BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONSElectronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO192 CHAPTER 26 SATELLITE MULTIPLE ACCESSING ARRANGEMENTS #DEFINITIONSTERMS 1) Also called as Multiple Destination, It implies that more than one user has access to one or more radio channels within a satellite communications channel. Multiple Accessing Arrangement: Frequency-division multiple accessing (FDMA) Time-division multiple accessing (TDMA) Code-division multiple accessing (CDMA) Multiple Accessing 2) A given number of the available voice-band channels from each earth station are assigned a dedicated destination. Pre-assignment(dedicated) 3) Voice channels are assigned on an as-needed basis. Demand Assignment 4) The method of assigning adjacent channels different electromagnetic polarizations and is possible by using orthogonal polarization and spacing adjacent channels 20 MHz apart. Frequency Reuse 5) Eskimo word meaning little brother. Anik 6)Domestic Satellites operated by Telsat Canada. Anik-E communications Satellite 7) A method of multiple accessing where a given RF bandwidth is divided into smaller frequency bands. FDMA 8) Multiple channel per carrier formats assigned and remain fixed for a long Period of time. Fixed-Assignment, Multiple Access (FAMA) BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONSElectronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO193 9) Assigning carrier frequency on temporary basis using a statistical assignmentprocess. Demand-Assignment Multiple Access 10) An acronym for Single-channel-per-carrier PCM multiple Access Demand-assignment Equipment. SPADE 11) Stands for Single-Carrier-Per-Channel. SCPC 12) A time division-multiplexed transmission that isfrequency division multiplexed. Common Signaling Channel (CSC) 13) ThepredominantMultiple-accessmethodoftime-divisionmultiplexingdigitallymodulatedcarriers betweenparticipatingearthstationswithinasatellite network through a common satellite transponder. TDMA 14) An RF-to-RF repeater that simply receives the earth station transmissions, amplifies them, and then re-transmit them in a downlink beam that is received by all other participating station. Transponder 15) It is where transmissions from all earth stations are synchronized. Reference Burst 16) It is where all receiving stations recover a frequency and phase coherent carrier for PSK demodulation Carrier Recovery Sequence (CRS) 17) An acronym for Conference of European Postal and Telecommunications Administrations, is commonly used TDMA frame format for digital satellite system CEPT 18) Sometimes referred to as Spread-Spectrum Multipleentire allocated bandwidth Access, the transmissions can spread throughout theCode-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONSElectronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO194 19) A unique binary word that each earth stations transmissions are encoded. Chip Code 20) It compare two signals and recover the original data. Correlator 21) It assigns an individual terrestrial channel (TC) to a particular satellite channel (SC) for the duration of the call. Digital non interpolated Interface 22) It assigns a terrestrial channel to a satellite channel only when speech energy is present on the TC. Digital Speech Interpolated Interface 23) A form of analog channel compression that has been used for sub oceanic cables for many years. Time-Assignment Speech Interpolation (TASI) 24) The art or science of plotting, ascertaining or directing thecourseofmovements,inotherwords,knowing whereyouareandbeingabletofindyourway around. Navigation 25) It is the most ancient and rudimentary method of navigationandsimplycontinuingtotravelaboutuntil you reach your destination, assuming of course that you have one. Wandering 26) Earliesteffectivemeansofnavigationwherein directionanddistancearedeterminedfromprecisely timedsightingsofcelestialbodies,includingthestars and moon. Celestial Navigation 27) Method of navigation by means of fixing a position and direction with respect to familiar, significant landmarks such as railroad tracks, water towers, barns, mountains and bodies of water. Piloting BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONSElectronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO195 28) A navigation technique that determines position by extrapolating a series of measured velocity increments. Dead Reckoning 29) The term derived from the word deduced and not necessarily from the fate of the people who used the technique. Dead 30) He used dead reckoning successfully in 1927 during his historic 33-hour transatlantic journey. Charles Lindbergh 31) She attempted to make the first around-the-world in 1937 using the dead reckoning technique. Amelia Earhart 32) Navigationtechniquewhereinthepositionisdeter-minedbymeasuringthetraveltimeofanelectro magneticwaveasitmovesfromatransmittertoa receiver. Radio Navigation 33) AradioNavigationsystemforterrestrialsurface broadcast. Decca 34) Radio Navigation system that provide global coverage and terrestrial surface broadcast. Omega 35)Also a terrestrial surface broadcast. LORAN 36) Low-orbitsatellitebroadcast,providesglobal coverage. Navy Transit GPS 37) Medium-orbitsatellitebroadcastalsoprovidesglobal coverage. Navstar GPS 38) MeansofradionavigationinwhichreceiversacquireCodedsignalsfromtwopairsofhigh-powered,land basedtransmitterswhoselocationsareprecisely known. LORAN 39) An acronym for Navigation System with Time and Ranging. Navstar BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONSElectronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO196 40) An abbreviation for Global Positioning System. Two levels of service or accuracy: Standard Positioning Service Precise Positioning Service GPS 41) A satellite-based open navigation system which simply means that it is available to anyone equipped with a GPS receiver. Consists of three segments: a space segment a ground control segment user segment Navstar GPS 42) It is whenwas the Navstar declared as fully operational by the U.S. Air Force Space Command. April 27, 1995 43) It was completed in 1994 and is maintained by the United States Air Force. Navstar Satellite System 44) A positioning and timing service that is available to all GPS users on a continuous, worldwide basis with no direct change. Standard Positioning Service 45) SometimescalledSpaceSegment,consistsof 24operational satellites revolving around Earth in six orbitalplanesapproximately60apartwithfour satellites in each plane. Satellite Segment 46) It produces highly accurate timing signals for satellites. Cesium Atomic Clock 47) A unique integer number that is used to encrypt the signal from that satellite. Pseudorandom Noise (PRN) Code Number 48) A term associated with a table showing the position of a heavenly body on a number dates in a regular sequence, in essence, an astronomical almanac. Ephemeris BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONSElectronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO197 49) Error in the receivers clock which affects the accuracy of the time-difference measurement. Clock Bias Error 50) The Navstar control segment. It consists of : Fixed-location ground based monitor stations Master Control Station uplink transmitter Operational Control System 51) It makes standard GPS more accurate. It works by canceling out most of the natural and man-made errors that creep into normal GPS measurements. Differential GPS