chapter 8 pgs 243 249

8/11/2019 Chapter 8 Pgs 243 249

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A. P. US Artem KholodenkoMods 6/7/8 0109

Notes for pgs. 243 – 249

8/11/2019 Chapter 8 Pgs 243 249


8/11/2019 Chapter 8 Pgs 243 249


Jefferson and the

Judiciary

"e##erson$s -ie' o# the"udici!r( Act

,illi!m M!rbur(

"ohn M!rsh!ll

&he Marbury ecision

Im%e!chment o# "ud*es

thre!tened US shi%%in* in the 1790s- "e##erson '!nted to dr!' moder!ted #eds. o+er to his

%!rt(- &he #eds. !nd re%s. 'ouldn$t com%romises durin*

"e##erson$s %residenc( due to udici!r( control

- "e##erson belie+ed th!t t!lent !nd +irtue 'ere the

%rim!r( u!li#ic!tions #or ud*eshi%) !nd #eds. thou*htthe s!me) but ne+er detected t!lent or +irtue in the re%s.

- In 1800 no re%s. 'ere in the #eder!l udici!r() !nd #or

re%s. the cro'nblo' '!s the "udici!r( Act th!t %!ssed

on eb. 27) 1801- &he !ct did %romise relie+e o# the Su%reme court 'ith 16

ne' #eder!l ud*eshi%s) but ! %ro+ision to reduce thenumber o# ustices on the Su%reme Bourt #rom 6 to =

didn$t !%%e!l to "e##erson- &he %ro+ision thre!tened to stri% "e##erson o# his 1st

o%%ortunities to !%%oint ! ustice !nd to %er%etu!te#eds.$s domin!tion o# the udici!r(

- &he !ct con#irmed the #eds.$s retre!t into the udici!r(

stron*hold

- In his l!st d!(s) Ad!ms !%%ointed ?midni*ht@ l!st

minute ud*es 'ho 'ere #eds.

- Some "e##ersoni!n belie+ed th!t ud*es should be elected!nd inde%endent udici!r( '!s +it!l #or the re%ublic!n

success

- Ad!ms !%%ointed M!rbur( !s ustice o# the %e!ce in

istrict o# Bolumbi!- M!rbur($s !ctions to'!rd the dem!nd #or ! 'rit o#

m!nd!mus +s. M!dison 'ere seen !s !nother #ed.scheme

- M!rsh!ll demonstr!ted the %ros%erit( o# the #ed. udici!r(

-3e '!s ! -ir*ini!n) but son o# ! #!rmer) not !n !ristocr!t

- 3is %!rtici%!tion in the re+olution m!de him ! Union%!triot r!ther th!n to !n( st!te in %!rticul!r) embr!cin*

the #eds. in the 1790s

- 3e then !r*ued th!t the Su%reme court couldn$t issue the

'rit o# m!nmus in its ori*in!l urisdiction bec!use its%o'er '!s not *r!nted b( the constitution

- So the 'rit '!s %ronounced unconstitution!l b( the court

- 5e4t he lectured M!dison !bout his mor!l dut(

- 3is most im%ort!nt %!rt '!s th!t he m!de ! %!rt o# the

"udici!r( Act unconstitution!l

- "e##erson s!id th!t courts h!d the ri*ht to *o into

udici!r( re+ie'

-"e##erson h!d no %roblem 'ith M!rsh!ll$s !ctions bec!usethe decision didn$t let courts !lone m!ke l!'s

unconstitution!l- &he M!rbur( decision '!s mo+in* some re%s. to im%e!ch

the 2 #ed. ud*es) "ohn Pickerin* !nd S!muel Bh!se) the2 c!ses di##ered

- Pickerin* '!s !n !lcoholic 'ho beh!+ed in ! biC!rre

m!nner in court

- Bh!se '!s notorious %!rtis!n #ed. 'ho +i*orousl(

8/11/2019 Chapter 8 Pgs 243 249


en#orced the Sedition Act o# 1798 !nd !iled se+er!l re%.editors) includin* ! #riend o# "e##erson< to re%s. he '!s

the de+il inc!rn!te- &he c!ses did r!ise the s!me issueD ud*es c!n be

im%e!ched onl( in c!se o# tre!son) briber() other hi*hcrimes misdeme!nors) !nd %eo%le 'eren$t sure i# th!t

'!s !%%ro%ri!te #or the situ!tion) but in the end Pickerin*'!s con+icted on M!r. 12) 180 !nd Bh!se '!s indicted

on the s!me d!(- ut "ohn E!ndol%h didn$t *et ! 2/F +ote #or Bh!se$s

%rosecution) but e+en i# he did) Bh!se mi*ht still *otten!cuitt!l bec!use moder!te re%s. 'ere doubtin* the

im%e!chment !s ! solution- Bh!se$s !cuitt!l ended "e##erson$s %roblems 'ith the

udici!r() !lthou*h his #ollo'ers ke%t on b!tterin* the udici!r( %rinci%!ls

- M!rsh!ll '!s ne+er im%e!ched bec!use o# the %!rt th!t

he %l!(ed in the con#lict- ,ith the su%%ort o# the im%e!chments) "e##erson '!s

tr(in* to m!ke the udici!r( more res%onsi+e to the

%o%ul!r 'ill th!n #or their o'n %ur%oses) !nd no other ud*e 'ould be im%e!ched #or o+er =0 (e!rs

chapter 8 pgs 243 249

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