Chapter 20 – Revolutions in Europe and Latin America

1800’s

A major change or turning point

Revolution

Conservative leader from Austria who wanted to restore and protect absolute monarchs.

Famous Quote – ‘When France/Paris Sneezes, Europe Catches Cold’

Prince Clemons Von Metternich

‘IDEAS’- system of thoughts and beliefs.

ideologies

‘Conserve’ or Save tradition – the old orderWant to ‘Conserve the old ways’

Conservatives

Want gradual change, constitution, rights. ‘Liberals want liberties’

Liberals

those who favor extreme change

Radicals

‘Nationalists want their own nation’ – independence

Nationalists

Pride in one’s country and/or people

Nationalism

groups of people fighting for independent country or nation – or fighting against foreign rule

Nationalist Movement

Self-Rule

Autonomy

Right to vote

Suffrage

the right to vote for all men.

Universal Manhood Suffrage

period of reduced economic activity –economic decline

Recession

Leader of France – mid-1800s –was Napoleon’s Nephew

Napoleon III

Region that covers Central and South America (everything ‘south of the border’)

Latin America

members of the highest class in Spain’s colonies in the Americas – born in Europe

Peninsulares

Decedents of Spanish born colonists in the Spanish colonies of the Americas – born in the Americas

Creoles

Person who was of Native American and European descent.

Mestizo

Person who was of African and European descent.

Mullatos

Self-educated former slave, led a slave revolt against the French in Haiti that ultimately resulted in

Haitian independence.

Toussaint L’Ouverture

known as the Liberator who helped lead independence movements in central and South America. Also

tried to form Gran Columbia

Simon Bolivar

Joined forces with Simon Bolivar to liberate South American countries.

Jose de San Martin

Mexican Priest who called for Mexican independence.

Father Miguel Hidalgo

Mexican priest who continued the call for Independence.

Father Jose Morelos

Latin American Nationalist leader who followed in the footsteps of Bolivar and San Martin

Bernardo O’Higgins

Prince of Portugal – granted Brazil independence and crowned himself king.

Dom Pedro