chapter 6 section 1 population patterns. the people 5% of world’s pop. canada: 35.1 million us:...
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Chapter 6 Section 1
POPULATION PATTERNS
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The People
5% of world’s pop.Canada: 35.1 millionUS: 319 million 3rd largestAll are immigrants or descendants
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Immigration1st wave- land bridge from Asia (Native Americans)
Several waves followed- all groups affected by push-pull factors of that timeWere they alwaysaccepted/appreciated?
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REASONS FOR IMMIGRATION- US/Canadareligious or political freedom.economic opportunities.natural resources & rapid industrial development
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Engage: REASONS FOR IMMIGRATION
Copy these notes: Reasons for immigration: US/Canada religious or political freedom economic opportunities natural resources & rapid industrial development
Push and pull factors!Choose one of the three: Houston, Sugar Land, or Clements HSOn a sheet of paper, make a T-Chart of push and pull factors for your chosen location.
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Immigration1998- 9% of population2002- 11.8% of population2012- 13% of populationAll time high is 14.8% in 1890
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What are some things you notice about this map?
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Population density & distribution
Canada is larger country…but 8 ppl/sq. mileMost is inhospitable 90% live on border with
US/ middle prairies/ W. Coast
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Population density & distribution
US has 77 ppl/sq. mile (NJ is highest)Widely distributedNE/ Great Lakes = most dense (history & industry)
Pacific coast climate, resources, $California #1 state in # (but also bigger)
S and SW = fastest growing (climate, jobs, land space) – The Sun BeltRetirees, immigrants from LA
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2000
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2006
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NATIVE AMERICANSFirst immigrants to America, arrived from
Asia thousands of years ago. 2.5 million in U.S. 700,000 in Canada
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Population PatternsTotal population
(2014): ~34 million81% of Canadians live
in urban areasCities serve as
important centers of commerce, education and tradeToronto: largest
Canadian city; NOT THE CAPITAL
Vancouver (British Columbia) handles almost all trade between Canada and Asia
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Population PatternsVariety of ethnic groups in Canada90% of population lives within 100 miles
of the U.S.-Canadian borderRugged terrain, cold arctic climates limit
where people can liveMost densely populated areas: ones that
can support agriculture, fishing & trade (near coastlines, Great Lakes)
Westward migration with discovery of oil & natural gas in Prairie Provinces in 1960s
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Prairie Provinces:-Alberta-Saskatchewan-Manitoba
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U.S. & Canada Economics
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Free Market EconomyFree Market: allows people the freedom to own,
operate, and profit from their own businessPros:
Businesses can hire employees & pay themLaws protect private property rights, employment
opportunities & the health and safety of workersUSA & Canada are both post-industrial
societies, which places an emphasis on service & high tech businesses rather than industry & manufacturing
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United States vs. CanadaUSA
Mostly, the government does not interfere
Private organizations handle servicesBroadcasting regulated
by the FCC (Federal Communications Commission) but companies like ABC, CBS are privately owned
People choose health care plans---but are now required to have it
CanadaSOME government
interference!Government owns
and administers more services than the USA
Health care is publicly funded, not privatelyCBC: Canadian
Broadcasting Corporation—owned by the government
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Manufacturing & Services75% of workers are employed in the
service (TERTIARY!!) industry!Government workersEducation Health careTourismReal EstateBankingEntertainment
Both countries are considered to be post-industrial!
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“Retooling” the Rust BeltRust Belt: older, industrial areas around the
Great Lakes whose mills were abandoned when companies moved south towards the SunbeltExample cities—Buffalo, Pittsburgh.Happened in the last third of the 1900s
(around 1969-1999)
Now, these cities are being turned from abandoned mills into tourist areas and public spaces in an effort to bring some new life to the cities
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Trade & Interdependence: US & Canada are powerful!
The U.S. is #2 in all world exports, provides 10%+ of all world exportschemicals, agricultural & manufactured goods, and raw
materials (metals, iron ore) are exported—also software!Over half of Canadian exports go to U.S. (more than they
import (trade surplus)
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NAFTANorth American Free Trade Agreement
Created in 1994US, Canada & Mexico can trade goods freely—no
restrictions!Is different from the EU because PEOPLE are still not
allowed to flow freely between nationsyou still need a passport to get into Canada & Mexico!
One effect: OUTSOURCING!US businesses are building factories in Mexico Positives: cheaper labor, cheaper goods for Americans,
saves $$Negatives: moves jobs out of U.S., increased
dependence on imports
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2008 RecessionUS entered economic downturnCaused by excessive number of home-
mortgage loans (basically, people were borrowing $ and couldn’t pay it back)
EffectsMany homes went into foreclosureStock market became unstableUnemployment roseSome banks failed; others had to be helped by
governmentCanada saw some economic losses, but the
effects weren’t as strong as in the USA
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Government Both countries have…
DEMOCRACIES
Constitutions
National govn’t shares power with state/provincial govn’ts.
Supreme court w/ 9 judges
3 branches
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Government
U.S. has 3 branches
1. Executive (Pres., Vice Pres., & Cabinet)
2. Judicial (9 judges)3. Legislative (Congress)
• Senate
• House of Representatives
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Government Canada has 3 branches
1. Executive (Prime minister, cabinet, and appointed governor-general)
2. Judicial (9 judges)3. Legislative (Parliament)
Senate
House of Commons