AW101(OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH 1)

BYPN. RUHIYAH NAZIHAH ZAHKAIELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTPOLYTECHNIC SULTAN IDRIS SHAH

INCIDENT PREVENTION rnz

Objectives5.1 Understand the concept of incident 5.1.1 Define incident 5.1.2 Define accident5.2 Understand causes of incident 5.2.1 List the types of incident 5.2.2 Explain unsafe acts 5.2.3 Classify unsafe conditionsrnz

5.3 Know incident prevention techniques 5.3.1 Identify the hazards 5.3.2 Discuss risk assessing 5.3.3 Discuss risk controlling

rnz

Incident ?Definition Incident is unexpected or unplanned events in a sequence of events that occurs through a combination of causes which result in physical harm, damage to property, near miss or combination of these effect.

rnz

IndividualPropertyNear-missLoss and CombinationPhysical harm, (injury, ill health or disease)Occurs through a combination of causesunexpectedunplannedrnz

Accident ?Definition Accident is an unexpected or unplanned events or occurrences which results in injuries, fatalities, loss of production or damage to propertyrnz

INCIDENTSACCIDENTSrnz

To UnderstandCAUSES OF INCIDENTrnz

5 Major Elements on Cause of AccidentPEOPLE- Careless, incompetent, drunk, sleeping, negligentMACHINE- Poor maintenance, non genuine parts, damage partWORKPLACE-Uneven ground, ground collapse, soft groundMATERIAL @ HANDLING-Overloading, oversize, too long, loosely packedENVIRONMENT- Heat, Visibility, Noise, Duct, Hazernz

Types of Incident

DealthInjury (Minor @ major)Property DamageOccupational Illness @ DiseaseNear-miss

rnz

Occupational ActCrawling (merangkak)Crouching (Membongkok)Climbing (Memanjat)Lifting (Mengangkat)Pushing-Pulling (Menolak-Menarik)Reaching (Mencapai)Inhaling (Menghidu)Othersrnz

Unsafe Act Performance of a task or other activity that is conducted in a manner that may threaten the health and/or safety of workers. Examples are : Operating without qualification or authorization. Operating equipment at unsafe .Failure to warn. Using defective equipment Working in hazardous locations without adequate protection or warning. Wearing unsafe clothing. Taking an unsafe position. rnz

Unsafe Act

Not using PPE just because self-conformtable Not adhere to safety procedureCarelessOthersrnz

Unsafe Conditions A condition in the work place that is likely to cause property damage or injury. Examples are :Defective tools, equipment, or supplies. Fire and explosion hazards. Inadequate supports or guards. Poor housekeeping. Hazardous atmospheric condition. Excessive noise. Poor ventilation. rnz

Unsafe ConditionsMachine without safety protectionNo proper design toolsNo ao insufficient maintenanceLack of safe working procedureInsufficient trainingPoor work place arrangement

rnz

Know techniques ofINCIDENT PREVENTIONrnz

Dont let this happenrnz

rnz

Hazard ?HazardA source or a situation with a potential for harm to humans, property and damage of environment or a combination of these.DangerRelative exposure to hazard.RiskA combination of likelihood of occurrence and severity of injury or damage.rnz

Classification & Potential Sources of Hazards Classification Example of HazardsMechanical - Sharp points & edges, overload.Electrical - Insulation damaged or cover brokenBiological - Exposed, airborne/blood borne microorganism. Chemical - Expose to carcinogens chemicalErgonomics - Expose to unnatural posturesPsychological- Stress or violent at workplace.

rnz

Risk AssessmentIs the process of evaluating the risk to safety & health from hazards at work

TypesAuditInspectionInvestigationrnz

Audit Done on organization, periodically, management toolsInspection Done on tools / machine, short term, identify sub-standardInvestigation Done on situation, problem happen, to know root cause of accident

rnz

Risk AssessmentIn cases where hazards are numerous and complex eg; Chemical process plantShould have Job Safety Analysis (JSA)describe job in less than 10 stepsList things that can go wrongeg; Changing a Car Wheelrnz

Risk ControlCorrective ActionReview current safety measureImprovement planImplementationrnz

Actions & RecommendationsEL-EliminateSL-SubstituteIS-IsolationEC-Engineering ControlAC -Administration ControlPPE- Personal Protection Equipmentrnz

Actions & RecommendationsEg;EL - stop work, cover hazardSL - use other route, other material..IS - put up temporary barrier,EC - construct permanent wall,..AC - put up notice, job rotation,PPE - gloves, respirator,

rnz

SummaryIncident in the workplace is largely caused by lack of management controlIf you think safety is expensive, try accidentsControl OSHA riskPut a management system in placePromote OSHArnz

rnz

***********