chapter 7: cell structure and function honors biology 2008-2009
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 7: Cell Structure and FunctionHonors Biology 2008-2009
1665
•Hooke publishes first drawings of cork
•Uses the word “cell” for the first time
1674
•Leeuwenhoek observes tiny “living” things in pond water using microscope
1838-1839
•Schleiden concludes that plants are made of cells
•Schwann concludes that animals are made of cells
1855
•Virchow proposes Cell Theory
Cells: A Brief History
Cell Theory
•All living things are made of cells.
•Cells are the basic unit of structure and function for all
living things.•New cells come from pre-
existing cells.
Prokaryotic Cell
Cell membrane
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Organelles
Eukaryotic Cell
Section 7-1
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Go to Section:
DNA & Ribosomes too!
DNA & Ribosomes too!
Prokaryotic Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Venn Diagram
DNA cytoplasm nucleus ribosomescell membrane organelles bacteriaplant/animal cells
DNAcell membranecytoplasmribosomes
bacteria nucleusorganellesplant/animal cells
Cell Part Function Analogy Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Animal
Plant
Cell Membrane Controls flow of molecules in and out of the cell; protection
Submarine; balloon
Cell Wall Structure and support
bricks on a building
Ribosomes Assembles proteins factory; assembly line
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Transports proteins and other cell materials
highway
Golgi Apparatus Packages and labels proteins post office
Lysosomes Breaks down and recycles cell parts
garbage disposal;
recycling truck
Vacuoles Stores materials; provides support for plants
warehousesmall
large
Mitochondria Converts food energy (glucose) into chemical energy (ATP)
battery; weight room
Chloroplast Converts sun’s energy into food energy (glucose)
kitchen
Cytoskeleton Provides shape and movement to cell bones
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Animal Plant
Plant vs. Animal Venn Diagram
cell membrane endoplasmic reticulum mitochondriacytoplasm Golgi apparatus chloroplastcell wall cytoskeleton lysosomesribosomes vacuoles nucleus
cell membranecytoplasmribosomesendoplasmic reticulumGolgi apparatuscytoskeletonvacuolesmitochondrianucleus
lysosomescell wallchloroplast