chapter 9 section 2 the roman republic pages 426 - 434
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 9 Section 2The Roman RepublicPages 426 - 434
![Page 2: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Section Goals
• discuss the factors that helped shaped the development of the Roman republic & a system of laws
• Describe how Rome destroyed Carthage & took control of the Mediterranean region
![Page 3: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 1) What is a
patrician?• Wealthy landowners• Made of most of Rome’s
ruling class
![Page 4: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 2) What is a
plebeian?• artisans, shopkeepers
& owners of small farms
• Plebeians were the majority of Rome’s population
![Page 5: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 3) How was Rome’s
gov’t a tripartite?• A 3 part gov’t
– 1 group ran the gov’t– 1 group made the laws– 1 group acted as judges
• Checks & balances kept one group from getting too strong
![Page 6: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 4) Who were the
consuls?• the top gov’t officials• 2 consuls were chosen
every year – always were patricians
• Had really short terms so they didn’t abuse their power
![Page 7: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 5) What was a
praetor?• Important Roman
officials• Their core task was to
interpret the law & act as judges in court cases
![Page 8: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 6) What was Rome’s
most important legislative body?
• the Senate• A select group of 300
patricians who served for life
• Senate proposed laws, held debates & approved building programs
![Page 9: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 7) What happened to
the plebeians in 494 B.C.?
• Plebeians felt that patricians had too much power
• They went on strike – refused to serve in army & left the city to set up their own republic
• The patricians were concerned & allowed plebeians representation in the gov’t
![Page 10: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 8) What was the
most far-reaching political reform in Rome?
• In 287 B.C. the Council of Plebs was finally allowed to pass laws for all Romans
• This was important because it gave all male citizens equal standing
![Page 11: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 9) What is a
dictator? • A Roman dictator had
complete control over the gov’t but they only ruled for a temporary time during emergencies
• As soon as the danger had past, Roman dictator would give up their post
![Page 12: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 10 ) Who was
Cincinnatus?• Best known early Roman
dictator• Became dictator in 460
B.C. when Rome was facing a powerful enemy.
• Cincinnatus left his farm, gathered an army & quickly defeated the enemy
• Then he gave up his dictatorship & returned to his farm
• Many people admired Cincinnatus for his actions
![Page 13: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 11) What are the
Twelve Tables?• Rome’s first code of laws• The 12 Tables became
the basis for all future Roman laws
• The 12 Tables said that all free citizens had the right to be treated equally by the legal system
• The rule of law is the key ideas that we get from the Romans & remains the basis of our legal system
![Page 14: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 12) Where was
Carthage?• Carthage was the largest
& riches city in Northern Africa on the coast
• It had been founded by the Phoenicians in 800 B.C.
• Carthage ruled a huge trading empire & controlled the spread of goods in Southern Europe & Northern Africa
![Page 15: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 13) What was the
First Punic War?
• Both Rome & Carthage waned to control the island of Sicily & war broke out in 264 B.C.
• Rome sent an army to protect Sicily which made Carthage very mad
• Rome had to build a navy to confront Carthage at sea
• The war lasted 20 years before Rome finally won & forced Carthage to leave Sicily & pay a huge fine
![Page 16: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 14) What was the
Second Punic War?
• To make up for losing Sicily, Carthage expanded into southern Spain
• Rome was NOT happy about this
• Rome helped the people living in Southern Spain rebel against Carthage
• To punish Rome, Carthage sent its greatest general to attack Rome
• This started the 2nd Punic War
![Page 17: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 15) Who was
Hannibal?
• The general sent by Carthage to attack Rome
• His strategy was to take fighting into Italy itself
• Hannibal’s army had 46,000 soldiers, horses & 37 elephants
• He landed in Spain & marched east to Italy
• Hannibal’s forces suffered many losses while crossing the Alps mountains
![Page 18: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 16) What is the
Battle of Cannae?
• A battle in 212 B.C. between the Romans & Hannibal in southern Italy
• The Romans suffered heavy losses
• Hannibal’s army began raiding most of Italy after they won
![Page 19: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 17) What did the
Romans do after they lost the Battle of Cannae?
• The Romans worked to gather another army
• In 202 B.C. the Roman forces were led by a general named Scipio
• Scipio took the Roman forces to invade Carthage
• This forced Hannibal to leave Italy & head home to help defend Carthage
![Page 20: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 18) What was the
Battle of Zama?• In the Battle of Zama,
Scipio defeated Hannibal’s army in Carthage
• Carthage gave up control of Spain to Rome
• As punishment, Rome forced Carthage to give up their navy & pay a heavy fine
• Rome finally became the ruling power in the Mediterranean
![Page 21: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 19) What was the
3rd Punic War?• In 146 B.C. Carthage once
again tried to attack Rome• Roman soldiers burned
Carthage & enslaved more than 50,000 men, women & children
• Legend said that the Romans even covered the land with salt so that no crops could grow in Carthage
• Carthage became a Roman province
![Page 22: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
The Roman Republic• 20) What does
mare nostrum mean?
• Mare nostrum means “our sea”
• Rome began calling the Mediterranean Sea “mare nostrum”
• During the Punic Wars, Rome also battled for control of the eastern Mediterranean
• By 129 B.C. Rome gained its first province in Asia giving them complete control of the Mediterranean area
![Page 23: Chapter 9 Section 2 The Roman Republic Pages 426 - 434](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062217/56649e8a5503460f94b8f78d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Review Info!!!
• 19) What other ideas did Rome “borrow” from Greece?
• Roman Stoic philosophers urged people to participate in public affairs, civic duty & to treat enslaved people with respect