CHAPTER 20

The West in an Age of Religious Conflict

and Global Expansion, 1500 – 1650

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1. The Protestant Reformation

A. Roots of the Reformation1. Corruption, scandal, and abuse

B. The Lutheran Revolt1. Martin Luther2. Luther’s beliefs3. Response

C. The Rising Tide of Rebellion1. Spread of Lutheranism

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1. The Protestant Reformation (cont’d)

D. Henry VIII and the English Reformation1. Political roots2. Split with Rome

E. Calvin and the Elect1. Teachings2. Geneva

F. The Spread of Protestantism1. Fragmentation

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2. The Catholic Counterreformation

A. The Council of TrentB. The Roman and Spanish InquisitionsC. New Religious Orders

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3. Religious and Political Strife in Europe

A. The Spanish Catholic Crusade1. Philip II of Spain2. The Dutch revolt3. The Spanish Armada

B. The Wars of Religion in France1. Civil war2. Henry IV and the Edict of Nantes3. Farming, family, and gender

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3. Religious and Political Strife in Europe (cont’d)

C. The Thirty Years War1. Causes2. Course3. Consequences

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4. The Globalization of Western Christianity and Commerce

A. Catholicism’s Global Expansion1. Conversion and adaptation

B. Merchant Capitalism and Global Trade1. European capitalism2. Mercantilism3. Government and global trade

C. Colonies, Commerce, and Religion

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5. Western Society in an Age of Religious and Economic Change

A. Warfare, Disease, and Witch Hunts1. Endemic warfare2. New diseases3. The witchcraft craze

B. Social Effects of Economic Expansion1. Economic winners and losers2. Cottage industry

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5. Western Society in an Age of Religious and Economic Change (cont’d)

C. Family, Gender, Education, and Diet1. The changing European family2. Learning and literacy3. New foods

D. Change in the Role of Religion

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