chapter 5 section 2: greek government and society
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 5Chapter 5
Section 2:Section 2:
Greek Government and Greek Government and SocietySociety
Greek CultureGreek CultureEarly on: few could read & Early on: few could read &
write.write. Need for Verbal Need for Verbal
communicationcommunicationTraveling poets: Traveling poets:
–Songs, Ballads, EpicsSongs, Ballads, Epics
Homeric AgeHomeric Age Homer: blind poetHomer: blind poet 700 B.C. – put Oral 700 B.C. – put Oral
history into two epicshistory into two epics–Did he write these works?Did he write these works?
The IliadThe IliadThe Iliad: Legend of Trojan The Iliad: Legend of Trojan
WarWar–Paris (Troy) and Helen Paris (Troy) and Helen
(Mycenaean): Fall in love (Mycenaean): Fall in love and sail back to Troy and sail back to Troy together.together.
–Greeks attack TroyGreeks attack Troy
The Trojan WarThe Trojan WarLasted 10 years.Lasted 10 years.Greeks: build a wooden Greeks: build a wooden
horsehorse–hid soldiers insidehid soldiers inside
Attack: Troy is Attack: Troy is destroyed.destroyed.
Achilles: dies in battleAchilles: dies in battle
The OdysseyThe Odyssey The Odyssey: Aftermath of The Odyssey: Aftermath of
Trojan WarTrojan War Odysseus: Mycenaean KingOdysseus: Mycenaean King
–story of his journey home story of his journey home
–Travels for 10 yearsTravels for 10 years
Gods cause problems Gods cause problems
Purpose of Greek ReligionPurpose of Greek Religion1.1.Explain Nature Explain Nature
2.2.Explain emotions that Explain emotions that interfered with self-controlinterfered with self-control
3.3.Bring benefits to GreeksBring benefits to Greeks
Greek Religious Beliefs Greek Religious Beliefs
PolytheisticPolytheistic Did not save Greeks from sinDid not save Greeks from sin Afterlife– not a big concernAfterlife– not a big concern
–Everyone went to gray gloomy Everyone went to gray gloomy underworld underworld
–Underworld: Neither Punishment/ Underworld: Neither Punishment/ RewardReward
Greek ReligionGreek ReligionMyths – stories about gods Myths – stories about gods
& goddesses & goddesses Mount Olympus: home of Mount Olympus: home of
the gods the gods –Had human qualitiesHad human qualities
–Zeus: King of the Zeus: King of the GodsGods
Greek GodsGreek Gods Uranus and Gaea: ruled the EarthUranus and Gaea: ruled the Earth Overthrown by ChildrenOverthrown by Children
–Cronus/TitansCronus/Titans–Feared children: Ate them Feared children: Ate them
at birth at birth Titans: Overthrown by Titans: Overthrown by
kidskids–Zeus/Olympians Zeus/Olympians
Olympic GamesOlympic Games Held every 4 years: Honor ZeusHeld every 4 years: Honor Zeus
–Please the godsPlease the gods
–Show strength and braveryShow strength and bravery
776 B.C.- Men only 776 B.C.- Men only Boxing, Races, Javelin, Discus, Boxing, Races, Javelin, Discus,
WrestlingWrestling Winners: Received Olive Wreath Winners: Received Olive Wreath
(sacred; honor)(sacred; honor)
Ancient Olympic Stadiums Ancient Olympic Stadiums
Stadium at DelphiStadium at Delphi
Greek GovernmentGreek Government Kings/Warrior chiefsKings/Warrior chiefs
Nobles/aristocrats Nobles/aristocrats
Hoplite Hoplite
TyrantsTyrants
DemocracyDemocracy
City-StatesCity-StatesKings/Chieftains – ruledKings/Chieftains – ruled
–Relied on Aristocrats/NoblesRelied on Aristocrats/Noblespay for militarypay for militarysupport kingssupport kings
Aristocrats: gained power Aristocrats: gained power 700 B.C. 700 B.C. –kings overthrown by nobles kings overthrown by nobles
Nobles/AristocratsNobles/Aristocrats
Aristocracy - Aristocracy - “Rule by the “Rule by the Best”Best” –Rule by noble classRule by noble class
Control all aspects of lifeControl all aspects of life–economy, military, religion, economy, military, religion,
and lawsand laws600 B.C. power weakens600 B.C. power weakens
HopliteHoplite Non-aristocratic soldier Non-aristocratic soldier
–Rose to power b/c they could Rose to power b/c they could afford weaponsafford weapons
Heavy infantry/long spearsHeavy infantry/long spears–Hoplite FormationHoplite Formation
Important for city-state Important for city-state defensedefense
Farmers and Hoplite: demand Farmers and Hoplite: demand change.change.
TyrantsTyrantsSeized power- had support of Seized power- had support of
the peoplethe people650-500 BC: ruled many city-650-500 BC: ruled many city-
statesstatesAbsolute ruler abuses powerAbsolute ruler abuses power
–Evolved into unjust rulersEvolved into unjust rulersOverthrownOverthrown
DemocracyDemocracy Popular governments set upPopular governments set up
–People can actually rule People can actually rule themselves?!?!themselves?!?!
Democracy: rule by the peopleDemocracy: rule by the people Political rights (citizenship) to fewPolitical rights (citizenship) to few Many cities maintain aristocracyMany cities maintain aristocracy
–Ex.SpartaEx.Sparta–limited by the peoplelimited by the people