Chapter 8 ReviewHistory and Culture of Latin America

1

Another term for corn

maize

2

form of writing that uses signs and symbols

heiroglyphics

3

farm product grown for export

cash crop

4

A cowboy of Latin America known for roaming the Pampas of Argentina

gaucho

5

high ranking military officers who ruled as dictators

caudillo

6

Spanish conquerors

conquistadors

7

a person who moves from place to place to find work

migrant worker

8A factory in Mexico used to assemble products owned by a foreign company

maquiladora

9

A person of mixed Native American and European descent

mestizo

10

A large festival held on the last day before Lent

carnival

11A common tradition at this celebration is when a girl exchanges her flat shoes for high heels

quinceanera

12

A language that is made by combining parts of different languages

pidgin language

13

Latin Americas first civilization

Olmec

14

Ancient civilization known for building roads and irrigation systems

Inca

15

The civilization that developed hieroglyphics and a numbering system

Maya

16

Ancient civilization known for holding a monopoly on trade because they had developed weapons from obsidian

Toltec

17

Civilization that built their capital city on an island and developed floating gardens

Aztec

18

Conquered the Aztec

Hernan Cortes

19

Enslaved African who led a revolt in Haiti against French rule

Toussaint-Louverture

20

Led the fight for independence in Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Bolivia

Simon Bolivar

21Catholic priest who urged poorer Mexicans to fight for freedom from Spanish rule

Miguel Hidalgo

22

Conquered the Inca

Francisco Pizarro

23

Led a revolution in Cuba in 1959

Fidel Castro

24

Official language of most countries in Latin America

Spanish

25

Official language in Brazil

Portuguese

26

Main religion practiced in most Latin American countries

Roman Catholic

27Designed to shorten the distance from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific OceanPanama Canal

28Builders of the Panama Canal had to battle this disease malaria

29People from Puerto Rico do not pay this even though they receive welfare from the Federal governmentIncome tax

30A celebration to honor the dead and make peace with deathDay of the Dead

31

A celebration to honor a girl as she turns 15

Quinceanera

32

Many Latin Americans migrate to the U.S. to give their families a better . . .

way of life

33

Three sports popular in Latin America

Soccer, baseball, cricket

34One of the most important things to the people of Latin Americafamily

35Who makes up the work force in a maquiladora?young women

Essay QuestionDescribe at least two reasons why the people of Puerto Rico would like to remain a commonwealth of the United States rather than become a state

Essay QuestionWhat is the significance of exchanging flat shoes for high heels in the quinceanera celebration?

Bonus QuestionWhich country was the second country in the world to play baseball?Cuba