Chapter 23 - The Age of Nationalism (1850-1914) Name:_______________________________________

I. Napoleon III in France

Define the following terms as they apply to 19th century politics.

Conservative Liberal Radical

a. France's Second Republic

What were the four reasons Louis Napoleon was elected over other presedential candidates in 1848?

How did Louis Napoleon envision the role of the government in serving the people?

How did Louis Napoleon gain power in 1851? How did he justify this action in later years?

b. Napoleon III's Second Empire

How did Louis Napoleon improve the economy?

How did Napoleon III progressively liberalize France in the 1860's?

II. Nation Building in Italy and Germany

a. Italy to 1850

Describe the geographic battleground that was Italy before 1850.

Lombardy and Venetia:

Sardinia and Piedmont:

Tuscany:

Central Italy and Rome:

Naples and Sicily:

What was the unification program of Giuseppi Mazzini, and why did it fail?

Why did the leadership of Piedmont-Sardinia seem ideally suited to lead Italy towards national unification?

Why did the papacy oppose Italian unification? What was the Syllabus of Errors ?

b. Cavour and Garibaldi in Italy

What steps did Cavour take to create a northern Italian state?

What led to the unification of northern and southern Italy?

Why did divisions still exist in a united Italy?

c. The Growing Austro-Prussian rivalry

Why would Austria, Russia and France oppose a unified German nation?

What was the Zollverein? Why was this a point of discontent between Prussia and Austria?

Why did the middle-class pose a major obstacle to William I's proposed reforms? What was the result?

d. Bismarck and the Austro-Prussian War

Discuss what Bismarck meant when he said "The great questions of the day will not be decided by speeches and resolutions - that

was the blunder of 1848 and 1849 - but by blood and iron".

What led to the Austro-Prussian War?

What were the results of the Austro-Prussian War? How did this victory help German unification?

e. The Taming of Parliament

Describe the federal constitution Bismarck created.

Each state -

King of Prussia -

Chancellor -

Federal Governement -

Legislature -

What happened to the liberal middle-class that had argued against conservative rule?

f. The Franco-Prussian War

Why did Bismarck want war with France?

Results for Germany:

Describe the way Germans now perceived Germany.

III. The Modernization of Russian and the Ottoman Empire

a. The "Great Reforms" in Russia

Why was Russia in need of reform? (include the impact of the Crimean War)

What happened in 1861? How did impact serfs?

What was the zemstvo? Was it effective? Why or why not?

How did ralroads help Russia?

What does it mean that Russia used westerners to catch up with the west? Results?

b. The Russian Revolution of 1905

How did defeat in the Russo-Japanese War lead to the revolution of 1905 in Russia?

What was "Bloody Sunday"?

What was the "October Manifesto" and what impact did it have on the Russian population?

Describe the role of the czar and Duma.

c. Decline and Reform in the Ottoman Empire

What was happening to the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century? (give specific examples)

Why did the European powers come to its defense?

What was the Tanzimat? What did it accomplish?

Who were the "Young Turks"? What were they upset about?

IV. The Responsive National State

a. General Trends

Why did the majority of people feel loyalty to their nation-state by the end of the 19th century?

What were some of the negatve consequences on nationalism?

b. The German Empire

How did Bismarck win the allegiance of:

The Catholic Church Socialists

c. Republican France

What led to a new sense of national unity in France?

How did the Third Republic try to win the people over?

What was the Dreyfus Affair? What effects did it have on France?

d. Great Britain and Ireland

Describe the achievements 0f the following leaders/political parties.

Benjamin Disraeli and the Conservatives

David Lloyd George/ William Gladstone and the Liberals

Explain the obstacles that stood in the way of Irish home-rule.

e. The Austro-Hungarian Empire

Explain the dual monarchy that was Austria-Hungary. (commonalities and differences)

How did nationalism serve to weaken unity in Austria-Hungary?

f. Jewish Emancipation and Modern Anti-Semitism

Why was 1871 a milestone for Jewish emancipation?

Why and how did modern anti-semites attack the Jewish population?

Who was Theodore Herzl and what is Zionism?

Where was anti-semitism strongest? Explain what happened to Jews in Russia.

V. Marxism and the Socialist Movement

a. The Socialist International

Describe the growth of socialism in Europe betwee 1880-1912.

b. Unions and Revisionism

Why were industrial workers becoming more moderate in their demands?

How did Unions grow in the 1900's?

Great Britain Germany

What did Eduard Bernatein argue in "Evolutionary Socialism"?

Document Based Question (DBQ)

Read the "Introduction" on page A-2 (at the end of the textbook). Keep that in mind as you examine the documents on A-18 - A-21.

DBQ 9: Ideologies and Nationalism

Question: Discuss the concepts that become the foundations of aggressive nationalism during the period 1815-1914.

Document Document 1: Delacroix, Document 2: Darwin, On Document 3: Fabri, Bedarf Document 4: Herzl, Document 5: Maps of

Massacre at Chios the Origin of Species Deutschland der Kalonien? Der Judenstaat the unified Italian and

German states

Summary

Point

of view

Write a thesis statement that specifically addresses the above question: