chapter 2 the american colonies emerge plymouth rock
TRANSCRIPT
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CHAPTER 2 The American Colonies Emerge
Plymouth Rock
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Section 2
An English Settlement at Jamestown
The first permanent English settlement in North America is founded at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.
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The European Colonies
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An English Settlement at Jamestown
1st permanent English settlement in North America was Jamestown, Virginia in 1607
Joint Stock companies – investors joined together to raise funds to establish colonies
Virginia Company granted charter by King James I of England to start colony
John Smith becomes leader of colony
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Disastrous Start
What factors led to the disastrous start at Jamestown, Virginia? Pg. 43
Not prepared to work – more interested in gold
Not prepared for the rugged life John Smith injured Powhatan natives begin to destroy cattle and
crop Starving time
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Jamestown survives….
What role does tobacco play in the survival of Jamestown? P45
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Labor force needed to grow tobacco………
Comparison of labor sourcesHeadright
system
•Paid own passage
•Received 50 acres of land
•Failed to provide enough labor
Indentured Servants
•Worked in exchange for passage
•Failed to provide enough labor
Slavery
•1619
•Imported in large numbers
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Native Americans
What was the relationship between the colonists and the Native Americans? p.46
Chief Powhatan
Marriage of Pocahontas to John Rolfe
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Bacon’s Rebellion Poor frontier farmers demanded that the Governor Berkeley protect them from the
Natives Berkeley refused Nathaniel Bacon – led a rebellion against the governor Bacon marches on Jamestown to speak
with House of Burgesses- 1st colonial legislature in America
Nathaniel Bacon
Nathaniel Bacon leads Virginia settlers against Native Americans during Bacon’s Rebellion in 1676.
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Puritans – church members who wanted to “purify” or reform the Church of England. – Came to new world for religious reasons –
believed that the Church of England was too Catholic
Origins- English Reformation – King Henry VIII broke from the Catholic church to form the Anglican Church.
Separatists (Pilgrims) were Puritans who believed that the Church could not be reformed – members should separate from the church.– Pilgrims – left England to escape persecution –
founded Plymouth Colony in 1620 (2nd colony)
Section 3
Puritan New England
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Dissent in the Puritan Community
What problems did RogerWilliams and Anne
Hutchinsonhave with Puritan beliefs?
P.52Roger Williams believed that land taken from the Indians must be paid for and settlers should not be punished for their religious beliefs – He founded Rhode Island based on religious freedom
Anne Hutchinson – believed that worshipers did not need the church to interpret the Bible for them.
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Disputes between Native American and Colonists
Land Treaties Native Americans
•land treaties were agreements to share the land for which they received gifts.
Europeans
•Land treaties were a one-time deal in which the Natives permanently sold their land to new owners.
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Pequot War
1637 first major conflict occurred when Pequot nation decided to fight back against the colonists.
Colonists nearly destroyed the Pequot nation in a brutal battle
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King Philip’s War
Wampanoag chief Metacom (King Philip) leads war against the English settlers in New England in 1675.
War ends with English victory, but with many deaths
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New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware
The Dutch founded New Netherland and named the capital New Amsterdam
The English drove the Dutch out of the colony and changed the name to New York
Divided into New York – New Jersey - Delaware
Section 4
Settlement of the Middle Atlantic Colonies
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Middle Colonies
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Penn’s Holy Experiment
William Penn started the colony of Pennsylvania for religious freedom for the Quakers.
How did Quaker beliefs compare to Puritan beliefs? P.57
Answer: held services w/o ministers, dressed plainly, everyone was equal, peaceful, representative government, freedom of religion
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Southern Colonies
Maryland, Georgia, North & South Carolina, Virginia
Maryland – religious freedom North and South Carolina – owners
wanted to establish large plantations Georgia – to help debtors
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Southern Colonies
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