Chapter 4,sec.4

Winning the War

The British surrender at Yorktown

Patriots have more than a little help from European Allies

How the huge underdog is able to pull off the stunning

upset

Friedrich von Steuben

Prussian captain Talented drillmaster Tells Geo.

Washington he can help

Will transform raw militia into a fighting force

Marquis de Lafayette

20 years old!!! Aristocrat Will endure Valley

Forge Will help to get

French re-enforcements in 1779

Britain changes war tactics

After Saratoga,they will focus on southern colonies

They hope to gain loyalist support,regain colony control, then move north

1778-they take Savanna,Ga. 1779-Georgia has a Royal governor

Gen. Cornwallis (Britain)

1780-he and Gen. Clinton capture Charleston,S.C.

Greatest British victory of the war

They capture 5500 patriots

Gen. Cornwallis, cont.

He will conquer No./So. Carolina His forces will be joined by escaped slaves He establishes forts across the state Successful for most of 1780 Patriots force back to S.Carolina by year’s

end

1781

Washington will send Gen. Greene/Morgan To attack Gen. Cornwallis

Cornwallis counter-attacks at Cowpens,S.C. expects outnumbered Americans to flee, they don’t!

Redcoats defeated,surrender Cornwallis will win next battle at Guilford

Court house,but victory will be costly

1781,cont.

Gen. Greene(AM) asks Lafayette to get French help

Cornwallis will lead his 7500 man army to Yorktown

French have 6000 men in R.I. Americans, French(with ships) combine forces,

attack British at Yorktown French navy defeats British navy, blockade the

bay, no escape for the British!

Siege of Yorktown

17,000 FR./AM. Soldiers They surround the British Shell them for 3 weeks His troops outnumbered

2-1,weakened,Cornwallis surrenders Oct. 17,1781

Oct. 19,1781, formal surrender, troops lay down weapons

Paris Peace Talks-1782

Four members, Americans, France, England, and Spain

U.S. would not even begin talks until ALL recognize U.S. independence

Britain last to agree, talks begin

Treaty of Paris

Confirms U.S. independence Sets boundaries for the new nation Natives,who did not get involved,or helped

Britain, not protected Loyalists left in the dark, promised legal

rights, but did not get them

Egalitarianism

Means new ideals for Americans!! Lines between rich/poor become less

distinct!!! Respect for all!!! Equality of all people!!! Ability,effort,virtue, will define a person,

not money or family!!!

AS LONG AS YOU ARE A WHITE MAN!!!

Slavery

By 1804,most northern states will outlaw it Southern states make it easier to free

slaves Morality of the issue is debated In the deep south, not so much Reality is that most Africans are still

enslaved, free blacks face discrimination and poverty

Native Americans

They are faced with much uncertainty Many of their communities have been

destroyed Many of the tribes have been displaced Their population east of the Mississippi is

down 50%! Settlers keep pressing west, taking their

land