chapter 8 counselling
TRANSCRIPT
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COUNSELINGIN WORK
ORGANIZATIONS
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What is Counseling?
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as a means of helping people acquire
the knowledge and skills to solve their
own problem
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as an attempt to help a person from
proper attitudes, feelings and emotions to
make use of his talents
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as a conference between an adult and a
child to discuss some problems and map
up a plan of action
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as a structured relationship which
facilitates the understanding of oneself to
be positive in life and action
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as a process of gathering data on a
particular problem of an individual in
order to give him personal help
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as a heart to heart sharing between amature person and immature one
as a mutual deliberating together andinterchange of opinions
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What are the Philosophies and
Principles of counseling?
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T he Cognitive Philosophy T he Affective Philosophy
Focuses upon those behavior changes
accomplished through cognitive processes
Focuses upon those behavior changes
accomplished through affective processes
Emphasis on human rationality and
learning theory (thought, behavior, actions)
Emphasis focus on the clients affective
state and emotional response to his
problem situation (feelings, emotions)
Counseling effort are devoted to the
identification of the maladaptive behavior,
with the situation within which it occurs, its
origin, what maintains it and environmental
factors which have the potentiality of
reinforcing the new behavior
Counseling efforts are spent in helping the
counselee identify those emotional
responses that are inappropriate which
lead to the distortion of everyday events.
Uses strategies where in the maladaptive
behavior may be extinguished and the
desirable behavior formed
Helps the client feel better and think
differently, expecting that these changes
will eventually lead the counselee tobehave differently.
The practice of the new behavior is
increased through the use of reinforcement
techniques
Use the affective reinforcement of the new
behavior
Figure 1
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N otwithstanding the different philosophies of counseling, (Beck, 1969)citesthefollowingbasicprinciplesusedincounseling:
1. Counseling is based on recognition of the dignity and worth of the
individual and on his right to personal assistance in time of need.
2. Counseling is client-centered being concerned with the optimum
development of the whole person and the fullest realization of his
potentialities for individual and social ends.
3. Counseling is a continuous, sequential and educational process.
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4. Counseling has a responsibility to society as well as the individual.
5. Counseling must respect the right of every person to accept or
refuse the services it offers.
6. Counseling is oriented around cooperation not compulsion, hence,
it is monitory in character, with no place for coercion.
7. Counseling implies assistance given to persons making wise
choices, plans, interpretations and adjustments in the critical
situation in life.
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8. Counseling demands a comprehensive study of the individual
in his cultural setting by the use of every scientific method
available. Individual understanding precedes individual
assistance.
9. The focus of counseling is on helping the individual realize and
actualize his best self rather than in isolated problems, whether
they are problems of the individual assistance.
10. Counseling must be under scientific evaluation in terms of its
effectiveness.
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What is the T heory of
Counseling for Filipinos?
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T heory a set of assumptions from which a set of empirical laws or
principles may be derived.
1) A theory of counseling should identify general objectives and
goals which individuals may be aided to approximate as a result of the counseling relationship.
2) No theory of counseling is good if it prescribes identified goals of
attainment for every person, since such a theory violates the moral
right of the individual to choose his own goals.
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3. A theory of counseling should identify, at least provisionally,
subject to experimentation and professional practice, the means or
techniques for working toward the end goals selected by the
individual.
4. A theory of counseling should indicate or delineate, desirable and
desired forms of human development
5. The forms and the pattern, as well as the quality, of interpersonal
relationship involved in human development should at least be
implicit in a theory of counseling.
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6) Some attention must be given in a theory of counseling to societys concern
and interest in individual human development.
7) A theory of counseling within education should identify and suggest
alternative and optional standards or modes of excellence or value
hierarchies in human development.
8) A theory of counseling should structure means of helping each individual
appraise, evaluate, and employ his potentiality and aspirations, and then
choose from among the role models, or value commitments, that are
available, those which will serve as guidelines in his own development.
9) A theory of counseling should point to, and serve as guidelines toward the
direction of human development.
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What are the Components of a
Filipino T heory of Counseling?
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1) Nature of Man
2) Mans Relationship with the Universe
3) Human Potentialities
4) The Enriched Personality
5) Counselor Attitude and Techniques
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What are the Assumptions of theFilipino Approach to Counseling?
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I. It is assumed that the purpose of counseling and the means
employed will help the Filipino to develop a coherent or
integrated value system for his optimum development.
II. Uniqueness of Filipino individuality is assumed and that
individuality comes to fruition within the context of relationship
with people of other cultures.
III. A counseling relationships will presumably be more fruitful if it
allows the Filipino to look at the positive and negative polarities
of his values.
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IV. There should be free choice and decision on the part of the
Filipino counselee to positivize his values and to form a positive
proper sense of values.
V. It is implied that Filipinos with positive values and proper sense of
values will carry out these values (kalooban) into their behavior,
action, life, work and activities (kalabasan) to do, their shares of
responsibility and promote social growth.
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Why is T here a N eed for Counseling
Service in Every Organizations?
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A N eed for Counseling in our Industrial Setting may be Indicated by
anyoftheFollowingSituations:1. The employees mood and manner change
2. The employees job performance change from
satisfactory to unsatisfactory
3. The employee becomes irritable and is at odds with
everyone
4. The employees energy level takes a sharp dip
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5. There is a sudden rash of seemingly unjustified
accidents.
6. There is an increase in caseless mistakes
7. The employee resents suggestions and corrections
8. The employee becomes a troublemaker
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What is the Purpose of
Counseling?
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1. To give the counselee information on matters
important to his success
2. To get information about the counselee which will
be of help to him in solving his problems
3. To establish a feeling of mutual understandingbetween counselee and counselor
4. To help the counselee work out a plan for solving
his difficulties
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5. To help the counselee know himself better, his
interests, abilities & aptitudes, & available
opportunities
6. To encourage special talents and develop right
attitudes
7. To inspire successful endeavor toward the
attainment or realization of objectives
8. To assist the counselee in planning for his
educational and vocational choices
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What are the Guidelines for effective
Counseling?
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1.T
hebasichelpingskillsaretheff.:a. an ability to accept counselee in a
nonjudgmental way
b. an ability to attend to the counselees
internal world of feeling
c. an ability to respond empathically to the
counselee
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2. R
egarding knowledge of the Counselee, there should be:a. an ability to elicit essential data from the
counselee
b. some understanding of the significance of
essential data
c. an understanding that there may be a differencebetween the present problem and the
underlying problem
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3 . Skillfulness in the counseling relationship demands the
following:
a. respect for the right of the counselee
b. appropriateness of ones own emotional
responses
c. capacity for empathic response
d. ability to enter into an empathic, non-
possessive helping relationship
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e. an emerging awareness of and trust in the therapeutic
process
f . an ability to maintain a professional helping
relationship adhering to the concept of the
working alliance
g. an ability to accept the responsibilities inherent in
a professional helping relationship
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In conducting a counseling session properly, Andres and AndresciteGuarinowhogivestheff.advice:
1. Put the counselee at ease
2. Win the counselees confidence
3. Find out what the counselees goals are
4. Get the counselee to see how this behavior is
blocking goal achievement
5. Deal with the issue without quarrelling
6. Make a written summary of the session
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R eported By:
Ma. Bernadet D. macarioBSBA III Human R esource Management