chapter 3 probing matter (states, properties, & changes)
TRANSCRIPT
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PROBING MATTER
CHAPTER 3
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3.1 STATES OF MATTER
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MATTER
the material substance of the universe that has mass, occupies space, and is convertible to energy
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STATES OF MATTER
solid liquid
gas
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SOLID LIQUID GASHas definite
shapeNo definite shape; take the shape of its container
No definite shape; take the shape of its container
Has definite volume
Has definite volume
Has no definite volumeSmall
compressibility
Large compressibilit
y
Small compressibilit
yVery small
thermal expansion
small thermal expansion
moderate thermal
expansion
High densityMedium density Low density
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PLASMA It is the fourth state of matter and the most common form of matter in the universe
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3.1 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER
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PROPERTIES
Are the distinguishing characteristics that we use to identify different samples of matter
Physical Chemical
These are the characteristics that can be observed without changing the substance to another substance
These are the characteristics that can be observed when the substance undergoes a change in its composition
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Classify each of the following properties of a substance as physical or chemical.
1) color2) flammability3) odor4) boiling point5) oxidation
ANSWER:1) Physical2) Chemical3) Physical4) Physical5) Chemical
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PHYSICAL
COLORMELTING
POINT BOILING POINT
ODOR
TASTESOLUBILITYDENSITY
MALLEABILITY
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CHEMICALCOMBUSTION
OXIDATION
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3.5CHANGES IN MATTER
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CHANGES IN MATTER
Physical Chemical
Takes place without any corresponding changes in composition
Any changes that are accompanied by composition changes
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Examples of physical changes:
1) Setting a jelly2) Melting a butter3) Boiling water4) Sawing a board in half5) Breaking a glass
Examples of chemical changes:6) Rusting of a nail7) Baking a cake8) Fermentation of rice wine9) Tarnishing of silver spoon10)Dissolving antacid in water
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Identify each of the following as physical or chemical change:
1) Digesting a chocolate bar2) Bleaching a stain3) Chopping a sweet potato4) Developing a polaroid picture5) Inflating a balloon
ANSWERS:6) Chemical7) Chemical8) Physical9) Chemical10)Physical
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SOLID GASLIQUID
SUBLIMATION
SOLIDIFICATION
MELTING EVAPORATION
CONDENSATIONFREEZING
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SOLID GASLIQUID
1. _________________
6. ____________________
2. ___________ 3. ______________
4. _______________5. _______________