chapter 7 holding cells together the cytoskeleton
TRANSCRIPT
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CHAPTER 7HOLDING CELLS TOGETHER
THE CYTOSKELETON
CELL FRAMEWORK
• PLANTS, ANIMALS , FUNGI
• MICROTUBULES /LARGE
• MICROFILAMENTS/SMALL
• MADE FROM PROTEIN/TUBULIN
• PROTEIN EXTENSIONS/ 9+2
• CILIA, FLAGELLA, PILI
• CENTRIOLES/CELL DIVISION
Figure 7.20 The cytoskeleton
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Figure 7.23x Sea urchin sperm
Figure 7.24 Ultrastructure of a eukaryotic flagellum or cilium
Figure 7.25 How dynein “walking” moves cilia and flagella
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Figure 7.23 A comparison of the beating of flagella and cilia
Figure 7.22 Centrosome containing a pair of centrioles
Figure 7.26 A structural role of microfilaments
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Figure 7.29 Extracellular matrix (ECM) of an animal cell
Figure 7.21 Motor molecules and the cytoskeleton
Figure 7.27 Microfilaments and motility
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PLANT CELL CONNECTION
• PRIMARY CELL WALL/CELLULOSE AND HEMICELLULOSE
• DEVELOPS FIRST
• SECONDARY CELL WALL/CELLULOSE AND LIGNIN AND MADE UP OF 3 LAYERS
• PLASMODESMATA
Figure 7.28 Plant cell walls
LINKS BETWEEN CELLS
• DESMOSOMES/THESE ARE PROTEIN CONNECTIONS
• HOLD CELL MEMBRANES TOGETHER
• VARIOUS KINDS OF JUNCTIONS
• HOLD CELL MEMBRANES TOGETHER/COMMUNICATION
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Figure 7.30 Intercellular junctions in animal tissues
Figure 7.31 The emergence of cellular functions from the cooperation of many organelles