chapter 3: methodology chapter 4: result …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/fyp1-rb.pdfresult and...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGYCHAPTER 4: RESULT AND
DISCUSSION
![Page 2: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
WHAT IS RESEARCH?
The systematic, rigorous investigation of a situation or
problem in order to generate new knowledge or validate
existing knowledge
![Page 3: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
TYPE OF RESEARCH
On a broad perspective, all researches can be classified into two groups:
• Qualitative Research
• Quantitative Research
![Page 4: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
• Is research dealing with phenomena that are difficult or impossible to quantify
mathematically, such as beliefs, meanings, attributes and symbols
• Qualitative researchers aim to gather an in-depth understanding of human behaviour
and the reason that govern such behaviour. The qualitative method investigates the
why and how of decision making, not just what, where, when.
![Page 5: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
• Refer to the systematic empirical investigation of any phenomena via statistical,
mathematical or computational techniques. The objective of quantitative research is
to develop and employ mathematical models, theories and/or hypotheses pertaining
to phenomena.
• Quantitative research is generally made using scientific methods, which include:
• The generation of models, theories and hypotheses
• The development of instruments and methods for measurement
• Experimental control and manipulation of variables
• Collection of empirical data
• Modelling and analysis of data
![Page 6: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
METHODOLOGY
Research
ProblemSolutionMethodology
![Page 7: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
METHODOLOGY
• The methods section describes the rationale for the application of specific
procedures or techniques used to identify, select, and analyze information applied to
understanding the research problem, thereby, allowing the reader to critically
evaluate a study’s overall validity and reliability. The methodology section of a
research paper answers two main questions: How was the data collected or
generated? And, how was it analyzed? The writing should be direct and precise
and always written in the past tense.
![Page 8: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
METHODOLOGY
• Readers need to know how the data/result was obtained because the method you chose
affects the findings and, by extension, how you likely interpreted them.
• There are a variety of different methods you can choose to investigate a research problem.
The methodology section of your paper should clearly explain the reasons why you chose
a particular procedure or technique.
• The methodology should discuss the problems that were anticipated and the steps you
took to prevent them from occurring.
• It is important to always provide sufficient information to allow reader to adopt or
replicate your methodology.
![Page 9: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
CONTENT OUTLINE
• Chapter 3: Methodology
• Background Knowledge
• Example – Band Gap
• Example - Photoluminescence
• Sample preparation
• Sample 1
• Sample 2
• Data collection method/technique
• Method 1
• Block Diagram
• Flow chart
• Method 2
• Block Diagram
• Flow chart
![Page 10: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE
![Page 11: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
SAMPLE PREPARATION
![Page 12: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
DATA COLLECTION METHOD/TECHNIQUE 1
![Page 13: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
DATA COLLECTION METHOD/TECHNIQUE 2
![Page 14: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
DATA COLLECTION METHOD/TECHNIQUE 2
![Page 15: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
CONTENT OUTLINE
• Chapter 4: Results Discussion
• Result 1 – example – temperature dependent
• Results
• Discussion
• Result 2 - example – time dependent
• Results
• Discussion
• Result 3 - example – power dependent
• Results
• Discussion
![Page 16: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
• Result
• Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study in the form of figures,
tables or text so that the key information is conveyed and highlighted.
• Discussion
• It discusses the result of the study in relation to the hypotheses. It highlight the main
findings, their significant and implications
• Explaining the outcome of the simulation and testing,.. Why?
![Page 17: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
RESULTS
• Be concise, using non-textual elements appropriately, such as figures and tables, to
present results more effectively. In deciding what data to describe in your results
section, you must clearly distinguish information that would normally be included in
a research paper from any raw data or other content that could be included as an
appendix.
![Page 18: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
RESULTS (DATA)
![Page 19: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
RESULTS (DATA)
![Page 20: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
RESULTS
• Avoid providing data that is not critical to answering the research question /
problem. The background information you described in the introduction section
should provide the reader with any additional context or explanation needed to
understand the results.
![Page 21: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
DISCUSSION
• The purpose of the discussion is to interpret and describe the significance of your
results in addressing the problem statements . The discussion will always connect to
the introduction by way of the research questions or hypotheses you posed and the
literature you reviewed, but it does not simply repeat or rearrange the introduction;
the discussion should always explain how your study/result has moved the
reader's understanding of the research problem forward from where you left
them at the end of the introduction.
![Page 22: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
DISCUSSION
![Page 23: CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 4: RESULT …fyp.bmi.unikl.edu.my/docs/FYP1-RB.pdfRESULT AND DISCUSSION •Result •Presents a complete account of results and analyses of the study](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040410/5ed1818f7ccbff5d266f296e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)