Chapter 5Invention, Innovation and

the Creative Edge

Good Ideas are…

• Innovative:– Something no one has thought of before– Has never been made to work before

• Satisfy a need

Where do you look for new ideas?

1. Internet

2. Nature

3. Talking to friends

4. Stores

5. TV

6. Magazines

7. Dreams

8.

Some ways to find new ideas

• Newspapers: articles, classifieds, ads, • Magazines: consumer, trade, specialty• Trade Shows: displays

How observant are you?

• Do test p91 with partner

• Then repeat

Where can you get ideas for a new business venture?

• Look for:– Change

• Change can spur an idea for a new venture

– Patterns• Watch how people shop, interact, talk about ideas

but then do nothing with those ideas

Developing an idea

• Get an idea– research it– talk to others >> ideas, support– keep records of everything

Pop Quiz

• Page 92 #1, #2

Invention or Innovation

Invention and Innovation

• Invention and innovation are closely linked for the successful entrepreneur or enterprising person.

• Most new ideas begin with a “What if???”• Chris Haney asked, “What if I invent a game that

ask trivia questions?” – Trivial Pursuit.• Jacques Plante asked, “What if I wear a mask to

protect my face?” – Goalie Mask

• Before we look at the future and what has been invented, let’s look at the past and see how far we have come

Examples of Inventions

• Velcro Television Radio• Internet Toboggan Tractor• Basketball Lacrosse Yo - Yo• Telephone Kayak Frisbee• Automobile Birch Bark Canoe Photocopier• Camera Lie Detector Helicopter• Cornflakes Slinky Hula Hoop• Zipper Crayons Electric Shaver

Examples of Innovations

• Coloured Ketchup Instant Coffee• Cell Phone Life Savers• Plasma Screen T.V. Pop-Up Toaster• Tea Bag Band-Aid• Disposable Camera Pez Candy• Roller Blades Barbie Doll• Contact Lenses Drive-In Theatre• Cake Mix Canned Beer• Teddy Bear Toyota’s Hybrid Car

Awesome and Innovative Bathtub Design Ideas

Invention

• the creation of something new

Innovation

• a change to something that already exists

CANADIAN HALL OF FAME ENTREPRENEURS

• William & Alfred Billes – Canadian Tire

• Armand Bombardier – Bombardier

• George Cohon – MacDonald’s Canada

• Timothy Eaton – Eaton’s

• K. C. Irving – Irving Empire

• Lord Thompson – Hudson Bay & Thompson Empire

• Wallace & Harrison McCain – McCain Foods

• Ed Mirvish – Honest Ed’s

• Frank Stronach – Auto Parts

• Garfield Weston - Weston’s

• Guy Laliberte & Guy Caron – Cirque du Soleil

Local Entrepreneurs (Ontario)

• Mac Voison- M&M Meats

• Christine Magee – Sleep Country Canada

• John Sleeman – Sleeman Brewery

• Claus Werner – Automated Tooling Systems

• Donald Triggs – producer and marketer of wine

Canadian Inventors • Basketball by James Naismith in 1891• Chocolate Nut Bar by Arthur Ganong in 1910• Electric Light Bulb by Henry Woodward 1874• Garbage Bag by Harry Wasylyk in 1950• Goalie Mask by Jaques Plante in 1960• Gramophone invented by Bell and Emile Berliner in 1889• Radio-Transmitted Voice by Reginald Fessenden in 1904• Snowblower by Arthur Sicard in 1925• Snowmobile by Joseph Bombardier in 1922• Standard Time by Sir Sanford Fleming in 1878• Television by Reginald Fessenden in 1927• Lawn Sprinkler by Real McCoy• 5 Pin Bowling by T.E. Ryan in 1909• Ear Piercer by Thomas Ahearn 1882• Zipper by Gideon Sundback in 1913

Canadian Women Inventors• Rachel Zimmerman – 12 year old inventor of Computerized

Blissymbolics Program• Olivia Poole – inventor of the Jolly Jumper.• Dianna Croteau – inventor of the CPR mannequin• Dr. Emily Stowe – founder of Women’s College Hospital• Pam Townsend – inventor of “The Ski Whiz” allows anyone to water ski

and gives beginners confidence. • Stella Quesnelle - A wheeled lawn rake for gardening and landscaping.• Betty Duffield - The Mug Muff is a knitted tube worn to protect the neck

and lower face. It has a loose pocket to cover the mouth and warm in-coming air and it can be rolled down into a turtleneck or pulled up to frame the face.

• Top 5 Japanese Inventions• YouTube

Read p 94-95 and fill in the chart

Inventor What did they invent

Read p 94-95 and fill in the chart

Inventor What did they invent

James Write Synthetic rubber

Paul Hodgson Silly Putty

Jacques Plante Goalie mask

Ruth Wakefield Chocolate chunk cookies

Michael Duck Dispense cream (Tim Horton’s)

Protecting Your Ideas

Patent

• A government grant giving the right to exclude others from making, using or selling an invention. A Canadian patent applies within Canada for 20 years from the date of filing of a patent application. The patent application is available to the public 18 months after filing.

Summary of steps to obtain a patent in Canada

1. Find a patent agent. 2. Do a preliminary search. (If there's an existing patent,

consider ending the process now.) 3. Help your agent prepare a patent application. 4. File your application. 5. Request examination. 6. Examiner does search for prior patents and studies

claims. 7. Examiner either approves or objects to the claims. 8. Respond to examiner's objections and requirements. 9. Examiner reconsiders and either approves or calls for

further amendments. 10. If final decision is objected to, you may appeal.

Fees

• There are three kinds of fees you must pay to obtain a patent:

• filing fees, $2,500• examination fees and $1,000• grant of patent fees $150-$700

• Yearly maintenance fees are required to maintain an application or a patent in force.

• Patent infringement would occur if someone made, used or sold your patented “door lock” without your permission in a country that has granted you a patent, during the term of the patent. If you believe your patent is infringed, you may sue for damages in the appropriate court.

• Protection before grantWhen you obtain a patent in Canada, you

will be able to sue infringers for all damages sustained after the grant of your patent. Also after grant, you may sue for reasonable compensation for infringements that occurred in Canada from the date your application was made available for public inspection (18 months after filing) to the date of grant.

• Trade secretsYou may be tempted to protect

your creation by simply keeping its information secret and selling it to a willing buyer. The information is then known as a trade secret.

Patent marking and "patent pending"

The Patent Act does not require that patents be marked as "Patented." However, marking an article as patented in Canada when it isn't is against the law.

You may wish to mark your invention "Patent Applied For" or "Patent Pending" after you have filed your application. These phrases have no legal effect but may serve as warnings to others that you'll be able to enforce the exclusive right to manufacture the invention once a patent is granted.

Copyrights

• Provide protection for literary, artistic, dramatic or musical works

• e.g., books, maps, song lyrics, music, sculptures, paintings, photographs, films, tapes, computer programs, databases, performances, sound recordings, communication signals

• author has the right to have his/her work copyrighted• unless they were hired or employed to create it• cannot publish, perform, translate, adapt without

permission• upon death, heirs hold copyright for 50 years

Trademarks

• A word, symbol or design (or a combination of these), used to distinguish the wares and services of one person or organization from those of others in the marketplace.

• Ordinary marks - logo• Certification marks - ISO 9000, TM, CSA• Distinguishing guises - unique packaging or

shape

Industrial Design Act

• An industrial design is anything made by hand, tool or machine that has a distinctive feature

– register the design i.e., chair

• yours for 10 years

Integrated Circuit Topography Act

• An Act to provide for the protection of electronic integrated circuit topographies

• protected for 10 years

• Assignment:

• p 97 #2 (research)• p 98-99 #1,2

Assignment:

• Draw ten trademarks associated with different types of products on or close to your person right now.

• Choose one of the trademarks you drew. Describe IN DETAIL why you think the company might have chosen this trademark for its product. Include design meaning, colour meaning

Assignment: Inventors

• There are many famous-and not-so-famous-Canadian inventors and innovators. Sometimes, an invention is well known but the inventor is not. Other inventors have become more famous than many of their inventions. In this activity, you will have the opportunity to visit Web sites that feature Canadian inventors and innovators, both past and present.

• Chart:• Search each of the following sites and compile a list of 10

Canadian inventors or innovators and their inventions or innovations. Use the outline below to compile your findings.

CANADIAN INVENTORS AND INNOVATORS

• Canadian Inventor/ Innovator• Invention/Innovation (include a brief description of

what the invention/innovation does or what it is used for)

• Were you familiar with this Canadian and his or her accomplishments before you began this activity? (Yes or No)

• Famous Canadian Inventors Web page • http://www.melazerte.com/library/inventors.htm

• Inventors in Canada Web site• http://www.inventors.ca/

• E-Library:• http://elibrary.bigchalk.com/ce/canada/• Eden’s username: 53-59442• Eden’s password: bigchalk

Inventor Presentation & Report

• Select one of the inventors or innovators which is different from all others in the class and prepare a report and a power point presentation on your findings. You will present this to the class. Sign up for your inventor as each presentation must be different.

• Report: title page, introduce inventor/innovator, what they are famous for, how idea originated, how idea was developed, how product got to marketplace, problems along the way, result, where it is today, bibliography

• Slide Show: 20 slides – 10 minutes

The Problem Solving Process

The Problem-Solving Process

7. Is the problem solved? If not, chooseanother idea and try again.

6. Try out your idea

5. Rank your ideas and select the best one

4. Use your criteria for evaluating ideas

3. Establish criteria for evaluating ideas

2. Generate lots of possible solutions

1. Think about the problem

• Problem Solving Innovative Thinking Speaker Jim Feldman

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJBE1Wv1Law 5.59 min

• Very cleaver

• Depth

• Distance

• Determination

Lateral Thinking

• Break from standard– think sideways (not forward, up or down)– see unique perspective “outside-the-

box”

• YouTube– Solar Bottle Lights in the Philippines

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SBWi3NtND68

• Edward de Bono - discusses Lateral Thinking™

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nb9Oe83ruUw 3.39 min

• good intro

• Edward de Bono on creative thinking

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UjSjZOjNIJg 4.19 min

• expert in lateral thinking or creative thinking

Assignment:

Define lateral thinking. Describe a time when an entrepreneur you met or read about used this type of thinking to solve a problem.

• Indigo Introduces de Bono's Six Thinking Hats®

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K4IkCdBTxxE&feature=related

• 1.39 min

• Good intro

• Edward de Bono Six Thinking Hats (1of6)

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Mtc_CBTIeI

• 10.34 min

• Good into a little deep

• Then look at the other videos

Thinking Hats• White

– gathers facts, figures, objective info– Unemotional

• Red– recognizes emotion & intuition influence– goes by hunches, feelings without judgment or

logic

• Green– creative, see alternatives, proposals– likes provoking, irritating, change

Thinking Hats

• Black– will present logical case against idea– gives negative feedback unemotionally

• Yellow– logical, sees positives, why things work– assess benefits

• Blue– problem solvers– solve everyone’s problems / makes it happen

Assignment: Complete the chart

Thinking Hat What It Means

Questions the Thinker

Might Ask

How It Could Help You Plan Your Venture

White Hat

Red Hat

Green Hat

Black Hat

Yellow Hat

Blue Hat

• The Problem-Solving Process

• Read pages 100 – 104

• P105 Complete the “Cool Stuff” activity– Hand in a summary of your findings with

your questions

• Answer Q #1• Q #4

• Interpreting Information

• How many squares?

See text p 106 #2, #3

Solving Problems

• there are many ways to find solutions• ask 10 people, you will get 11 answers

• the best problem solvers are constantly searching– note details without losing perspective of whole

• How to Find More Answers– see text p 107

Teamwork

• two minds better than one

• people build on other’s ideas

• teamwork builds on your strengths, provides support

• work alone:– run out of ideas and energy

Right Brain / Left Brain

• Left Brain– sequential, analytical, linear– contain the function of language and language-

related activities

• Right Brain– creative, imaginative, emotional, intuitive– get sudden insights

TEAMWORK = left and right work together

• exercise both parts of your brain

• Right Brain/ Left Brain Quiz– http://www.intelliscript.net/test_area/

questionnaire/questionnaire.cgi

– What kind of brain do you have????

• Right Brain vs Left Brain Creativity Test– http://www.wherecreativitygoestoschool.com/

vancouver/left_right/rb_test.htm

– Did this test agree with the previous one?

• Personality Test– http://www.wherecreativitygoestoschool.com/

vancouver/left_right/rb_test.htm

– Did this test agree with the first two?

Assignment

• p109#1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Generating Ideas

• Word Clustering– word in middle– group like ideas

• Mind Mapping– picture in middle (similar to word

clustering)– associate key words and images

Generating Ideas

• Brainstorming– record all ideas, even strange ones– used frequently in business

• Visualization– create picture of idea in your mind