Chapter 28: Chapter 28: Nuclear ChemistryNuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Chemistry…Nuclear Chemistry…I.I. Nuclear DecayNuclear DecayII.II. Nuclear Stability and Valley of StabilityNuclear Stability and Valley of StabilityIII.III. Other Nuclear ReactionsOther Nuclear ReactionsIV.IV. Fusion and FissionFusion and FissionV.V. Detecting RadiationDetecting RadiationVI.VI. Nuclear Waste and other ….Nuclear Waste and other ….

Nuclear ParticlesNuclear Particles

Alpha particle Alpha particle

Beta particleBeta particle

Gamma particleGamma particle

4 2He

β

Alpha DecayAlpha Decay

Alpha particles are a helium nucleus with a Alpha particles are a helium nucleus with a +2 charge…+2 charge…

Beta DecayBeta Decay

Beta particles are fast Beta particles are fast moving electrons with moving electrons with no mass and -1 no mass and -1 charge…charge…

Gamma DecayGamma Decay

Gamma radiation is like light and energy from Gamma radiation is like light and energy from an explosion…it occurs with alpha or beta an explosion…it occurs with alpha or beta decay as a secondary product.decay as a secondary product.

Penetration PowerPenetration Power

Nuclear ReactionsNuclear ReactionsNuclear FusionNuclear Fusion

Nuclear Fusion… Combining of 2 smaller Nuclear Fusion… Combining of 2 smaller nuclei to make one larger nucleus.nuclei to make one larger nucleus.

We cannot conduct nuclear fusion to We cannot conduct nuclear fusion to produce energy because it requires too produce energy because it requires too much energy input and too much hear.much energy input and too much hear.

Nuclear FissionNuclear Fission

Nuclear Fission is the reaction used to Nuclear Fission is the reaction used to power submarines, aircraft carriers, and power submarines, aircraft carriers, and nuclear power plants.nuclear power plants.

Fission is the splitting of atoms into 2 Fission is the splitting of atoms into 2 smaller nuclei.smaller nuclei.

Detecting RadiationDetecting Radiation

Gieger counters count electron strikes in a Gieger counters count electron strikes in a gas tube.gas tube.

Scintilation counters count electron strikes Scintilation counters count electron strikes to a phosphorescent screen.to a phosphorescent screen.

Film ID badges are worn by employees and Film ID badges are worn by employees and analyzed at night or at the end of the week analyzed at night or at the end of the week to see radiation strikes.to see radiation strikes.