Chapter 20 Support and Movement Chapter 21 Digestion Review

What type of skeleton do humans have?

a. Exoskeletonb. Ectoskeletonc. Endoskeletond. Muscoloskeleton

True or False

• Your skeletal system is made mostly of bone.

True

True or False

• Bone is a very soft tissue, which is also a little flexible.

• False

True or False

• Your skeleton also contains cartilage, which is tough, flexible tissue.

• True• What are some examples of cartilage?• Nose and ears

What makes up the axial skeleton?

a. Chest, arms, backboneb. Skull, rib cage, backbonec. Legs, arms, skulld. Rib cage, arms, hips

True or False

• The Appendicular skeleton consists of the shoulder, hip, pelvis, arms, and legs.

• True

The Skeletal System cont.• Human skeleton is divided into 2 main parts:– Axial skeleton: skull, rib cage, backbone– Appendicular skeleton: shoulder, hip, pelvis, arms,

legs

How many bones make up the average adult human body?

a. 100b. 300c. 250d. 206

What is the largest bone in the human body?

a. Femurb. Skullc. Ribd. Backbone

Structure of Bones cont.• The hardest part of the bone is called the

compact bone, which is made up of living bone cells, tough protein fibers, and mineral deposits.– Calcium is the mineral that makes bone hard and

gives bone its strength.

Structure of Bones cont.• The ends of bones are made up of spongy bone,

which have many spaces like a sponge.– Its structure adds strength to bone without adding

much weight.

Structure of Bones cont.• The space in the spongy bone are filled with bone

marrow, which is a soft tissue.– New blood cells are made in red marrow which can be

found in spongy bone.– The center, or shaft, of long bones contain yellow

marrow, which is made mostly of fat cells.

What holds your bones together?

a. Tendonsb. Ligamentsc. Musclesd. Joints

What type of joint is this?

a. Hinge Jointb. Ball-and-Socket Jointc. Pivotal Jointd. Gliding Joint

What type of joint is this?

a. Hinge Jointb. Ball-and-Socket Jointc. Pivotal Jointd. Gliding Joint

What type of joint is this?

a. Hinge Jointb. Ball-and-Socket Jointc. Pivotal Jointd. Gliding Joint

What type of joint is this?

a. Hinge Jointb. Ball-and-Socket Jointc. Pivotal Jointd. Gliding Joint

Formation of Bones• As a developing baby,

your skeleton was made mostly of cartilage.– During the 2nd and 3rd

months of development bones begin to form.

– Bone cells replace cartilage and calcium compounds were deposited

At what age is the replacement of cartilage into bone completed?

a. 10b. 15c. 20d. 30

How many muscles does the human body contain?

a. 100b. 300c. 234d. More than 600

What type of muscles are attached to bone and allow us to move?

a. Smooth (involuntary)b. Cardiacc. Skeletal (voluntary)d. Rough

What type of muscles are ones that we can not control?

a. Smooth (involuntary)b. Cardiacc. Skeletal (voluntary)d. Rough

Muscle actions cont.

• A muscle that bends a joint is called a flexor.• A muscle that straightens a joint is called an

extensor.

Skin• Skin is the largest organ

of the human body.• Dead skin cells form

much of the outer layer of skin, which is called the epidermis.

• The main function for skin is to support and protect the body.

What type of digestion occurs when food is physically broken down into

smaller pieces?

a. Chemicalb. Mechanicalc. Psychologicald. Mental

What type of digestion occurs when large food molecules are broken down

into smaller molecules?

a. Chemicalb. Mechanicalc. Psychologicald. Mental