chapter 6 e-business infrastructure plan revised date: 2/6/2012
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 6
E-Business Infrastructure Plan
Revised Date: 2/6/2012
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Learning outcomes•Define the hardware and software technologies used
to build an e-business infrastructure within an organisation and with its partners
•Define the hardware and software requirements necessary to enable employee access to the Internet and hosting of e-commerce services.
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What is e-Business infrastructure?•A system architecture that consists of:
▫ hardware,▫software, ▫content and ▫data used
•The purpose is to deliver e-business services to employees, customers and partners and other related stakeholders.
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What is e-Business infrastructure?
• Typical problems▫ Web site communications too slow.▫ Web site not available.▫ Bugs on site through pages being unavailable or
information typed in forms not being executed.▫ Ordered products not delivered on time.▫ E-mails not replied to.▫ Customers’ privacy or trust is broken through security
problems such as credit cards being stolen or addresses sold to other companies.
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What is e-Business infrastructure?
Figure 3.1 A five-layer model of e-business infrastructure
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Management Issues
Table 3.1 Key management issues of e-business infrastructure
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Management Issues
Table 3.1 Key management issues of e-business infrastructure (Continued)
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What is the Internet?
“The Internet, sometimes called simply "the Net," is a worldwide system of computer networks - a network of networks in which users at any one computer can, if they have permission, get information from any other computer”
-whatis.com
“A global network connecting millions of computers. More than 100 countries are linked into exchanges of data, news and opinions.
-webopedia.com
“is logically linked together by a globally unique address space based on the Internet Protocol (IP) or its subsequent extensions/follow-ons”
-FNC
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What is the Internet?
Figure 3.2 Physical and network infrastructure components of the Internet(Levels IV and III in Figure 3.1)
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What is the Internet?
• London Internet Exchange
•Located in Docklands area in East London
•Second large IX in Europe
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What is the Internet?
• Malaysia and the Internet▫ Internet Usage Statistics:
13,528,200 Internet users as of Sept/2006, 47.8% of the population, according to M.C.M.C.
▫ Malaysia Internet Exchange (MyIX) Established in November, 2003 Launched on 15th December 2006 3 nodes connected in AIMS, NCC and TPM Jaring
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What is the Internet?
•World Wide Web – standard method for exchanging information on the Internet
•Web browsers – a method of accessing and viewing information stored as web documents
•Web servers – store and present the web pages
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Technology Evolution
Table 3.2 Six stages of advances in the dissemination of information
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Technology Evolution
Clay tablets Guternberg Press
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How big is the Internet?
•Over 1 billion Internet users worldwide•How big the infrastructure they accessing?
▫Measured by number of servers▫Number of pages indexed by search engines▫2006: 9 billion pages▫Dec 2010:????
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Figure 3.4 The Netcraft index of number of serversSource: Netcraft Web Server Survey. http://news.netcraft.com/archives/web server survey.html. Netcraft, http://netcraft.com
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Intranet and extranet
• Intranet:▫A private network within a single company using
Internet standards to enable employees to share information
•Extranet:▫Formed by extending an intranet beyond a company
to customers, suppliers and collaborators
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Intranet and extranet
Figure 3.5 The relationship between intranets, extranets and the Internet
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Intranet applications
•Used extensively for supporting sell-side e-commerce
•Also used for internal marketing communications, ex. Directories, staff bulletin, SOP, courses, etc.
•Marketing Intranet has a few advantages:▫Reduced product life cycle▫Reduce cost▫Better customer service▫Distribution of information
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Intranet applications- example
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Extranet applications- example•Used to provide
online services which are restricted to business customers
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Extranet applications- example
Premier Dell.com
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Extranet applications- Business benefits
• Information sharing•Cost reduction•Order processing and distribution•Customer service
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Extranet applications-issues
•Questions on the extranet?
▫Are the levels of usage sufficient?▫Is it effective and efficient?▫Who has ownership of the extranet?▫What are the levels of service quality?▫Is the quality of information adequate?
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Extranet application on global basis
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Extranet applications on global basis
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Extranet application-Firewalls
•A specialized software mounted on a separate server at the point where the company is connected to the Internet
•Use to protect information on the company
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Extranet application-Firewalls
Figure 3.6 Firewall positions within the e-business infrastructure of theB2B company
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World Wide Web
•A standard method for exchanging and publishing information on the Internet.
•Based on standard document formats such as HTML▫Offers hyperlink▫Supports a wide range of formatting▫Can integrate graphics and animations▫Make interactions possible
•Benefits:▫Easy to use▫Provide a graphical environment▫Standardization of tools and usages
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WWW-How it works
Figure 3.7 Information exchange between a web browser and web server
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Internet tools
• E-mail• Instant messaging (IM) and Internet Relay Chat (IRC)• Usenet newsgroups• FTP file transfer• Telnet• Blogs• RSS (Really Simple Syndication)• World Wide Web• IPTV• BitTorrent
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Internet tools-RSS
• An Internet standard for publishing and exchanging content using XML
• Content can be published on a site that originates from another site
• New method of distributing messages to subscribers
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Internet tools-Voice over IP (VOIP)
•Voice data is transferred across the Internet – it enables phone calls to be made over the Internet.▫Peer-to-peer▫Hosted service▫Complete replacement of all telephone systems▫Upgrading telephone systems▫Ex. Skype
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URLs and Domain names
•URL- Uniform resource locaters.▫A web address used to locate a web page on a web
server.•Domain names
▫The name of the web server▫Usually indicate the company name and the extension
shows its type.▫Ex. www.uniten.edu.my What does it
mean?
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URLS and domain names•Web addresses are structured in a standard way as
follows:▫http://www.domain-name.extension/filename.html▫What do the following extensions or global top level
domains stand for? Find out.... .com .co.uk, .uk.com .org or .org.uk .gov .edu, .ac.uk .int .net .biz .info .html
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Web Presentation-HTML and XML•HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
▫A standard format used to define the text and layout of web pages. HTML files usually have the extension .HTML or .HTM.
•XML or eXtensible Markup Language ▫A standard for transferring structured data, unlike
HTML which is purely presentational. ▫Use to develop B2B integration system ex. Microsoft
BizTalk, Rosetta.net
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Figure 3.9 Home page index.html for The B2B Company in a web browser showing HTML source in text editor
Web Presentation-HTML
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Media standards• GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) A graphics format and
compression algorithm best used for simple graphics• JPEG (Joint Photographics Experts Group) A graphics format
and compression algorithm best used for photographs • Streaming media. Sound and video that can be experienced
within a web browser before the whole clip is downloaded e.g. Real Networks .rm format
• Video standards include MPEG and .AVI• Sound standards include MP3 and WMA
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Who controls the Internet?
• ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers)
•The Internet Society (www.isoc.org)•The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)•The World Wide Web Consortium (www.w3.org)•Telecommunications Information Networking
Architecture Consortium TINA-C
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Managing e-business infrastructure• Layer II – Systems software
▫Standardization throughout organization▫Reduce number of contacts for support and
maintenance▫Reduce purchase price through multi-licenses
• Layer III – Transport or network▫Based on internal and external company network▫Issue: performed by the company or outsource
• Laver IV – Storage▫Based on company needs▫Who is in-charged
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Figure 3.10 (a) Fragmented applications infrastructure, (b) integrated applications infrastructureSource: Adapted from Hasselbring (2000)
Managing e-business infrastructure
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Figure 3.11 Differing use of applications at levels of management within companies
Managing e-business infrastructure
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Figure 3.12 Elements of e-business infrastructure that require management
Managing e-business infrastructure
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Internet service providers (ISP)
• ISP connection method•Speed of access•Availability•Service-level agreements•Security
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New access devices
•Mobile access devices•Wi-Fi mobile access•Bluetooth•Next-generation mobile services• Interactive digital television•What else…. Your inputs…
Not considered as new any more…
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Figure 3.13 Mobile access technologies
Access providers
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Summary
•The e-Business infrastructure need to be well defined and understand to ensure the company aware of its importance and limitations.
•There are five generic layers of e-Business infrastructure that emphasize on different functions.
•The Internet technology also evolves and allowed various web based applications to be developed to support various business processes and needs.
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Tutorial 6
1. Distinguish between Intranet, Extranet and Internet.
2. You are a consultant to a small enterprise that interested in setting up a transactional e-commerce site.
a. Create a summary guide for the company about the stages/levels that are necessary in the creation of a web site.
b. Discuss the management issues that may involved.
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References
•Google Image, http://www.google.com accessed on 13 April 2011.
•Chaffey, D., (2007, 2009), E-Business and e-Commerce Management, 3rd and 4th Edition, Prentice Hall.
•Rosetta.Net, http://www.rosettanet.org.my/rnstd.asp assessed on 18.4.2011.
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Mini case 1