CHAPTER 20-The Jazz Age

Section 1-A Clash of Values

Key Idea During the 1920s, clashes between traditional and modern values shook the

U.S.

Nativism Resurges In the 1920’s racism

and nativism increased Fear of Germans and

Communists expand to all immigrants

Competition for jobs increased

How and why does this happen?

Nativism Resurges Sacco and Vanzetti case (April

1920) Accused of murder and theft

Italian immigrants and anarchists

Executed August 1927

Eugenics Improve hereditary traits

Major proponent - Woodrow Wilson immigration control

What foreign country practiced this in the 1930’s and 1940’s?

Nativism Resurges The Ku Klux Klan pushes to restrict

immigration Targets Jewish, Catholics, other “un-

Americans”

Membership ↑ KKK spreads North

Laws that limit immigration force KKK out of spotlight,

politics

Controlling Immigration Emergency Quota Act (1921)

Limits immigration – 3% of total ethnic pop. already in US/yr

National Origins Act of 1924 makes this permanent Lowers quota to 2% for each national group

Limits southern and eastern European immigrants

Hispanic immigration increases after the Mexican Revolution of 1910 Help with agriculture, mining, and railroad work

Western Hemisphere exempt from immigration laws

The New Morality A “new morality” challenged

traditional ideas, glorified youth and personal freedom How can you compare this to today?

New ideas on marriage, work, entertainment, and a woman’s role in society

Automobile exemplifies this

The New Morality Women’s fashion drastically changed

Flappers

Professionally, women make advances in science, medicine and law

American Birth Control League – becomes Planned Parenthood

The Charleston http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YR78tfjJVew

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJC21zzkwoE

The Fundamentalist Movement Some Americans feared the new

morality

Fundamentalism Rejected Darwin’s theory of Evolution

Champion Creationism

Bible is literally true

1925 Butler Act Illegal to conflict with Creationism in

Tennessee schools

Scopes Trial HS teacher put on trial

Prohibition Many people felt the 18th Amendment would better society – unemployment, poverty, domestic violence Volstead Act – enforce Prohibition,

Federal police powers expanded

Americans largely ignore Prohibition Speakeasies Crime becomes big business

Ex. Al Capone

21st amendment in 1933 ends prohibition - Why?

Victory for modernism/defeat for supporters of traditional values