CHAPTER 8: READING GUIDE-AMERICA SECEDES FROM THE EMPIRE: 1775—1783

Congress Drafts George WashingtonDefine: Second Continental Congress, George Washington41. Why was George Washington chosen as general of the American army?

Bunker Hill and Hessian HirelingsDefine: Ethan Allen, Benedict Arnold, Fort Ticonderoga, Bunker Hill, Redcoats, Olive Branch Petition, Hessians 42. George III "slammed the door on all hope of reconciliation." How and why?

The Abortive Conquest of CanadaDefine: Richard Montgomery43. Did the fighting go well for Americans before July of 1776? Explain.

Thomas Paine Preaches Common Sense44. Why was Common Sense important?

Paine and the Idea of "Republicanism"Define: Republic, Natural Aristocracy45. Why did Paine want a democratic republic?

Jefferson's "Explanation" of IndependenceDefine: Richard Henry Lee, Thomas Jefferson, Declaration of Independence, Natural Rights46. What does the Declaration of Independence say?

Patriots and LoyalistsDefine: Patrick Henry47. What kinds of people were typically Loyalists?

Makers of America: The Loyalists48. What happened to Loyalists after the war?

The Loyalist Exodus49. What happened to Loyalists during the war?

General Washington at BayDefine: William Howe, Trenton, Princeton50. What were some of the personal flaws of General William Howe?

Burgoyne's Blundering InvasionDefine: John Burgoyne, Benedict Arnold, Saratoga, Horatio Gates51. How did the Americans win the battle of Saratoga? Why was it significant?

Revolution in Diplomacy?52. Why did the French help America win independence?

The Colonial War Becomes a Wider WarDefine: Armed Neutrality53. Why was foreign aid so important to the American cause?

Blow and CounterblowDefine: Nathaniel Greene, Charles Cornwallis54. Would an American Patriot, reading news of the war in 1780, have been happy about the way the

war was going? Explain.

The Land Frontier and the Sea FrontierDefine: Iroquois Confederacy, Fort Stanwix, George Rogers Clarke, John Paul Jones, Privateers 55. Was frontier fighting important in the outcome of the war?

Yorktown and the Final CurtainDefine: Charles Cornwallis, Yorktown56. If the war did not officially end at Yorktown, then why was it important?

Peace at ParisDefine: Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, John Jay, Treaty of Paris57. What did America gain and what did it concede in the Treaty of Paris?

A New Nation LegitimizedDefine: Whigs58. Did Americans get favorable terms in the Treaty of Paris? Explain.

Whose Revolution?59. Which of the interpretations of the Revolution seems most true to you? Least true? Explain.