chapter four: the roman legacy culture and values, 7 th ed. cunningham and reich
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter Four:
The Roman Legacy
Culture and Values, 7th Ed.Cunningham and Reich
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The Importance of Rome
Cultural achievements Assimilation of influences
Role of music
Historical division:Monarchy/ Etruscan Age (753-510 B.C.E.)
Republican Rome (509-31 B.C.E.)
Imperial Rome (31 B.C.E. - C.E. 476)
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The Etruscans and Their Art
Rome founded in mid-8th c. by Latins
Etruscans gained control by 616 B.C.E.Urban centers, engineering
Social, leisure activities
Trade, expansion
Etruscan ArtPrimitive but sophisticated, natural focus
Value emotion over intellectual appeal
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The Bride & Bridegroom or Married Couple
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Capitoline She-Wolf
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Apollo of Veii
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[Image 4.4]Wall painting from the Tomb of Hunting and Fishing
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Republican Rome
Etruscan expulsion in 510 B.C.E.
New governmentConsuls, Senate, Patricians/Plebeians
Political equality / Balance of PowerHortensian Law
Increasing power / expansion
Social and political unrest civil war
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The Roman Forum
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Literary Developments During the Republic
Ennius (239-169 B.C.E.)Annals
Tragedies adapted from Greek models
Plautus (254-184 B.C.E.) and Terence (185-159 B.C.E.)
Roman adaptations of Greek comedies
Catullus (80-54 B.C.E.)Roman lyric poetry
Influenced by Sappho
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Quintus Ennius
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Plautus
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Catullus
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Literary Developments During the Republic
Julius Caesar (100-44 B.C.E.)Commentaries
Assassinated on March 15, 44 B.C.E.
Marcus Tullius CiceroLawyer, orator
Epistolary legacy
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Ciceronian RhetoricAlliteration
Allusion
Analogy
Antithesis
Crescendo
Climax
Hyperbole
Juxtaposition
Metaphor
Onomatopoeia
Oxymoron
Personification
Simile
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Roman Philosophy and Law
Epicureanism
Founded by Epicurus (341-271 B.C.E.)
Extolled by Lucretius (99-55 B.C.E.)Intellectual and rational vs. self-indulgent
On the Nature of Things
Gods play no part in human affairs
Pleasure and calm composure
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Roman Philosophy and Law
StoicismWorld governed by Reason
Role of Divine Providence
Roman StoicsSeneca
Epictetus
Marcus Aurelius
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Roman Philosophy and Law
Julius Caesar’s Ius Civile
Law of the Twelve Tablets
Justinian’s Corpus Iuris Civilis
Roman science of lawLegal experts
Natural justice
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Republican Art and Architecture
Roman portraitureRealistic details
Express outer appearance and inner character
Propagandistic
Architecture as political mediumPublic buildings for glory of leaders
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Bust of Cicero
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Imperial Rome (31 B.C.E. - C.E. 476)
Julius Caesar assassinated 44 B.C.E.
Battle of Actium (31 B.C.E.)Octavian vs. Mark Antony
Octavian inaugurated as Augustus (27 B.C.E.)
Vast, multiethnic empire
Emperor, bureaucracy, civil service
Roman army
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Publius Virgilius Maro (Virgil)
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Augustan Literature: Vergil
Roman art promoted Augustan worldviewOfficial, public, served state purposes
Vergil’s AeneidTribute to Rome and Augustus
National epic of Rome
Human destiny and personal responsibility
Eclogues (Bucolics) and Georgics