chapter 24 ppt

Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 24Occupational Health Nursing


Chapter Highlights

• Characteristics of the worker and workplace

• Roles and responsibilities of occupational health nurses

• Models for occupational health practice

• Worker and workplace assessment

• Health promotion in workplace settings

• Use of epidemiologic techniques in occupational health

• Emergency preparedness and disaster management


Question

Is the following statement True or False?

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is the federal agency that sets exposure standards and is responsible for enforcement of safety and health legislation.


Answer

False

Rationale: Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)—the federal agency that sets exposure standards and is responsible for enforcement of safety and health legislation.

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)—the federal agency established to help ensure safe and healthy working conditions by conducting scientific research, gathering information, and providing education and training in occupational safety and health.


American Association of Occupational Health Nurses (AAOHN)

• Professional association for nurses working in an business setting, dedicated to the health and safety of workers, worker populations, and community groups.


National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

• The federal agency established to help ensure safe and healthy working conditions by conducting scientific research, gathering information, and providing education and training in occupational safety and health.


Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

• The federal agency that sets exposure standards and is responsible for enforcement of safety and health legislation.


Ergonomics

• Study of the relationship between people and their working environment


The Worker and the Workplace

• The occupational health nursing process begins with assessment of both the worker and the workplace.

• Hazards

– Biological

– Chemicals

– Physical

– Psychosocial


Biological Hazards

• Hazards resulting from living organisms that cause adverse effects on people


Chemical Hazards

• Generated from liquids, solids, dusts, fumes, vapors, and gases


Physical Hazards

• Hazards that result from the transfer of physical energy to workers


Psychosocial Hazards

• All organizational factors and interpersonal relationships in the workplace that may affect the health of the workers


Occupational Health Nursing

• History

• Standards of practice

• The primary responsibility of the OHN is that of injury prevention and health promotion, including recognition of conditions that may harm the individual worker or the community.


Conceptual Frameworks

• The epidemiologic triad includes:

– Host

– Agent

– Environment

• Practice models includes:

– Hanasaari

– Collaboration and reciprocation


Occupational Health Nursing: Practice

• Clinician

• Case manager

– Root cause analysis

• Counselor/consultant

• Health promotion specialist

• Manager/administrator

– Occupational safety and health administration compliance

• Researcher


Root Cause Analysis

• A process for understanding and solving a problem with the goal of determining what happened, why it happened, and what can be done to prevent its reoccurrence


Assessment

• Worker assessment

– Occupational health history

• Workplace assessment

– Workplace walk-through

• Occupational Health History


Occupational Health History

• An assessment of the characteristics of the workers present jobs, a chronological record of all past work and potential exposures, an occupational exposure inventory, and a list of other exposures in the home or community


Workplace Walk-Through

• A complete survey of the workplace, inside and outside, compiling information as to the presence of hazards, the location of entries and exits, the availability of emergency equipment, and potential trouble spots


Implementing Health Promotion in the Workplace

• Developing a team approach

• Choosing interventions

• Implementing a smoking cessation program


Epidemiology and Occupational Health

• Epidemiologic surveillance

– Incidence

– Prevalence

– Ratios

• Epidemiologic studies

– The knowledge base generated through epidemiological studies is used to identify and prevent injury and disease


Emergency Preparedness Planning and Disaster Management

• Concepts of an emergency preparedness plan

• Critical functions of the plan

chapter 24 ppt

Documents

health legislation

health nioshthe federal

enforcement of safety

safety of workers

workplace roles

worker populations

exposure standards

healthy working conditions