Chapter 4Chapter 4

Lesson 2Lesson 2

Life in BattleLife in Battle

Life at HomeLife at Home

VocabularyVocabulary

CampCamp

Home FrontHome Front

CivilianCivilian

Let’s DefineLet’s Define

Camp: A group of temporary Camp: A group of temporary shelters, such as tents.shelters, such as tents.

Let’s DefineLet’s Define

Home Front: The civilian activities of Home Front: The civilian activities of a country at war. a country at war.

Let’s DefineLet’s Define

Civilian: A person not serving in the Civilian: A person not serving in the military.military.

Build on What You KnowBuild on What You Know

Not only did the war take men from Not only did the war take men from their families, it also divided some their families, it also divided some families when members supported families when members supported

different sides.different sides.

In the Civil War, you literally had In the Civil War, you literally had brothersbrothers

fighting against each other.fighting against each other.

The Soldier’s LifeThe Soldier’s Life

Soldiers in the Civil War faced Soldiers in the Civil War faced problems other than fighting battles.problems other than fighting battles.

Can you think of some problems they Can you think of some problems they faced?faced?

The Soldier’s LifeThe Soldier’s Life

Many men hoped for excitement and Many men hoped for excitement and glory, but instead found terror in battle, glory, but instead found terror in battle, and boredom in camp. and boredom in camp.

To help with boredom, soldiers read, sang To help with boredom, soldiers read, sang songs, or wrote letters. Some even put on songs, or wrote letters. Some even put on shows or printed newspapers.shows or printed newspapers.

If soldiers got a letter from home, it made If soldiers got a letter from home, it made them “shout for joy!!!”them “shout for joy!!!”

Feeding the SoldiersFeeding the Soldiers

Union soldiers grew tired of eating Union soldiers grew tired of eating the same food almost every day.the same food almost every day.

Confederate soldiers suffered more Confederate soldiers suffered more because they often did not have because they often did not have enough to eat.enough to eat.

Meet the SoldiersMeet the Soldiers

Civil War soldiers came from many Civil War soldiers came from many different backgrounds. At first, different backgrounds. At first, almost all were white and born in almost all were white and born in the United States.the United States.

As the war went on, the Union As the war went on, the Union allowed African Americans to join allowed African Americans to join the army.the army.

Meet the SoldiersMeet the Soldiers

Immigrants also joined the Union Immigrants also joined the Union army. They included people from:army. They included people from:

GermanyGermany

IrelandIreland

ItalyItaly

American Indians fought on both American Indians fought on both sides.sides.

Meet the SoldiersMeet the Soldiers

Thousands of boys went into battle Thousands of boys went into battle even though they were too young. even though they were too young. ((Some served as drummers who sent Some served as drummers who sent signals to soldiers in battle).signals to soldiers in battle).

Hundreds of women on both sides Hundreds of women on both sides disguised themselves as men and disguised themselves as men and joined the army. Women also worked joined the army. Women also worked as spies for one side or the other.as spies for one side or the other.

Meet the SoldiersMeet the Soldiers

More than 3,000 northern women served More than 3,000 northern women served as nurses. as nurses.

Clara Barton was a Union army nurse. Clara Barton was a Union army nurse. She later founded the American Red She later founded the American Red Cross.Cross.

Southern women also cared for wounded Southern women also cared for wounded soldiers in hospitals and in their homes.soldiers in hospitals and in their homes.

Casualties of WarCasualties of War

The Civil War was the deadliest war The Civil War was the deadliest war in American history. in American history.

Disease killed twice as many soldiers Disease killed twice as many soldiers than fighting did.than fighting did.

Rifles could shoot farther and more Rifles could shoot farther and more accurately than ever.accurately than ever.

QuestionQuestion

What did women on both sides of the What did women on both sides of the war do to help their side?war do to help their side?

Answer…Answer…

Dressed as men and joined the armyDressed as men and joined the army

SpiedSpied

Cared for the sick and woundedCared for the sick and wounded

Let’s ReviewLet’s Review

What did soldiers do to fight the What did soldiers do to fight the

boredom of camp life?boredom of camp life?

Answer…Answer…

ReadRead SangSang Wrote lettersWrote letters Printed newspapersPrinted newspapers

Let’s ReviewLet’s Review

The Union army included The Union army included immigrantsimmigrants

from what countries?from what countries?

Answer…Answer…

GermanyGermany ItalyItaly IrelandIreland

Let’s ReviewLet’s Review

What made the Civil War so deadly?What made the Civil War so deadly?

Answer…Answer…

Disease killed twice as many soldiers Disease killed twice as many soldiers than fighting did.than fighting did.

Rifles could shoot farther and more Rifles could shoot farther and more accurately than ever.accurately than ever.

On the Home FrontOn the Home Front

The civil War was difficult for people The civil War was difficult for people at home, especially in the South.at home, especially in the South.

Why was it especially difficultWhy was it especially difficult

for people in the South?for people in the South?

On the Home FrontOn the Home Front The Civil War was especially difficult for The Civil War was especially difficult for

people in the South because most of the people in the South because most of the battles were fought on their land.battles were fought on their land.

Southerners saw their farms become Southerners saw their farms become battlefields. Their cities, homes, and barns battlefields. Their cities, homes, and barns were destroyed.were destroyed.

With the men gone, the women had to take With the men gone, the women had to take on new tasks such as running farms and on new tasks such as running farms and businesses.businesses.

InflationInflation

In the South, soldiers and civilians In the South, soldiers and civilians often did not have enough to eat. often did not have enough to eat. Inflation, or a rise in prices, made Inflation, or a rise in prices, made

food very expensive.food very expensive.

InflationInflation

A barrel of flour that cost $6 in 1861 A barrel of flour that cost $6 in 1861 might cost $1,000 in 1865!might cost $1,000 in 1865!

Butter jumped to $25 per pound!Butter jumped to $25 per pound!

Each Confederate state printed its Each Confederate state printed its own money, but inflation made the own money, but inflation made the money almost worthless.money almost worthless.

Did You Know?Did You Know?

The Emancipation Proclamation was The Emancipation Proclamation was signed in 1863. signed in 1863.

News of the Emancipation News of the Emancipation proclamation didn’t reach Texas until proclamation didn’t reach Texas until June 19, 1865. June 19, 1865.

This day became known as Juneteenth. This day became known as Juneteenth. It is still celebrated in Texas today as It is still celebrated in Texas today as the day slavery ended.the day slavery ended.

SummarySummary

During the war soldiers faced During the war soldiers faced danger in battle and from disease.danger in battle and from disease.

Soldiers came from many different Soldiers came from many different backgroundsbackgrounds

The Civil War affected the lives of The Civil War affected the lives of ALL Americans, not just soldiers.ALL Americans, not just soldiers.

SummarySummary

African Americans and immigrants African Americans and immigrants fought in the war.fought in the war.

Children served as drummers.Children served as drummers.

Women were spies and took on new Women were spies and took on new responsibilities at home. They ran responsibilities at home. They ran farms and businesses, made uniforms, farms and businesses, made uniforms, socks, and bandages.socks, and bandages.

Question…Question…

Who was Clara Barton?Who was Clara Barton?

Answer…Answer…

Clara Barton served as a Union nurse Clara Barton served as a Union nurse and later founded the American Red and later founded the American Red

Cross.Cross.

Just so you know…Just so you know…

During the Civil War, Americans lived During the Civil War, Americans lived through some of the hardest years in through some of the hardest years in

the nation’s history.the nation’s history.

Brave WomenBrave Women

Clara BartonClara Barton1821-19121821-1912

Volunteered as a Union Army nurse.Volunteered as a Union Army nurse. Discovered soldiers did not have enough Discovered soldiers did not have enough

bandages or medicine so she wrote letters bandages or medicine so she wrote letters to newspapers asking people to make to newspapers asking people to make donations.donations.

She risked her life on the battlefield to help She risked her life on the battlefield to help wounded and sick soldiers.wounded and sick soldiers.

Later founded the American Red CrossLater founded the American Red Cross

Brave WomenBrave Women

Elizabeth Van LewElizabeth Van Lew1818-18901818-1890

Opposed slavery even before the war Opposed slavery even before the war began.began.

Lived in Virginia (a southern state) and Lived in Virginia (a southern state) and convinced her mother to free the family’s convinced her mother to free the family’s slaves.slaves.

Became a spy for the Union army.Became a spy for the Union army. When the Confederate soldiers arrived in When the Confederate soldiers arrived in

Richmond, VA. she flew the Union flag for Richmond, VA. she flew the Union flag for all to see.all to see.

Brave WomenBrave Women

Mary ChestnutMary Chestnut

1823-18861823-1886 Kept a diary describing the collapse Kept a diary describing the collapse

of the Confederate government.of the Confederate government. She was a wealthy South Carolinian She was a wealthy South Carolinian

whose husband was a Confederate whose husband was a Confederate general.general.

Opposed to slavery.Opposed to slavery.

Now you know…Now you know…

This is the end of Chapter 4 This is the end of Chapter 4

Lesson 2Lesson 2

Now go show someone how smart you Now go show someone how smart you are!!!are!!!