CHAPTER 24 SECTION 3Revolution and Reform in France

I. Discontent and Revolution

A. The “Citizen King”1. Louis Philippe- Liberal Bourbon monarch 2. Came to power after the revolt of July 18303. Favored conservative upper middle class4. Monarchist- wanted a direct descendant of

Charles X5. Bonapartists- wanted to revive Napoleon’s

empire6. Republicans wanted a republic7. Food shortages and unemployment

heightened tensions

I. Discontent and Revolution

B. Revolution of 18481. Erupted after Louis Philippe decree restricted

free speech2. National Guard troops joined in rioting3. Louis Philippe abdicated and left for England4. Started the Second Republic

a. Allowed all men to voteb. Elected the National Assembly to write a

constitutionc. Elected Louis-Napoleon as president

i. Labor unions permitted to strikeii. All men were allowed to vote

II. Louis-Napoleon and the Second French Empire

A. Louis- Napoleon1. Nephew of Napoleon- hoped to restore the empire2. Arrests 70 members of National Assembly over issue

of extending terms3. Put issue to a plebiscite

b. The Second French Empire4. Louis Napoleon given a 10 year term5. 1852- Senate passed a resolution to restore the

empire- Louis Napoleon elected Emperor Napoleon III6. Authoritarian Regime

a. Encouraged the building of canals, railroads, and other transportation to encourage growth of industries

III. Foreign ConflictsA. The Crimean War

1. Russia claimed authority over certain holy places

2. France, Great Britain, and Ottoman Empire form alliance and declare war on Russia

3. Most fighting was in Crimea, a peninsula in southern Russia

4. Russia is defeatedb. Overseas Empire

5. Napoleon III tried to build a colonial empire6. Failure in Mexico

IV. Foreign Conflictsc. Franco-Prussian War

1. Prussia was trying to unite all German states2. Otto von Bismarck decided a war with France

would unite the German states3. Terrible for France- Napoleon captured4. 1871 Paris fell to the Prussians

d. France under German Domination5. Treaty of Frankfurt

a. Gave up Alsace and eastern Lorraineb. Large payments to Germany

V. Third RepublicA. The Third times a charm Republic

1. Constitution of 1875 made France a republic2. France governed by a cabinet, headed by the

premier3. President would be elected by the legislature

for 7 year terms4. Legislature was made up of the Senate and

Chamber of deputies 5. Many fractions but manages to last for nearly

70 yearsa. Reactionaries, moderates, and radicals

VI. Third RepublicA. Scandals

1. Panama Canal project2. Dreyfus affair

a. A Jewish army Captain Alfred Dreyfus was accused and convicted of giving French military secrets to Germany

b. Sentenced to life in prison even though evidence showed he was innocent

c. Attempt to discredit the Third Republicb. Reform and Coalition

3. 1905 church state were separated4. No political group had complete control they would have to

form coalitions5. Accomplishments included free public education, medical

care for elderly, expansion of business, 12 hr work day, and a minimum age of thirteen for working children

Assignment Complete Events in France worksheet