chapter

8

Nonprofit Sector

Importance of the Nonprofit Sector to Leisure

• _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

• _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

• _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Nonprofit Sector in the United States and Canada

• Variations in structure include registration and operations within cultural, political, civic, and economic contexts.

• Variety of descriptions include the following:– _________________________________ – _________________________________– _________________________________– _________________________________– _________________________________– _________________________________– _________________________________– _________________________________– _________________________________– _________________________________

6 Characteristics of the Nonprofit Sector

1.Organized._______________________________________________________________________________________

2.Private.__________________________________________________________________________________________

3.Not for profit distributing._____________________________________________________________________________________

4. Self-governing._________________________________________________5. Voluntary.

_______________________________________________6. Beneficial to the public.

________________________________________________ (Salamon,1999; O’Neill, 2002)

Impact on Leisure Programs

• Nonprofit organizations can include sports clubs, professional associations, and direct service providers.

• They have an impact across the life span from “cradle to grave.”

• Introduction to nonprofit organizations typically occurs through recreation programs as children and youth become involved in the following:– _________________________________________– _________________________________________– _________________________________________ – _________________________________________– _________________________________________

Goals and Functions

Two primary goals frame the orientation of most nonprofits (Salamon,1999):

1. Public benefit. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Mutual benefit. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Organizing Framework

International Classification of Nonprofit Organizations (ICNPO): 12 major activity groups1. ________________________________________2. ________________________________________3. ________________________________________4. ________________________________________5. ________________________________________6. ________________________________________7. ________________________________________

(continued)

Organizing Framework (continued)

8. _________________________________________

9. _________________________________________

10. _________________________________________

11. _________________________________________

12. _________________________________________

(Salamon & Anheier, 1996)

Nonprofit Sector in Canada

• “Little [is known] about the nonprofit sector and the role it plays in Canada” (Hall & Banting, 1999).

• ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

• • As of 2000, approximately 200,000 nonprofits were

operating in Canada with 80,000 of them registered as official charities (Wagner, Orvananos de Rovzar, & Imdieke, 2003).

4 Categories of Nonprofits in Canada

1. Social welfare ______________________________________________________________________________________

2. Civic improvement ______________________________________________________________________________________

3. Pleasure or recreation ______________________________________________________________________________________

4. The category, any other purpose except profit, is a generic grouping of associations that are organized for other noncommercial reasons (Revenue Canada, 2004).

Nonprofit Sector in the United States

• U.S. nonprofits are pervasive and robust.

• Approximately 1.6 million exist:– _________________________________________.

– _________________________________________

– __________________________________________________________________________________

Major Subcategories of U.S. Nonprofits

• Charities________________________________________________________________________________________

• Foundations____________________________________________

• Social welfare organizations ________________________________________________________________________________________

• Professional and trade associations ________________________________________________________________________________________

Resource Base

1. ___________________________________

2. ___________________________________

3. ___________________________________

4. ___________________________________

5. ___________________________________

6. ___________________________________

7. ___________________________________

8. ___________________________________

Professional Organizations

• _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

• _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Significance of Local Nonprofit Organizations

• __________________________________________________________________________

• ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

• _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

National and Community-Based Nonprofit Recreation Organizations

1. __________________________________

2. __________________________________

3. __________________________________

4. __________________________________

5. __________________________________

6. __________________________________

7. __________________________________

Voluntary Youth-Serving Organizations

More than 49 nonprofit youth and human service organizations serve young people across the United States and Canada. These include the following:• ___________________________________________• ___________________________________________• ___________________________________________• ___________________________________________• ___________________________________________• ___________________________________________• ___________________________________________• ___________________________________________

Religious and Faith-Based (Church and Synagogue)

Organizations

• Nonsectarian organizations with historical roots in faith-based communities include the following: – _________________________________________ – _________________________________________

• Other nonprofits were created and are administered by faith-based and church communities, including the following:– _________________________________________– _________________________________________– _________________________________________

Social Service and Relief Organizations

• _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

• _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

• _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Special Populations–Serving Organizations

• United Service Organization (USO), 1941__________________________________________________________________________

• The Arc of the United States, 1959 __________________________________________________________________________

• Special Olympics, 1967__________________________________________________________________________

Environmental and Conservation Organizations

• Sierra Club, 1892____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

• The Trust for Public Land (TPL), 1972 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Association

American Camp Association is a diverse community dedicated to enriching the lives of children and adults through the camp experience. • __________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

• ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Membership or Services Clubs and Fraternal Organizations

• Service clubs and fraternal organizations are part of the recreation and leisure services for two reasons: – __________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

– ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

• Two of the better known service clubs are Kiwanis International and Rotary International.

Professional in Nonprofit Organizations

• ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

• ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

• _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Challenges and Opportunities for the Future

• Challenges and opportunities:– __________________________________________________– __________________________________________________

__________________________________________________– __________________________________________________

• Direct implications for nonprofit recreation and leisure service providers: – __________________________________________________ – __________________________________________________

__________________________________________________ – __________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

Successful Nonprofit Managers

• ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

• __________________________________________________________________

• ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

Discussion: Subject: Trends

• Which of the following trends will most affect the future of nonprofits? – Commercialization – The changing shape of government and nonprofit

relations – Public trust issues – Changing demographics

Individual Assignment: Design Your Own Nonprofit and submit it on-line

A nonprofit organization (NPO) is defined as “an association [that] must be both organized and operated exclusively for social welfare, civic improvement, pleasure or recreation or for any other purpose except profit” (Revenue Canada, 2004).

• Create a nonprofit organization using the following questions as guidelines: – What is the vision or mission statement of your organization? – What are your funding sources or resource base? – What are your staffing needs? – What facilities or sites will you need and in what jurisdiction? – What are the demographics (population, cultural ,and sociological) of your catchment’s area? – Which of the four categories of nonprofits does your organization fall under? See chapter 8 in the text for

a description of this area.

• Reference Material - Descriptions of the four categories of nonprofits:– Social welfare nonprofits assist disadvantaged groups for the common good and for the general welfare

of the community. – Civic improvement nonprofits enhance the value or quality of community or civic life. – Pleasure or recreation nonprofits provide a state of gratification or a means of refreshment or diversion. – Any other purpose except profit is a generic grouping of associations that are organized for other

noncommercial reasons.