f C U


42/47


p. 28 Fig. 1-30

ProductivitysoftwareSpecialtysoftwareWeb usageE-mail

Next

What software is available for a smalloffice/home office (SOHO) user?

E l f C U


43/47

Hardware Notebook computersPDAs

Smart phonesTablet PCs


What is available fora mobile user ?

p. 29 Fig. 1-31

SoftwareWord processingSpreadsheetPresentation graphicssoftware

Next

E l f C U


44/47


What are the needs of a power user ?


Speed and large amounts of storageTypes of power users

EngineersScientistsArchitectsDesktop publishersGraphic artists

E l f C t U


45/47


What are the needs of the large business user ?

p. 30 Figs. 1-331-34

Next

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, ClickWeb Link from leftnavigation, then clickEnterprise Computingbelow Chapter 1

PayrollInventoryE-commerceDesktop

publishing

ompu er pp ca ons n


46/47

ompu er pp ca ons nSocietyWhat are some examplesof computer applicationsin society?

p. 32-36 Figs. 1-361-43

Next

EducationFinanceGovernmentHealthcareSciencePublishing

TravelManufacturing

ummary o Intro uct on to


47/47

ummary o Intro uct on toComputers

Basic computer concepts

The term, computer

The advantages and disadvantagesof using computers

The components of a computer

The purpose of a network

The uses of the Internet

Computer software

Categories of computers

Types of computer users

Computer applications in society

Chapter 1 Complete

chapter01 discovering

Documents