Chapter 22

Section 3

Expanding Interests in Asia and Latin America

A Power in the Pacific

• In 1850s, Commodore Perry opened Japan to Western trade and culture. 1854-under threat of force Japan signed a treaty giving American ships access to its ports

• 1890s – Japan defeated China.

• sphere of influence – area where foreign nations claimed special rights and economic privileges.

The U.S. and China

• 1890s; many European

countries and Japan established prosperous settlements along the coast of China.

• U.S. (John Hays) proposed Open Door Policy: No single country should have a monopoly on trade with China.

• Chinese against foreigners; Boxer Rebellion – uprising of Chinese against foreigners.

America secures the Philippines

• 1902- U.S. put down the independence movement in the Philippines.

• Philippines would provide a path to Chinese markets.

• U.S. controlled a

chain of islands in the Pacific; Hawaii and Guam. (pg. 704-705)

U.S. Interests in Latin America

• Panama Canal – needed a connection between the Atlantic and Pacific.

• U.S. supported a revolution in Panama to secure rights for the canal.

• Eventually paid (1921) Colombia $25 million.

Panama Canalin the making

• Construction began in 1906; finished 1914.

• 44,000 workers.

• Cost $350-$380 million to build.

• More than 5,500 died of disease and accidents.

• Malaria – an infectious disease marked by cycles of chills and fever.

Panama Canal continues

• President Roosevelt-first U.S. President to leave the United States while President.

-the Panama Canal on August 15, 1914.

• The canal today still helps move people and goods all around the world.

U.S. Involvement in Latin America

• Businesses wanted resources from the South; bananas, coffee, copper. Sell at higher prices in the U.S. Land for farming and mining.

• Theodore Roosevelt – reminded Europe of the Monroe Doctrine: the policy that barred European nations from intervening in Latin America

• Added the Roosevelt Corollary – authorizing U.S. to police the region; would intervene in Latin America’s domestic affairs if necessary.