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Chapter Three The World of Jesus 49

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Chapter Three

The World of Jesus

49

Because JesusJesus was a devout, practicing practicing

JewJew we cannot really understand himwithout some understanding of the

Jewish world he lived in,

and the Jewish faith he practiced.

A Brief History of the Jewish

People

1. Pre-History

D. The Flood -- Noah

The FallB. Adam & Eve --

( Not in textbook )

A. Creation of World

C. Cain & Abel

E. Tower of Babel

2. The Patriarchs > Abraham 1900

B.C.E.> Isaac

> Jacob (Israel)- 12 sons (tribes)

- Joseph sold into slavery in Egypt

Pp. 51-52

Canaa

nEgypt

3. In Egypt 1300-1000

A) Joseph in Egypt

B) Famine in CanaanJacob’s sons go down to EgyptC) New Pharoah

enslaves IsraelitesD) Israelites cry out to God

for deliverance

P. 52

4. EXODUSThe central

event of the OT

a) Moses is sent to lead Israel out of

slaveryb) Passover:

blood is sprinkled on door posts

paschal lamb

P. 53-55

1290 B.C.E.

c) Jews escape toward desert

d) pass through Red Sea

Pharaoh’s army is drowned

(Sea of Reeds)

Exodus cont.

Canaa

n

EgyptExodus

e) Mt. Sinai -- COVENANT

Exodus cont.

in wilderness

f) 10 commandmentsg) Forty years of wandering

Pp. 55-56

5. CANAANThe Promised Land - milk and honeya) Jews occupy the

land,b) Idolatry a problemJews worship local

gods

Military leaders sent to deliver Jews from local

tribes

kick out most local tribes

c) Judges

P. 57

Palestine

Canaan

Modern Israel

6. KINGDOM

a) SaulSaul - a “flop” as first king

1000 B.C.E.

c) Solomon (David’s son) builds the

TEMPLE

b) David - the Ideal King

P. 58

JerusalemThe religious, political The religious, political

social center of the social center of the Jewish nation.Jewish nation.

King David’s “capital” city

7. DIVIDED KINGDOM

a) Solomon’s sons split

between northern and southern

kingdoms

P. 60

7. DIVIDED KINGDOM

c) Two kingdoms destroyed (721, 597)

b) era of the

- calling people back to covenant

P. 60

Great Prophets

8. BABYLONIAN CAPTIVITY

leading people, artisans taken as

captives to Babylon

P. 60

b) 597 B.C.E.

a) 587 B.C.E. DestructionDestructionof of

Jerusalem Jerusalem and templeand temple

8. BABYLONIAN CAPTIVITY

c) The “diaspora” = The “dispersion”8. BABYLONIAN CAPTIVITY cont.

Jews who settled in regions outside Palestine during or after Babylonian Exile

P. 60

““African diaspora?”African diaspora?”

Q: What is theQ: What is the

?

9. RESTORATION 538 B.C.E

a) Persians defeat Babylonians,

b) the faithful “remnant” returns to rebuild the temple in Jerusalem

allow Jewish exiles to go home

P. 61

c) No longer any King, but High Priest

10. GREEK DOMINATION300 - 37 B.C.E.

After Alexander the Great,

P. 63

Two generals: in Syria and in Egypt

tremendous

Greek Greek

influence on

influence on

Jewish Jewish

CultureCulture

11. ROMAN DOMINATION

Roman Empire

11. ROMAN DOMINATION

Rome

Palestine**

11. ROMAN DOMINATION

C. Pontius Pilate was a Roman official

B. Jesus lived under Roman rule.

69-73

D. Destruction of Jerusalem 70 C.E.

A. Starting 37 B.C.E.

The oppressed Jews of Jesus’ time dreamed that one day God

would send them

P. 73

Part III: Dreaming of a Liberator

A. a great leader,

C. a military Messiah

to overthrow the Romans

P. 73Part III: Dreaming of a Liberator

B. a new King David

Fr. Al’s Hall of Fame

2. Isaac

3. Israel

1. Abraham Father of the Jews

Son of Abraham, father of Esau/Jacob

a.k.a. Jacob, Father of 12

tribes

5. Moses

4. Joseph (O.T.)

6. Joshua

Son of Jacob, sold into Egypt

Led Israelites out of Egypt - EXODUS

Led Jews into promised land

9. David

8. Saul

7. Judges Military leaders sent to deliver Israelites from

local tribes

First king, a flop

Ideal king, 1000 BCE

10. Solomon

11. Prophet

David’s son. Built first temple

Calls the people back to the covenant

12. Alex. The Great

13. Pontius Pilate

Greatest military empire builder: GREEK EMPIRE

Roman official who ordered the crucifixion of Jesus

Four Places to Know

2. Canaan

4.

Jerusalem

3. Mt. Sinai1.

Palestine

”Paschal Meal”

What’s this:

Pre-historyPatriarchsEgyptExodus CanaanKingdomDivided KingdomBabylonian CaptivityRestorationGreek DominationRoman Occupation

Chapter Three

End of

49