Chapter 9 Sect. 1 & 2: Germanic Kingdoms

Outside Invaders•Visigoths had taken over Italy•Ostrogoths took over Italy after the Visigoths

•Germanic Angles & Saxons moved to Britain• Later becoming the Anglo- Saxons

•The only Germanic kingdom to last long was the Franks

Christianity had a become the supreme religion of the Roman Empire

Church developed a system of organization◦ Priests- headed local communities called

Parishes.◦ Group of parishes was headed by the Priests

Bishop of Rome claimed the lead in the Roman Catholic Church

The Role of the Church

Western Christians accepted the fact that the pope lead the church but could not agree on the amount of power

The power of the church would become a major debate throughout this time

The Role of the Church

Frankish king lost power to the Mayors of the Palace

Pepin, one of these mayors, assume the kingship position.

Charles the Great, Pepin’s son, or Charlemagne

He expanded the Frankish Kingdom into the Carolingian Empire.

Charlemagne & Carolingians

Charlemagne power grew and was later crowned emperor of Rome.

His empire would cover much of Western and Central Europe.

Charlemagne & Carolingians

Soon after the death of Charlesmagne, Carolingian Empire soon began to fall apart.

Carolingian Empire was divided into three parts:1. East Frankish lands2. Middle Kingdom3. Western Frankish lands

Feudalism

Outside invaders began to chip away at what was left

1. Magyars- people from western Asia

2. Vikings- Scandinavian group from the north

Feudalism

Development of Feudalism◦ Outside invader began to threaten the security◦ People began to turn to local landed aristocracy for

protection◦ It became important to find a very powerful Lord to

offer protection

Thus a new political system- Feudalism

Feudalism

Development of Feudalism◦ Outside invader began to threaten the security◦ People began to turn to local landed aristocracy for

protection◦ It became important to find a very powerful Lord to

offer protection

Thus a new political system- Feudalism

Feudalism

Armored cavalry Expensive (horse, armor, weapons, &

horse’s armor) 7 = page ,13 = squire, 18-21 = knighted

(if worthy)

Tournaments Code of chivalry: defend the defenseless

& the church, treat captives as guests, fight for glory

By 1500: technology took power & “knight” became a title of honor, not really military

Knights

Social Ladder

Higher & lesser lords

& peasants

Side note: clergy also fell withinWithin the ladder depending upon their rank

Latin: castellum = fort#1 purpose = defenseFeudal lord’s residenceWalls, motte, bailey, keep w/ great hall

Castles