chapter 6 the age of exploration. chapter 6 what's going on in the world? sprite

CHAPTER 6CHAPTER 6

THE AGE OF EXPLORATIONTHE AGE OF EXPLORATION

CHAPTER 6CHAPTER 6

WHAT'S GOING ON IN THE WORLD?WHAT'S GOING ON IN THE WORLD?

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CHAPTER 6CHAPTER 6

WARM UP QUESTIONSWARM UP QUESTIONS WHY DID THE SPANISH AND THE WHY DID THE SPANISH AND THE

PORTUGUESE SIGN THE TREATY OF PORTUGUESE SIGN THE TREATY OF TORDESILLAS?TORDESILLAS?

DESCRIBE THE PURPOSE AND PATH DESCRIBE THE PURPOSE AND PATH OF THE TRIANGULAR TRADE.OF THE TRIANGULAR TRADE.

WHY WERE EUROPEANS SO WHY WERE EUROPEANS SO INTERESTED IN SOUTHEAST ASIA?INTERESTED IN SOUTHEAST ASIA?

CHAPTER 6CHAPTER 6

WORD OF THE DAYWORD OF THE DAY

FRAYER MODELFRAYER MODEL ASCERTAIN - PG. 191ASCERTAIN - PG. 191 LAMENT - PG. 199LAMENT - PG. 199 REMNANT - PG. 203REMNANT - PG. 203

CHAPTER 6-1CHAPTER 6-1EXPLORATION AND EXPANSIONEXPLORATION AND EXPANSION

MOTIVES AND MEANS – MOTIVES AND MEANS – *THE DYNAMICS OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION BETWEEN *THE DYNAMICS OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION BETWEEN

1500 AND 1800 WAS MOST APPARENT WHEN 1500 AND 1800 WAS MOST APPARENT WHEN EUROPEANS BEGAN TO EXPAND INTO THE REST OF EUROPEANS BEGAN TO EXPAND INTO THE REST OF THE WORLD*THE WORLD*

WHAT CAUSED EUROPEANS TO BRANCH OUT INTO WHAT CAUSED EUROPEANS TO BRANCH OUT INTO OTHER AREAS OF THE WORLD DURING THEIR OTHER AREAS OF THE WORLD DURING THEIR OVERSEAS ADVENTURES?OVERSEAS ADVENTURES?

““GOD, GLORY, GOLD, AND ADVENTUREGOD, GLORY, GOLD, AND ADVENTURE”” GOLDGOLD – WEALTH AND RICHES – WEALTH AND RICHES GODGOD – RELIGION SPREAD THEIR FAITH AND CONVERT – RELIGION SPREAD THEIR FAITH AND CONVERT

PEOPLE TO CHRISTIANITYPEOPLE TO CHRISTIANITY GLORYGLORY – HONOR, FAME FOR FINDING RICHES AND – HONOR, FAME FOR FINDING RICHES AND

NEW LANDNEW LAND ADVENTUREADVENTURE – FOR THE THRILL OF THE EXPERIENCE – FOR THE THRILL OF THE EXPERIENCE


EUROPEANS WERE EUROPEANS WERE INTRIGUED WITH ASIAINTRIGUED WITH ASIA

THE TRAVELSTHE TRAVELS BY BY MARCO MARCO POLO – POLO – CHINESE COURT CHINESE COURT OF KUBLAI KHANOF KUBLAI KHAN

MANY READ HIS BOOK – MANY READ HIS BOOK – FABRICATED?FABRICATED?

MERCHANTS, MERCHANTS, ADVENTURERS, STATE ADVENTURERS, STATE OFFICIALS – HIGH HOPES OFFICIALS – HIGH HOPES OF EXPANDING TRADE - OF EXPANDING TRADE - SPICESSPICES


*CONQUESTS BY THE OTTOMAN TURKS KEPT *CONQUESTS BY THE OTTOMAN TURKS KEPT WESTERNERS FROM TRAVELING BY LAND TO WESTERNERS FROM TRAVELING BY LAND TO THE EASTTHE EAST

TOO EXPENSIVE BEING SHIPPED TO EUROPE TOO EXPENSIVE BEING SHIPPED TO EUROPE BY ARAB MIDDLEMENBY ARAB MIDDLEMEN

SO THEY DECIDED TO TRAVEL BY SO THEY DECIDED TO TRAVEL BY SEASEA *ACQUIRED MUCH OF THEIR KNOWLEDGE *ACQUIRED MUCH OF THEIR KNOWLEDGE

ABOUT SAILING FROM THE ABOUT SAILING FROM THE ARABSARABS CARTOGRAPHYCARTOGRAPHY – THE ART AND SCIENCE – THE ART AND SCIENCE

OF MAPMAKINGOF MAPMAKING


TECHNOLOGIES TECHNOLOGIES THAT ALLOWED THIS – THAT ALLOWED THIS – PORTOLANIPORTOLANI – CHARTS THAT RECORDED THE – CHARTS THAT RECORDED THE

SHAPES OF COASTLINES AND DISTANCES SHAPES OF COASTLINES AND DISTANCES BETWEEN PORTSBETWEEN PORTS

COMPASSCOMPASS – SHOWED THE DIRECTION THE SHIP – SHOWED THE DIRECTION THE SHIP WAS MOVINGWAS MOVING

ASTROLABEASTROLABE – USED THE SUN OR A STAR TO – USED THE SUN OR A STAR TO ASCERTAIN A SHIP’S LATITUDEASCERTAIN A SHIP’S LATITUDE

LATEEN SAILSLATEEN SAILS – TRIANGULAR SHAPED SAILS – TRIANGULAR SHAPED SAILS CARAVELCARAVEL – SHIPS THAT WERE MORE – SHIPS THAT WERE MORE

MANEUVERABLE AND COULD CARRY HEAVY MANEUVERABLE AND COULD CARRY HEAVY WEIGHTWEIGHT

CHAPTE 6-1CHAPTE 6-1EXPLORATION AND EXPANSIONEXPLORATION AND EXPANSION THE PORTUGUESE TRADING EMPIRE – THE PORTUGUESE TRADING EMPIRE – PORTUGALPORTUGAL TOOK THE LEAD IN TOOK THE LEAD IN

EUROPEAN EXPLORATIONEUROPEAN EXPLORATION SPONSORED BY SPONSORED BY PRINCE HENRY PRINCE HENRY

THE NAVIGATORTHE NAVIGATOR EXPLORED THE COASTS OF EXPLORED THE COASTS OF AFRICAAFRICA FOUND FOUND GOLDGOLD SOUTHERN COAST OF AFRICA – SOUTHERN COAST OF AFRICA –

GOLD COASTGOLD COAST


BARTHOLOMEU DIASBARTHOLOMEU DIAS – – ROUNDED THE CAPE OF ROUNDED THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPEGOOD HOPE

VASCO DA GAMAVASCO DA GAMA – WENT – WENT AROUND THE CAPE OF GOOD AROUND THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE TO THE COAST OF INDIAHOPE TO THE COAST OF INDIA

HE GOT A CARGO OF SPICES HE GOT A CARGO OF SPICES AND SOLD IT IN PORTUGAL AND SOLD IT IN PORTUGAL FOR SEVERAL THOUSAND FOR SEVERAL THOUSAND PERCENTPERCENT

IS IT SURPRISING THAT HE IS IT SURPRISING THAT HE WENT BACK FOR MORE?WENT BACK FOR MORE?


PORTUGUESE FLEETS RETURNED TO PORTUGUESE FLEETS RETURNED TO DESTROY MUSLIM SHIPPING AND GAIN DESTROY MUSLIM SHIPPING AND GAIN CONTROL OF THE SPICE TRADECONTROL OF THE SPICE TRADE

THEY DEFEATED TURKISH AND INDIAN THEY DEFEATED TURKISH AND INDIAN SHIPS OFF THE COASTSHIPS OFF THE COAST

ADMIRAL AFONSO DE ALBUQUERQUEADMIRAL AFONSO DE ALBUQUERQUE SET UP A PORT AT SET UP A PORT AT GOAGOA

MELAKAMELAKA – THRIVING PORT OF THE SPICE – THRIVING PORT OF THE SPICE TRADE ON THE MALAY PENINSULATRADE ON THE MALAY PENINSULA

CHAPTER 6-1 CHAPTER 6-1 EXPLORATION AND EXPANSIONEXPLORATION AND EXPANSION

*CONTROL OF THIS WOULD HELP DESTROY *CONTROL OF THIS WOULD HELP DESTROY ARAB CONTROL OF THE SPICE TRADEARAB CONTROL OF THE SPICE TRADE

MOLUCCASMOLUCCAS – SPICE ISLANDS – SPICE ISLANDS PORTUGUESE SIGNED A TREATY WITH PORTUGUESE SIGNED A TREATY WITH

LOCAL RULERS IN THE SPICE ISLANDS FOR LOCAL RULERS IN THE SPICE ISLANDS FOR THE PURCHASE AND EXPORT OF THE PURCHASE AND EXPORT OF CLOVESCLOVES

*THIS TREATY ESTABLISHED CONTROL OF *THIS TREATY ESTABLISHED CONTROL OF THE SPICE TRADE FOR THE PORTUGUESETHE SPICE TRADE FOR THE PORTUGUESE

CHAPTER 6-1CHAPTER 6-1EXPLORATION AND EXPANSIONEXPLORATION AND EXPANSION THIS WAS LIMITED SUCCESSTHIS WAS LIMITED SUCCESS WHY?WHY? *THEY HAD NEITHER THE *THEY HAD NEITHER THE POWERPOWER, ,

THE THE PEOPLEPEOPLE, NOR THE , NOR THE DESIREDESIRE TO TO COLONIZE THE ASIAN REGIONSCOLONIZE THE ASIAN REGIONS

THIS DID ALTHOUGH HELP THIS DID ALTHOUGH HELP ESTABLISH THEM AS THE ESTABLISH THEM AS THE 11STST SUCCESSFUL EUROPEAN SUCCESSFUL EUROPEAN EXPLORERSEXPLORERS


BUT THEY WOULD BE NO BUT THEY WOULD BE NO MATCH FOR OTHER MATCH FOR OTHER EUROPEAN NATIONS LATEREUROPEAN NATIONS LATER

VOYAGES TO THE AMERICAS – VOYAGES TO THE AMERICAS – THE PORTUGUESE SAILED THE PORTUGUESE SAILED

EASTWARD TO GET TO THE EASTWARD TO GET TO THE SPICE TRADE BUT THE SPICE TRADE BUT THE SPANISH TRIED TO GO WEST SPANISH TRIED TO GO WEST ACROSS THE ATLANTICACROSS THE ATLANTIC

CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS – ITALIAN NAVIGATOR IN – ITALIAN NAVIGATOR IN SERVICE TO SPAINSERVICE TO SPAIN

CHAPTER 6-1CHAPTER 6-1EXPLORATION AND EXPANSIONEXPLORATION AND EXPANSION COLUMBUS HAD LITTLE KNOWLEDGE COLUMBUS HAD LITTLE KNOWLEDGE

OF THE SIZE OF THE WORLDOF THE SIZE OF THE WORLD MOST EDUCATED EUROPEANS DID MOST EDUCATED EUROPEANS DID

KNOW THAT THE WORLD WAS ROUNDKNOW THAT THE WORLD WAS ROUND HE BASED HIS CALCULATIONS OF THE HE BASED HIS CALCULATIONS OF THE

WORLD OFF OF WORLD OFF OF CLAUDIUS CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY’SPTOLEMY’S GEOGRAPHYGEOGRAPHY

HE WAS A GREEK-EDUCATED HE WAS A GREEK-EDUCATED EGYPTIAN GEOGRAPHER AND EGYPTIAN GEOGRAPHER AND ASTRONOMERASTRONOMER

CHAPTER 6-1CHAPTER 6-1EXPLORATION AND EXPANSIONEXPLORATION AND EXPANSION THE THE GEOGRAPHYGEOGRAPHY WAS A MAP OF A WAS A MAP OF A

ROUND WORLD COMPLETE WITH 360 ROUND WORLD COMPLETE WITH 360 LINES OF LONGITUDE, LINES OF LONGITUDE, ONEONE DEGREE DEGREE APARTAPART

THIS GREATLY UNDERESTIMATED THIS GREATLY UNDERESTIMATED THE SIZE OF THE EARTHTHE SIZE OF THE EARTH

COLUMBUS FIRST SOUGHT BACKING COLUMBUS FIRST SOUGHT BACKING FROM PORTUGAL – THEY DENIED HIMFROM PORTUGAL – THEY DENIED HIM

WHY? – HIS CALCULATIONSWHY? – HIS CALCULATIONS


HE AND HIS BROTHER HE AND HIS BROTHER BARTHOLOMEW TRIED TO GET BARTHOLOMEW TRIED TO GET SPONSORSHIP FROM OTHER SPONSORSHIP FROM OTHER COUNTRIES – THEY FAILEDCOUNTRIES – THEY FAILED

FINALLY FINALLY SPAIN SPAIN SPONSORED SPONSORED THEMTHEM

KING FERDINAND AND KING FERDINAND AND QUEENQUEEN ISABELLAISABELLA

SET SAIL AUGUST 1492SET SAIL AUGUST 1492 NINA, PINTA, SANTA MARIANINA, PINTA, SANTA MARIA

CHAPTER 6-1CHAPTER 6-1EXPLORATION AND EXPANSIONEXPLORATION AND EXPANSION HE REACHED THE HE REACHED THE CARIBBEANCARIBBEAN AND AND

LANDED IN THE LANDED IN THE BAHAMASBAHAMAS ON ON WHAT WAS PROBABLY WHAT WAS PROBABLY SAN SAN SALVADOR ISLANDSALVADOR ISLAND

HE CAME IN CONTACT WITH THE HE CAME IN CONTACT WITH THE TAINOTAINO PEOPLE PEOPLE

HE CALLED THEM HE CALLED THEM INDIANSINDIANS THESE PEOPLE WERE VERY FRIENDLYTHESE PEOPLE WERE VERY FRIENDLY


THEY BELIEVED THAT COLUMBUS AND THE THEY BELIEVED THAT COLUMBUS AND THE OTHERS HAD BEEN SENT FROM OTHERS HAD BEEN SENT FROM HEAVENHEAVEN

COLUMBUS WENT DEEPER INTO THE COLUMBUS WENT DEEPER INTO THE CARIBBEAN COMING IN CONTACT WITH CARIBBEAN COMING IN CONTACT WITH CUBACUBA AND AND HISPANIOLAHISPANIOLA – HAITI AND THE – HAITI AND THE DOMINICAN REPUBLICDOMINICAN REPUBLIC

COLUMBUS MADE FOUR VOYAGES AND COLUMBUS MADE FOUR VOYAGES AND REACHED ALL THE MAJOR ISLANDS OF THE REACHED ALL THE MAJOR ISLANDS OF THE CARIBBEAN AND HONDURAS IN CENTRAL CARIBBEAN AND HONDURAS IN CENTRAL AMERICA AMERICA

HE CALLED THIS THE HE CALLED THIS THE INDIESINDIES


HE WAS AWARDED THE TITLE HE WAS AWARDED THE TITLE “ADMIRAL “ADMIRAL OF THE OCEAN SEA”OF THE OCEAN SEA”AND AND VICEROY AND VICEROY AND GOVERNOR OF THE INDIES”GOVERNOR OF THE INDIES”

BUT BEFORE KING FERDINAND COULD BUT BEFORE KING FERDINAND COULD COLONIZE THE AREA, HE HAD TO LAY COLONIZE THE AREA, HE HAD TO LAY CLAIM TO THE AREACLAIM TO THE AREA

PORTUGUAL HAD ALREADY CLAIMED THE PORTUGUAL HAD ALREADY CLAIMED THE RIGHT TO CONTROL THE ATLANTIC ROUTE RIGHT TO CONTROL THE ATLANTIC ROUTE TO ASIATO ASIA

POPE ALEXANDER VIPOPE ALEXANDER VI WAS ASKED TO WAS ASKED TO

CHAPTER 6-1CHAPTER 6-1EXPLORATION AND EXPANSIONEXPLORATION AND EXPANSION RESOLVE THIS ISSUERESOLVE THIS ISSUE HE ESTABLISHED HE ESTABLISHED A LINE OF A LINE OF

DEMARCATIONDEMARCATION – IMAGINARY LINE – IMAGINARY LINE RUNNING NORTH TO SOUTH DOWN RUNNING NORTH TO SOUTH DOWN THE MIDDLE OF THE ATLANTICTHE MIDDLE OF THE ATLANTIC

SPAINSPAIN GOT EVERYTHING GOT EVERYTHING WEST WEST OF OF THE LINETHE LINE

PORTUGALPORTUGAL GOT EVERYTHING GOT EVERYTHING EASTEAST

CHAPTER 6-1CHAPTER 6-1EXPLORATION AND EXPANSIONEXPLORATION AND EXPANSION THE PORTUGUESE KING ASKED THE PORTUGUESE KING ASKED

FOR THE LINE TO BE MOVED FOR THE LINE TO BE MOVED FURTHER WESTFURTHER WEST

THE POPE RESOLVED THIS BY THE POPE RESOLVED THIS BY ISSUING THE ISSUING THE TREATY OF TREATY OF TORDESILLASTORDESILLAS – THIS MOVED – THIS MOVED THE LINE ANOTHER 1000 MILES THE LINE ANOTHER 1000 MILES WESTWEST


OTHER EXPLORERS SOON REALIZED THAT OTHER EXPLORERS SOON REALIZED THAT COLUMBUS HAD DISCOVERED A NEW LAND COLUMBUS HAD DISCOVERED A NEW LAND AND THEY BEGAN EXPLORINGAND THEY BEGAN EXPLORING

JOHN CABOTJOHN CABOT – EXPLORED THE NEW – EXPLORED THE NEW ENGLAND COASTLINE OF THE AMERICAS ENGLAND COASTLINE OF THE AMERICAS FOR ENGLANDFOR ENGLAND

AMERIGO VESPUCCI AMERIGO VESPUCCI – FLORENTINE WHO – FLORENTINE WHO RETRACED COLUMBUS’S INITIAL VOYAGERETRACED COLUMBUS’S INITIAL VOYAGE

THIS IS WHO AMERICA IS NAMED AFTERTHIS IS WHO AMERICA IS NAMED AFTER EUROPEANS CALLED THESE TERRITORIES EUROPEANS CALLED THESE TERRITORIES

THE THE NEW WORLDNEW WORLD BUTBUT WERE THEY NEW??? WERE THEY NEW???


THE SPANISH EMPIRE – THE SPANISH EMPIRE – CONQUISTADORS CONQUISTADORS – SPANISH CONQUERORS – SPANISH CONQUERORS USED THEIR GUNS AND DETERMINATION TO USED THEIR GUNS AND DETERMINATION TO

TAKE OVER AND ESTABLISH COLONIAL TAKE OVER AND ESTABLISH COLONIAL EMPIRESEMPIRES

HERNAN CORTESHERNAN CORTES – OVERTHREW THE AZTEC – OVERTHREW THE AZTEC FRANCISCO PIZARROFRANCISCO PIZARRO – TOOK CONTROL OF – TOOK CONTROL OF

THE INCAN EMPIRETHE INCAN EMPIRE THE SPANISH SET UP A SYSTEM OF THE SPANISH SET UP A SYSTEM OF

COLONIZATION CALLED COLONIZATION CALLED ENCOMIENDAENCOMIENDA

CHAPTER 6-1CHAPTER 6-1EXPLORATION AND EXPANSIONEXPLORATION AND EXPANSION NATIVES HAD LITTLE RESISTANCE TO NATIVES HAD LITTLE RESISTANCE TO

EUROPEAN DISEASESEUROPEAN DISEASES SMALLPOX, MEASLES, TYPHUSSMALLPOX, MEASLES, TYPHUS EX. – EX. – HISPANIOLAHISPANIOLA 250,000 WHEN 250,000 WHEN

COLUMBUS ARRIVED – BY 1538 ONLY COLUMBUS ARRIVED – BY 1538 ONLY 500500

*EUROPEAN TRADITIONS ALSO *EUROPEAN TRADITIONS ALSO DESTROYED NATIVE CULTURE DESTROYED NATIVE CULTURE

CHAPTER 6-1CHAPTER 6-1EXPLORATION AND EXPANSIONEXPLORATION AND EXPANSION QUEEN ISABELLA GRANTED THE QUEEN ISABELLA GRANTED THE

SPANISH THE RIGHT TO USE NATIVE SPANISH THE RIGHT TO USE NATIVE AMERICANS AS LABORERSAMERICANS AS LABORERS

SPANISH WERE SUPPOSED TO SPANISH WERE SUPPOSED TO PROTECT THE NATIVES PROTECT THE NATIVES BUTBUT THEY THEY DIDN’TDIDN’T

NATIVES WORKED ON SUGAR NATIVES WORKED ON SUGAR PLANTATION AND IN THE MINESPLANTATION AND IN THE MINES

FORCED LABOR, STARVATION, FORCED LABOR, STARVATION, DISEASEDISEASE


CATHOLIC MISSIONARIES CONVERTED AND CATHOLIC MISSIONARIES CONVERTED AND BAPTIZED NATIVESBAPTIZED NATIVES

ESTABLISHED SCHOOLS, PARISHES, AND ESTABLISHED SCHOOLS, PARISHES, AND HOSPITALS – EUROPEAN SOCIETYHOSPITALS – EUROPEAN SOCIETY

**THUSTHUS, NATIVE AMERICAN SOCIAL AND , NATIVE AMERICAN SOCIAL AND POLITICAL STRUCTURES WERE TORN POLITICAL STRUCTURES WERE TORN APART AND REPLACED BY EUROPEAN APART AND REPLACED BY EUROPEAN SYSTEMS OF RELIGION, LANGUAGE, SYSTEMS OF RELIGION, LANGUAGE, CULTURE, AND GOV.CULTURE, AND GOV.

*THIS HAD A PROFOUND AFFECT ON *THIS HAD A PROFOUND AFFECT ON EUROPEANS AS WELL – GREED-LONGED EUROPEANS AS WELL – GREED-LONGED AND LUSTED FOR GOLDAND LUSTED FOR GOLD


THE EXTENSIVE THE EXTENSIVE EXCHANGE OF EXCHANGE OF PLANTS, ANIMALS, PLANTS, ANIMALS, WEAPONS, IDEAS, AND WEAPONS, IDEAS, AND DISEASES BETWEEN DISEASES BETWEEN EUROPE AND THE NEW EUROPE AND THE NEW WORLD WAS CALLED WORLD WAS CALLED THE COLUMBIAN THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGEEXCHANGE

IT AFFECTED AND IT AFFECTED AND CHANGED NEARLY CHANGED NEARLY EVERY CULTURE EVERY CULTURE AROUND THE WORLDAROUND THE WORLD


FROM AMERICA TO EUROPEFROM AMERICA TO EUROPE FOODFOOD - - CORNCORN, SQUASH, PUMPKINS, , SQUASH, PUMPKINS,

BEANS, SWEET POTATOES, BEANS, SWEET POTATOES, TOMATOES, CHILI PEPPERS, TOMATOES, CHILI PEPPERS, PEANUTS, CHOCOLATE, POTATOES, PEANUTS, CHOCOLATE, POTATOES, TOBACCO, AND CHEWING GUMTOBACCO, AND CHEWING GUM

TECHNOLOGIESTECHNOLOGIES – CANOE, – CANOE, SNOWSHOE, HAMMOCK, PONCHO, SNOWSHOE, HAMMOCK, PONCHO, TOBOGGAN, AND PARKATOBOGGAN, AND PARKA

LIVESTOCKLIVESTOCK - TURKEY, AMERICAN - TURKEY, AMERICAN MINKMINK

DISEASESDISEASES - SYPHALLIS, YAWS - SYPHALLIS, YAWS


FROM EUROPE TO AMERICAFROM EUROPE TO AMERICA FOODFOOD - WHEAT, OATS, BARLEY, RYE, RICE, - WHEAT, OATS, BARLEY, RYE, RICE,

COFFEE, DANDELIONS, ONIONS, BANANAS, COFFEE, DANDELIONS, ONIONS, BANANAS, ORANGESORANGES

LIVESTOCKLIVESTOCK – CHICKENS, CATTLE, PIGS, – CHICKENS, CATTLE, PIGS, SHEEP, AND HORSESSHEEP, AND HORSES

TECHNOLOGIESTECHNOLOGIES – METALWORKING – METALWORKING TECHNIQUES IN SHIPBUILDING, WEAPONS – TECHNIQUES IN SHIPBUILDING, WEAPONS –

FIREARMSFIREARMS DISEASESDISEASES – INFLUENZA, MEASLES, CHICKEN – INFLUENZA, MEASLES, CHICKEN

POX, MUMPS, TUPHUS, AND SMALLPOXPOX, MUMPS, TUPHUS, AND SMALLPOX

CHAPTER 6-1CHAPTER 6-1

EXPLORATION ANDEXPLORATION AND EXPANSIONEXPANSION POSITIVE EFFECTPOSITIVE EFFECT – EUROPEAN – EUROPEAN

FARMERS LEARNED THAT IF THEY FARMERS LEARNED THAT IF THEY PLANTED PLANTED POTATOESPOTATOES -ABOUT FOUR -ABOUT FOUR TIMES AS MANY PEOPLE COULD LIVE TIMES AS MANY PEOPLE COULD LIVE OFF OF THE LAND.OFF OF THE LAND.

NEGATIVE EFFECTSNEGATIVE EFFECTS – BACTERIA AND – BACTERIA AND VIRUSES THAT WILL KILL MILLIONSVIRUSES THAT WILL KILL MILLIONS

*BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY AT LEAST TWO *BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY AT LEAST TWO FROM EACH CATEGORY AND THE FROM EACH CATEGORY AND THE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE AFFECTS*POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE AFFECTS*


BECAUSE OF THE SUCCESS OF THE SPANISH, BECAUSE OF THE SUCCESS OF THE SPANISH, OTHER EUROPEAN NATIONS ARE STARTING TO OTHER EUROPEAN NATIONS ARE STARTING TO EXPLORE THIS AREA AS WELLEXPLORE THIS AREA AS WELL

NEW RIVALS ENTER THE SCENENEW RIVALS ENTER THE SCENE DUTCH COLONYDUTCH COLONY – NEW NETHERLAND – NEW NETHERLAND STATEN ISLAND, HARLEM, CATSKILL MOUNTAINSSTATEN ISLAND, HARLEM, CATSKILL MOUNTAINS THE ENGLISH SEIZED THE COLONY AND THE ENGLISH SEIZED THE COLONY AND

RENAMED IT RENAMED IT NEW YORKNEW YORK ENGLISHENGLISH – COLONIAL EMPIRE EAST COAST – COLONIAL EMPIRE EAST COAST FRENCHFRENCH – SETTLED PARTS OF CANADA AND – SETTLED PARTS OF CANADA AND

LOUISIANALOUISIANA


TRADE, COLONIES, AND MERCANTILISM -TRADE, COLONIES, AND MERCANTILISM - A A COLONY COLONY – IS A SETTLEMENT OF PEOPLE – IS A SETTLEMENT OF PEOPLE

LIVING IN A NEW TERRITORY, LINKED WITH LIVING IN A NEW TERRITORY, LINKED WITH THE PARENT COUNTRY BY TRADE AND DIRECT THE PARENT COUNTRY BY TRADE AND DIRECT GOV. CONTROLGOV. CONTROL

COLONIESCOLONIES – WERE IMPORTANT AS A SOURCE – WERE IMPORTANT AS A SOURCE OF RAW MATERIALS & MARKET FOR FINISHED OF RAW MATERIALS & MARKET FOR FINISHED GOODSGOODS

WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF COLONIES AND WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF COLONIES AND TRADING POSTS EUROPEANS ENTERED AN TRADING POSTS EUROPEANS ENTERED AN AGE OF INCREASED INTERNATIONAL TRADE - AGE OF INCREASED INTERNATIONAL TRADE - COMMERICAL REVOLUTIONCOMMERICAL REVOLUTION

CHAPTER 6-1CHAPTER 6-1EXPLORATION AND EXPANSIONEXPLORATION AND EXPANSION MERCANTILISMMERCANTILISM – SET OF – SET OF

PRINCIPLES THAT DOMINATED PRINCIPLES THAT DOMINATED ECONOMIC THOUGHT IN THE 1600S ECONOMIC THOUGHT IN THE 1600S – THE PROSPERITY OF A NATION – THE PROSPERITY OF A NATION DEPENDED ON A LARGE SUPPLY OF DEPENDED ON A LARGE SUPPLY OF BULLION BULLION – GOLD AND SILVER– GOLD AND SILVER

BALANCE OF TRADEBALANCE OF TRADE – THE – THE DIFFERENCE IN VALUE BETWEEN DIFFERENCE IN VALUE BETWEEN WHAT A NATION IMPORTS AND WHAT A NATION IMPORTS AND EXPORTSEXPORTS


REVIEW QUESTIONSREVIEW QUESTIONS

1. WHAT WAS THE LINE OF DEMARCATION?1. WHAT WAS THE LINE OF DEMARCATION?

2. WHAT DID THE TREATY OF TORDESILLAS 2. WHAT DID THE TREATY OF TORDESILLAS DO?DO?

3. HOW DID COLONIZATION HELP TO BRING 3. HOW DID COLONIZATION HELP TO BRING ABOUT THE COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION?ABOUT THE COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION?

4. WHAT WERE THE FOUR MOTIVES FOR 4. WHAT WERE THE FOUR MOTIVES FOR EUROPEAN EXPLORATION?EUROPEAN EXPLORATION?

5. WHAT EUROPEAN NATION WAS FIRST TO 5. WHAT EUROPEAN NATION WAS FIRST TO TAKE THE LEAD IN EXPLORATION?TAKE THE LEAD IN EXPLORATION?

CHAPTER 6-2CHAPTER 6-2AFRICA IN AN AGE OF TRANSITIONAFRICA IN AN AGE OF TRANSITION

THE SLAVE TRADE –THE SLAVE TRADE – SLAVERY WAS NOT NEW TO AFRICA, IT HAD SLAVERY WAS NOT NEW TO AFRICA, IT HAD

BEEN PRACTICED IN ANCIENT TIMESBEEN PRACTICED IN ANCIENT TIMES PRIMARY MARKET FOR AFRICAN SLAVES WAS PRIMARY MARKET FOR AFRICAN SLAVES WAS

SOUTHWEST ASIASOUTHWEST ASIA – – DOMESTIC SERVANTSDOMESTIC SERVANTS SLAVERY ALSO EXISTED IN SOME PARTS OF SLAVERY ALSO EXISTED IN SOME PARTS OF

EUROPE - EUROPE - PORTUGALPORTUGAL ABOUT 1,000 PER YEARABOUT 1,000 PER YEAR *THE DEMAND FOR SLAVES INCREASED *THE DEMAND FOR SLAVES INCREASED

WITH THE DISCOVERY OF THE AMERICAS WITH THE DISCOVERY OF THE AMERICAS AND THE PLANTING OF AND THE PLANTING OF SUGARCANESUGARCANE THERE THERE


SUGARCANESUGARCANE WAS INTRODUCED TO THE WAS INTRODUCED TO THE EUROPEANS BY THE EUROPEANS BY THE MUSLIMS MUSLIMS FROM FROM SOUTHWEST ASIASOUTHWEST ASIA

LARGE AGRICULTURAL ESTATES – LARGE AGRICULTURAL ESTATES – PLANTATIONSPLANTATIONS – WERE SET UP TO GROW – WERE SET UP TO GROW THE SUGARCANETHE SUGARCANE

THIS DEMANDED MUCH LABORTHIS DEMANDED MUCH LABOR MANY NATIVE AMS. HAD DIED FROM MANY NATIVE AMS. HAD DIED FROM

DISEASE SO AFRICAN SLAVES WERE USED DISEASE SO AFRICAN SLAVES WERE USED TO WORK THE FIELDS TO WORK THE FIELDS

BRAZIL BRAZIL AND AND THE CARIBBEANTHE CARIBBEAN


GROWTH OF THE GROWTH OF THE SLAVE TRADESLAVE TRADE

*1518 *1518 A SPANISH A SPANISH SHIP CARRIED THE SHIP CARRIED THE 11STST BOATLOAD OF BOATLOAD OF AFRICAN SLAVES AFRICAN SLAVES FROM AFRICA TO FROM AFRICA TO THE AMERICASTHE AMERICAS

THIS BECAME A THIS BECAME A PART OF THE PART OF THE TRIANGULAR TRIANGULAR TRADETRADE

*THIS CONNECTED *THIS CONNECTED EUROPE, AFRICA EUROPE, AFRICA AND ASIA, AND THE AND ASIA, AND THE AMERICAN AMERICAN CONTINENTSCONTINENTS


FROM EUROPE TO AFRICAFROM EUROPE TO AFRICA GUNS, CLOTHS, RUM, ETC. FOR SLAVESGUNS, CLOTHS, RUM, ETC. FOR SLAVES FROM AFRICA TO THE AMERICASFROM AFRICA TO THE AMERICAS THESE SLAVES WERE THEN TAKEN TO THESE SLAVES WERE THEN TAKEN TO

VARIOUS PARTS OF THE AMERICASVARIOUS PARTS OF THE AMERICAS FROM THE AMERICAS TO EUROPEFROM THE AMERICAS TO EUROPE TOBACCO, SUGAR, COTTON,ETC.TOBACCO, SUGAR, COTTON,ETC.


HOW LARGE WILL THIS TRADE GROW?HOW LARGE WILL THIS TRADE GROW? ABOUT 275,000 SLAVES WERE ABOUT 275,000 SLAVES WERE

EXPORTED DURING THE EXPORTED DURING THE 16TH 16TH CENTURYCENTURY

1 MILLION IN THE 1 MILLION IN THE 17TH17TH CENTURYCENTURY 6 MILLION IN THE 6 MILLION IN THE 18TH CENTURY18TH CENTURY *HIGH NUMBERS OF SLAVES WERE *HIGH NUMBERS OF SLAVES WERE

SHIPPED BECAUSE OF THE HIGH SHIPPED BECAUSE OF THE HIGH DEATH DEATH RATERATE

WHAT DID THEY DIE FROM?WHAT DID THEY DIE FROM?


THE JOURNEY OF SLAVES FROM AFRICA TO THE JOURNEY OF SLAVES FROM AFRICA TO THE AMERICAS BECAME KNOWN AS THE THE AMERICAS BECAME KNOWN AS THE MIDDLE PASSAGEMIDDLE PASSAGE

MANY DIED ON THIS JOURNEYMANY DIED ON THIS JOURNEY LOOSE PACKERS VS. TIGHT PACKERSLOOSE PACKERS VS. TIGHT PACKERS THOSE WHO SURVIVED OFTEN DIED FROM THOSE WHO SURVIVED OFTEN DIED FROM

DISEASE ONCE THEY ARRIVED AT THEIR DISEASE ONCE THEY ARRIVED AT THEIR DESTINATIONDESTINATION

THOSE BORN IN THE AMERICAS HAD A THOSE BORN IN THE AMERICAS HAD A LITTLE HIGHER IMMUNITY TO DISEASESLITTLE HIGHER IMMUNITY TO DISEASES


SLAVE OWNERS DID NOT ENCOURAGE SLAVE OWNERS DID NOT ENCOURAGE REPRODUCTIONREPRODUCTION

WHY?WHY? *THEY BELIEVED IT WAS CHEAPER TO BUY A SLAVE *THEY BELIEVED IT WAS CHEAPER TO BUY A SLAVE

THAN RAISE ONE FROM BIRTHTHAN RAISE ONE FROM BIRTH SOURCES OF SLAVESSOURCES OF SLAVES BEFORE THE EUROPEANS BEGAN TO COME IN THE BEFORE THE EUROPEANS BEGAN TO COME IN THE

15TH CENTURY– MOST AFRICAN SLAVES WERE 15TH CENTURY– MOST AFRICAN SLAVES WERE PRISONERS OF WARPRISONERS OF WAR

*EUROPEANS WOULD BUY SLAVES FROM LOCAL *EUROPEANS WOULD BUY SLAVES FROM LOCAL AFRICAN MERCHANTS AT SLAVES MARKETS ON THE AFRICAN MERCHANTS AT SLAVES MARKETS ON THE COASTCOAST

6-26-2AFRICA IN AN AGE OF TRANSITIONAFRICA IN AN AGE OF TRANSITION

IN RETURN THEY WOULD GET GUNS, GOLD, ETC.IN RETURN THEY WOULD GET GUNS, GOLD, ETC. AS DEMAND FOR SLAVES INCREASED, LOCAL AS DEMAND FOR SLAVES INCREASED, LOCAL

SLAVE TRADERS MOVED INLAND FROM THE SLAVE TRADERS MOVED INLAND FROM THE COAST TO GET SLAVESCOAST TO GET SLAVES

LOCAL RULERS BECAME CONCERNED – LOCAL RULERS BECAME CONCERNED – KING KING AFONSO I OF CONGOAFONSO I OF CONGO

DEPOPULATIONDEPOPULATION EFFECTS OF THE SLAVE TRADEEFFECTS OF THE SLAVE TRADE VARIEDVARIED DEPOPULATION, YOUNGEST AND STRONGEST DEPOPULATION, YOUNGEST AND STRONGEST

MEN AND WOMEN TAKEN, INCREASED WARFAREMEN AND WOMEN TAKEN, INCREASED WARFARE


FAMILIES WERE TORN APART FAMILIES WERE TORN APART BUTBUT AFRICAN AFRICAN SLAVE TRADERS INCREASED THEIR INLAND SLAVE TRADERS INCREASED THEIR INLAND RAIDSRAIDS

WHY?WHY? - MAJOR SOURCE OF INCOME - MAJOR SOURCE OF INCOME KING AFONSO'S PROTESTS WERE IGNORED KING AFONSO'S PROTESTS WERE IGNORED

BY THE AFRICAN SLAVE TRADERS AND THE BY THE AFRICAN SLAVE TRADERS AND THE EUROPEANSEUROPEANS

ONLY A FEW EUROPEANS ONLY A FEW EUROPEANS LAMENTEDLAMENTED WHAT WHAT THEY WERE DOING TO THESE SOCIETIESTHEY WERE DOING TO THESE SOCIETIES

STRIFE, QUARRELLING, DRUNKENNESS, STRIFE, QUARRELLING, DRUNKENNESS, TRICKERY, THEFT, UNBRIDLED DESIRE FOR TRICKERY, THEFT, UNBRIDLED DESIRE FOR WHAT IS NOT THEIRS, LUST FOR GOLDWHAT IS NOT THEIRS, LUST FOR GOLD


EX.EX. BENIN BENIN – BRILLIANT AND CREATIVE – BRILLIANT AND CREATIVE SOCIETY THAT WAS PULLED INTO THE SLAVE SOCIETY THAT WAS PULLED INTO THE SLAVE TRADETRADE

1. THE POPULATION DECLINED,1. THE POPULATION DECLINED, 2. INCREASED WARFARE2. INCREASED WARFARE 3. LOST THEIR FAITH3. LOST THEIR FAITH 4. ARTISTIC WORK DECLINED4. ARTISTIC WORK DECLINED 5. HUMAN SACRIFICE BECAME MORE 5. HUMAN SACRIFICE BECAME MORE

COMMON COMMON * * CORRUPT AND BRUTAL PLACECORRUPT AND BRUTAL PLACE


POLITICAL AND SOCIAL STRUCTURES POLITICAL AND SOCIAL STRUCTURES *THE SLAVE TRADE WAS ONE OF THE MOST *THE SLAVE TRADE WAS ONE OF THE MOST

NOTICEABLE EFFECTS OF THE EUROPEAN NOTICEABLE EFFECTS OF THE EUROPEAN PRESENCE IN AFRICA 1500 - 1800PRESENCE IN AFRICA 1500 - 1800

SOUTH AFRICASOUTH AFRICA AND AND MOZAMBIQUE -MOZAMBIQUE - THERE THERE WAS A PERMANENT EUROPEAN PRESENCEWAS A PERMANENT EUROPEAN PRESENCE

IBOIBO – SOCIETY OF EASTERN NIGERIA WHERE – SOCIETY OF EASTERN NIGERIA WHERE PEOPLE *THIS VILLAGE PRODUCED MORE SLAVES PEOPLE *THIS VILLAGE PRODUCED MORE SLAVES THAN ANY OTHER ON THE CONTINENTTHAN ANY OTHER ON THE CONTINENT


FOREIGN INFLUENCESFOREIGN INFLUENCES EUROPEANSEUROPEANS 1. INTRODUCED NEW FOODS1. INTRODUCED NEW FOODS 2. CAUSED TRADE ROUTES TO SHIFT2. CAUSED TRADE ROUTES TO SHIFT 3. SPREAD CHRISTIANITY3. SPREAD CHRISTIANITY (ISLAM WAS DOMINANT (ISLAM WAS DOMINANT

ALTHOUGH)ALTHOUGH)


REVIEW QUESTIONSREVIEW QUESTIONS

1.1. WHO WROTE TO THE KING OF PORTUGAL ABOUT WHO WROTE TO THE KING OF PORTUGAL ABOUT THE DEPOPULATION OF AFRICAN VILLAGES?THE DEPOPULATION OF AFRICAN VILLAGES?

2.2. WHO WAS INVOLVED IN THE TRIANGULAR TRADE?WHO WAS INVOLVED IN THE TRIANGULAR TRADE?

3.3. WHAT WAS THE MIDDLE PASSAGE?WHAT WAS THE MIDDLE PASSAGE?

4.4. WHAT GROUP PRODUCED THE MOST SLAVES IN WHAT GROUP PRODUCED THE MOST SLAVES IN AFRICA?AFRICA?

5.5. WHAT SOCIETY IN WEST AFRICA WAS A GREAT WHAT SOCIETY IN WEST AFRICA WAS A GREAT EXAMPLE OF THE DESTRUCTION OF AFRICAN EXAMPLE OF THE DESTRUCTION OF AFRICAN SOCIETIES BY THE SLAVE TRADE?SOCIETIES BY THE SLAVE TRADE?

http://www.discovery.com/tv-shows/other-shows/videos/assignment-discovery-shorts-slavehttp://www.discovery.com/tv-shows/other-shows/videos/assignment-discovery-shorts-slaves-middle-passage.htms-middle-passage.htm

CHAPTER 6-3CHAPTER 6-3SOUTHEAST ASIA IN THE ERA OF THE SPICE TRADESOUTHEAST ASIA IN THE ERA OF THE SPICE TRADE

THE ARRIVAL OF EUROPEANSTHE ARRIVAL OF EUROPEANS THE MALAY PENINSULA AND THE THE MALAY PENINSULA AND THE

INDONESIAN ARCHIPELAGO WAS INDONESIAN ARCHIPELAGO WAS GRADUALLY PENETRATED BY THE GRADUALLY PENETRATED BY THE MUSLIMSMUSLIMS – SPICE TRADE – SPICE TRADE

MELAKAMELAKA BECAME THE LEADING BECAME THE LEADING POWER IN THE REGIONPOWER IN THE REGION

THE PORTUGUESE SEIZED MELAKA THE PORTUGUESE SEIZED MELAKA AND OCCUPIED THE AND OCCUPIED THE MOLUCCAS – MOLUCCAS – SPICE ISLANDSPICE ISLAND

CHAPTER 6-3CHAPTER 6-3SOUTHEAST ASIA IN THE ERA OF THE SPICE TRADESOUTHEAST ASIA IN THE ERA OF THE SPICE TRADE

PORTUGUESE CONTROL IN THE ISLANDS PORTUGUESE CONTROL IN THE ISLANDS WILL END WITH THE ARRIVAL OF THE WILL END WITH THE ARRIVAL OF THE ENGLISH AND THE ENGLISH AND THE DUTCHDUTCH

WHY?WHY? *STRONGER MILITARY AND MORE FINANCES*STRONGER MILITARY AND MORE FINANCES THE DUTCH GRADUALLY PUSHED THE THE DUTCH GRADUALLY PUSHED THE

PORTUGUESE OUTPORTUGUESE OUT THEY DROVE OUT THE ENGLISH AS WELLTHEY DROVE OUT THE ENGLISH AS WELL THE ENGLISH WERE LEFT WITH ONE PORT THE ENGLISH WERE LEFT WITH ONE PORT

ON THE COAST OF ON THE COAST OF SUMATRASUMATRA

CHAPTER 6-3CHAPTER 6-3SOUTHEAST ASIA IN THE ERA OF THE SOUTHEAST ASIA IN THE ERA OF THE

SPICE TRADESPICE TRADE NOW THAT THE DUTCH HAVE NOW THAT THE DUTCH HAVE

ESTABLISHED THEIR CONTROL OVER ESTABLISHED THEIR CONTROL OVER TRADE, THEY ARE NOW STARTING TO TRADE, THEY ARE NOW STARTING TO ENFORCE THEIR ENFORCE THEIR MILITARYMILITARY AND AND POLITICALPOLITICAL CONTROL CONTROL

THEY SET UP A FORT AT BATAVIA ON THEY SET UP A FORT AT BATAVIA ON THE ISLAND OF THE ISLAND OF JAVAJAVA TO PROTECT TO PROTECT DUTCH HOLDING IN THE EASTDUTCH HOLDING IN THE EAST

THEY EVENTUALLY BROUGHT THE THEY EVENTUALLY BROUGHT THE ENTIRE ISLAND UNDER THEIR ENTIRE ISLAND UNDER THEIR CONTROLCONTROL


SPICE TRADESPICE TRADE IMPACT ON THE MAINLANDIMPACT ON THE MAINLAND MOST OF THE EUROPEAN INFLUENCE BY MOST OF THE EUROPEAN INFLUENCE BY

THE PORTUGUESE AND THE DUTCH WAS THE PORTUGUESE AND THE DUTCH WAS LIMITED TO THE LIMITED TO THE MALAY PENINSULAMALAY PENINSULA AND AND INDONESIAN ARCHIPELAGOINDONESIAN ARCHIPELAGO

WHY NOT THE MAINLAND STATES?WHY NOT THE MAINLAND STATES? THAILAND, BURMA, VIETNAMTHAILAND, BURMA, VIETNAM *BECAUSE THEY WERE ABLE TO UNITE

AND THEY HAD STRONG MONARCHIES NON MAINLAND STATES - HAD LESS

POLITICAL UNITY

CHAPTER 6-3CHAPTER 6-3SOUTHEAST ASIA IN THE ERA OF THE SPICE SOUTHEAST ASIA IN THE ERA OF THE SPICE

TRADETRADE


SPICE TRADESPICE TRADEREVIEW QUESTIONSREVIEW QUESTIONS

1. WHAT EUROPEAN NATION INITIALLY HAD 1. WHAT EUROPEAN NATION INITIALLY HAD CONTROL OF MELAKA AND THE SPICE CONTROL OF MELAKA AND THE SPICE ISLANDS?ISLANDS?

2. WHO TOOK CONTROL FROM THEM?2. WHO TOOK CONTROL FROM THEM?

3. WHY WERE THEY ABLE TO TAKE CONTROL?3. WHY WERE THEY ABLE TO TAKE CONTROL?

4. WHERE DID THIS NEW EUROPEAN NATION 4. WHERE DID THIS NEW EUROPEAN NATION EXHIBIT MOST OF ITS CONTROL?EXHIBIT MOST OF ITS CONTROL?

5. WHERE WAS EUROPEAN CONTROL NOT 5. WHERE WAS EUROPEAN CONTROL NOT EXERTED? WHY?EXERTED? WHY?

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