chapter 6 cartilage and bone.pptx

8/20/2019 Chapter 6 Cartilage and bone.pptx

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CARTILAGE AND BONE


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Cartilage and bone

Special types of connective tisse Dense reglar connective tisse

Relatively fe! cells and abndantintercelllar sbstance


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CARTILAGE ANDBONE

Cartilage


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Cartilage

Gristle

Gelatinos very resilient"boncy or rbbery#$%ostly !ater

&or%s t'e bl( of t'es(eleton of t'e fets inutero

No blood vessels$ ly%p'vessels or nerves

)ade p of* C'ondrocytes

Cartilage %atri+

A,C'ondrocytes

B,

Lacnae

C,)atri+


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C'ondrocyte

Cartilage cell

-ary in s'ape and si.e Ncles

Ovoid Cytoplas%

&inely granlar and

basop'ilic

/it' li%ited n%ber of%itoc'ondria$ !ell 0

developed rER and Golgico%ple+


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"a# "a# nor%al '%an 1ointcartilage$ and

"b# "b# 2istologic i%age of

a nor%al cartilagestained !it' TolidineBle to visali.econtent of GAGs,

"c# "e# cartilage !it' veryearly %atri+ GAG loss,

"d# "f# 2istologic i%age ofa GAG3depletedcartilage


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Cartilage %atri+

Consists of ana%orp'os of* A%orp'os grond

sbstance 453657 !ater

8roteoglycans

E+tracelllar 9bers Collagen Elastic


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Perichondrium

Special type of connective tisse

Consists of* Oter layer "9bros layer#

Blends !it' t'e srronding tisse

Celllar layer "C'ondrogenic layer Contains osteoprogenitor cells t'at can transfor%

into eit'er chondroblasts or osteoblasts,

depending on t'e prevailing srrondingconditions, C'ondroblasts Synt'esi.e t'e precrsors of t'e e+tracelllar 9bers

and t'e ot'er organic constitents of cartilage %atri+


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Types of Cartilage

2yaline cartilage %ost co%%on$ fond in 1oints

Serves as te%porary s(eleton for t'e fets

Elastic cartilage )ore :e+ible t'an 'yaline cartilage

8liable and yello!is' in color

epiglottis$ ear and so%e parts of t'e laryn+

&ibrocartilage Can !it'stand greater stress t'an t'e 9rst ;

annlar 9brosis of intervertebral dis($

%enisci of (nee


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Cartilage Gro!t'

Interstitial Endogenos gro!t'

E+pands t'e cartilage fro% !it'in and gro!t' in lengt'of long bones

8ossible only to yong cartilage

Appositional E+ogenos gro!t'

&nction of t'e peric'ondri% Occrs !'en t'e progenitor cells %ltiply and

di


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CARTILAGE ANDBONE

Bone


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Bone

&or% a rigidfra%e!or( for t'ebody

8rotect vital organs Levers for %scles

Store'oses for Ca

and 8 Contain bone

%arro!


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Osteoblasts

Osteocytes

Osteoclasts

Bone Cells


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= Osteoblasts "Bone Cells#

Gr, Osteon, bone >blastos, ger%

Responsible for t'e

synt'esis of t'eorganic co%ponentsof bone %atri+

Release %e%brane3enclosed vesiclesric' in al(alinep'osp'atase


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= Osteocytes "Bone Cells#

Gr, Osteon, bone> kytos, cell

)aintain t'e bony

%atri+ and t'eirdeat' is follo!edby resorption oft'is %atri+,

TE) s'o!ing an osteocyte in a lacna and t!o dendritic

processes srronded by %atri+,


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= Osteoclasts "Bone Cells#

Gr, Osteon, bone> klastos, bro(en

-ery large$ %otile

cells !it' %ltiplenclei

Involved in t'e

resorption andre%odeling ofbone tisse

SE) s'o!ing an active osteoclast cltred on a :atsbstrateof bone, A trenc' is for%ed on t'e bone srface as t'eosteoclast cra!ls along, ?@555,


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&or%s of Bone Tisse

Spongy Inner region t'at 'as

n%eros spaces

Trabeclae "orientedto give %ec'anicalstrengt'#

Interior of long bones$

s(ll bones Epip'yses of long

bones

Co%pact

Oter casing t'atappears as a solid

%ass 2aversian canals

Osteocytes inlacnae

2ig'lyvasclari.ed


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Bone Re%odeling

E+ternal C'anges in t'e

s'ape of bone in

response to e+ternalfactors t'at %aya


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Ntritional E


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Endocrine E

chapter 6 cartilage and bone.pptx

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