chapter 3 molecules of cells proteins. ever had a bad hair day?
TRANSCRIPT
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CHAPTER 3MOLECULES OF CELLS
PROTEINS
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Ever had a bad hair day?
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FUNCTIONS OF PROTEINS1. Homeostatic: 2. Structural:3. Hormonal- neural: 4. Enzymatic:5. Transport:6. Protection:7. Contractile: 8. Storage:
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1. Homeostatic: proteins acts as buffers in body fluids
are they water soluble?
2. Structural:connective tissue proteins like
collagen (forming nails, feathers, hair…)are they water soluble?
FUNCTIONS OF PROTEINS
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3. Hormonal-neural (signaling): hormones like insulin neurotransmittersreceptors on cell membrane
what is their function?4. Enzymatic:
catalysts in reactionswhat is their function?
FUNCTIONS OF PROTEINS
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5. Transport:cell membrane proteinshemoglobin and myoglobin
what do they transport?6. Protection:
antibodiesfibrinogen, thrombin
what do they protect from?
FUNCTIONS OF PROTEINS
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7. Contractile: myosin, actin
where are they found?what is their function?
8. Storage: albumin in eggs, bloodcasein in milkaleurone, gluten in seeds
what is their function?
FUNCTIONS OF PROTEINS
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Structure of an amino acid
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Examples of amino acids
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Dipeptide formation
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Dipeptide formation
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Primary structure of proteins
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What is the importance of the primary structure?
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Symptoms• Delayed growth in children• Shortness of breath, dizziness and headache • Eye problems• Gallstones and nausea• Ulcers on the legs• Chest pain, lung damage leading to hypertension• Spleen problems leading to blood transfusions
and infections like pneumonia, meningitis, hepatitis
• Multiple organ failure and DEATH• Stroke leading to brain damage, paralysis and
DEATH
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What maintains the primary structure?
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What determines the primary structure?
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Secondary structure of proteins
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What maintains the secondary structure?
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Tertiary structure of proteins
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What maintains the tertiary structure?
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What is the importance of the tertiary structure?
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Types of tertiary structure
• Fibrous proteins perform structural functions: tendon, hair,
nail-Long polypeptide chains or sheets.-Insoluble in water, very strong and tough
• Globular proteins function as enzymes, antibodies, hormones
-Folded as globular or spherical molecules-Soluble in water
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What happens if a protein folds incorrectly?
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Cystic fibrosis
1 amino acid loss in a 1480 amino acid long protein
causes this life-threatening disease
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Alzheimer’sMad cow disease
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Is there a difference between cooked egg white and raw egg white? Describe.
Is there a difference between permed hair and straightened hair? Describe.
Is there a difference between cooked meat and raw meat? Describe.
Can you taste the difference between cooked milk and raw milk?
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Denaturation of proteins• Denaturation is a process in which a
protein loses its specific structure and hence function. Factors that cause denaturation of protein
1- High temperature2- pH changes3- Excess salt
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